The WHO (2014) states that globally out of every 100 patients who are hospitalised, seven patients in developed countries and 10 patients in developing countries will acquire at least one HAI. More than four million patients acquire infections every year while receiving healthcare in Europe and more than 37,000 patients die as a result of a HAI (Health Protection Agency, 2012). When compared with other European countries, Ireland’s HAI rate is at the lower end of the scale (Nicol et al., 2009). Many victims of HAIs are elderly, with chronic conditions that weaken their immune systems (Pittet, 2011). Cotter et al. (2012) assessed the prevalence of HAIs and antimicrobial use as 3.7% in Irish long-term care facilities; the most frequently occurring was the urinary tract infection, representing 40% of HAIs. The occurrence of HAIs continues to escalate at an alarming rate.
1.b. Impact of healthcare associated infections
HAIs create additional physical, psychological and financial burdens for families (Groene, 2009). A recent study, published in the Archives of Internal Medicine, reported that healthcare-associated pneumonia affects approximately 250,000 U.S hospitalisations a year (Burnett et al., 2010). In 2011, the U.S Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) awarded more than $30 million in grants and contracts to the healthcare system and educational institutions including research organisations, in order to reduce the number of HAIs (Burnett, 2011). Over two million people in Canada acquire a HAI every year, with approximately 8,000 patients dying as a direct result of the infection. The majority of this death rate is attributable to the Clostridium difficile infection, which has increased three fold in Canada since 1997 (Ca...
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...ves were clearly stated, the presentation of the material was clear and systematic, the amount of time given to each session was adequate and each session contained relevant information.
6.3. Worthiness in meeting the objectives
This section evaluates the effectiveness in meeting all three objectives of the educational programme. In addition, it analyses whether this educational programme meets participant expectations and if they would attend a similar programme again in the future.
6.4 Feedback session
This section allows attendees to note something important that they learned, what they liked most and least about this programme and any other general comments.
Information about the education sessions and the participant evaluation, will be presented to the Infection control committee and this initiative will be included in the infection control annual report.
VanderBent, S. D. (2009, September). Home Care and Pandemic Flu. In Ontario Home Care Association Bringing Health Care Home. Retrieved March 10, 2014, from https://www.homecareontario.ca/public/docs/publications/position%20papers/2009/Home-Care-and-Pandemic-Flu.pdf
Hospital-acquired infections (HAI) are preventable and pose a threat to hospitals and patients; increasing the cost, nominally and physically, for both. Pneumonia makes up approximately 15% of all HAI and is the leading cause of nosocomial deaths. Pneumonia is most frequently caused by bacterial microorganisms reaching the lungs by way of aspiration, inhalation or the hematogenous spread of a primary infection. There are two categories of Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia (HAP); Health-Care Associated Pneumonia (HCAP) and Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP).
A common hospital acquired condition that nurses see now days is clostridium difficile. This bacterium usually invades patients who have been on long-term antibiotics that have killed off bacteria that protect them from infection. C. diff is passed from host to host by both direct and indirect contact making it readily moved from patient to patient in hospital settings (Mayo, 2013, 1). Nurses can use the QSEN competencies and KSAs to help treat and prevent hospital acquired conditions such as C.diff.
Clostridium Difficile (C. difficile) is a bacteria-related gastrointestinal infection that is caused (etiology) by the use of antibiotics therapy or exposure to the C. difficile spores (Swartz, 2013). According to published reports compiled by the California Department of Public Health (CDPH), National Safety Network (NHSN), and the Center for Disease Control Prevention (CDC), the rate of CDI have a major financial impact (costs associated with medical management of CDI) on health care institution across the United States. CDI is major concern for hospital administrators and patients at Sharp Grossmont Hospital (SGH) and other in hospitals within the Sharp Healthcare Network (SHN). According to data released by CPDH and the CDC, from January to December 2012 three hospitals within the (SHN) reported 136 new cases of CDI. Statistical data also show that 20,000 to 34,000 patients were admitted or readmitted to the hospitals for recurrent complications related to CDI such as electrolyte imbalance, nutrition deficits, and systemic bacteremia (CDPH, 2013).
Scott, II, R. D. (2009). The direct medical costs of healthcare-associated infections in U.S. hospitals and the benefits of prevention. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/hai/pdfs/hai/scott_costpaper.pdf
The format of the event was thoroughly structured and beneficial to all
Healthcare-associates Infections (HAIs) are infections that patients acquire during the course of receiving healthcare treatment for other conditions and can be devastating or even deadly ("CDC - HAIs the Burden - HAI", 2013). An HAI was defined as a localized or systemic condition that (1) results from an adverse reaction to the pres¬ence of an infectious agent(s) or its toxin(s), (2) that occurs during a hospital admission, (3) for which there is no evidence the infection was present or incubating at admission, and (4) meets body site-specific criteria (Klevens et al., 2007, p.2).
Reflecting on your delivery and relating to further reading and research, write a personal analysis which considers the following:
This literature review will analyze and critically explore four studies that have been conducted on hand hygiene compliance rates by Healthcare workers (HCWs). Firstly, it will look at compliance rates for HCWs in the intensive care units (ICU) and then explore the different factors that contribute to low hand hygiene compliance. Hospital Acquired infections (HAI) or Nosocomial Infections appear worldwide, affecting both developed and poor countries. HAIs represent a major source of morbidity and mortality, especially for patients in the ICU (Hugonnet, Perneger, & Pittet, 2002). Hand hygiene can be defined as any method that destroys or removes microorganisms on hands (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2009). According to the World Health Organization (2002), a HAI can be defined as an infection occurring in a patient in a hospital or other health care facility in whom the infection was not present or incubating at the time of admission. The hands of HCWs transmit majority of the endemic infections. As
Hospital acquired infections are one of the most common complications of care in the hospital setting. Hospital acquired infections are infections that patients acquired during the stay in the hospital. These infections can cause an increase in the number of days the patients stay in the hospital. Hospital acquired infections make the patients worse or even cause death. “In the USA alone, hospital acquired infections cause about 1.7 million infections and 99,000 deaths per year”(secondary).
C. difficile infection (CDI) is a dangerous healthcare-associated infection as well as a growing burden, especially with the appearance of more potent strains in the early 2000s. Clostridium difficile was initially identified as possessing the ability to initiate pseudomembranous colitis in the late 1970s. Asymptomatic colonization in healthy adults has been detected in only 3% of individuals, whereas the pervasiveness of such colonization among patients in long-term-care facilities is approximately 50%. People colonized with C. difficile act as a reservoir of contamination by infecting the environment with C. difficile spores, consequently leading to an increase of the pathogen in the hands of healthcare professionals or by way of medical equipment (Noorani, Soni, Pitrak, Belinson, & Aronson, 2012).... ... middle of paper ... ...
My “attention getter” overall was weak. I failed to include all the important parts of banana bread history that was intended to be said. During the start, I wanted to attempt not to read off my outline. With this attempt I felt as if it had hindered my start to my presentation.
...s and measurement to decrease healthcare- associated infections. American Journal Of Infection Control, pp. S19-S25. doi:10.1016/j.ajic.2012.02.008.
“Researchers in London estimate that if everyone routinely washed their hands, a million deaths a year could be prevented” (“Hygiene Fast Facts”, 2013, p. 1). Hands are the number one mode of transmission of pathogens. Hands are also vital in patient interaction, and therefore should be kept clean to protect the safety of patients and the person caring for the patient. Hand hygiene is imperative to professional nursing practice because it prevents the spread of pathogens, decreases chances of hospital-acquired infections, and promotes patient safety. There is a substantial amount of evidence that shows why hand hygiene is important in healthcare
...98,000 Americans die from these each year (Braunstein, 2012). With the treatment of holistic health care, the incidence rate of HAIs in hospitals can be decreased as well.