Dorothea Orem's Self Care Nursing Theory Analysis
The grand theory to be analyzed in this paper is Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory (SCDNT). The method used to analyze Dorothea Orem’s theory is Walker and Avant Theory Analysis (WAT). Theory analysis is a process of evaluating a nursing theory. The WAT is comprised of seven steps. The steps are defining the origins, meaning, logic, usefulness, details, structure and testability of the theory (McEwen & Wills, 2011). “Critical reflection of a theory determines how well the theory serves its purpose” (McEwen & Wills, 2011, p.95). Therefore, a critical reflection will be applied to the SCDNT. The purpose of this paper is to analyze and critique the SCDNT using the WAT method of theory analysis.
Theory Description
Origins of the Theory
The origins of the SCDNT began when Dorothea was asked to write the nursing curriculum for the Department of Health, Education and Welfare in Washington, DC. She along with other colleagues began the process for creating the curriculum and during this time the SCDNT began to develop. She published her first book on nursing theory in 1971 (McEwen & Wills, 2011). Also, she mentions that there was no particular theorist she based her theory (McEwen & Wills, 2011).
Meaning of the Theory
There are three primary concepts in the SCDNT. The concepts are self-care, self-care deficit and nursing systems (McEwen & Wills, 2011). In addition, authors McEwen and Willis breaks down Orem’s self-care theory with several requisites. They are universal, developmental, health deviation and therapeutic (McEwen & Wills, 2011). Plus, concepts of deliberated action and product of nursing are defined.
Definitions
The definition of self-care according to O...
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...g in positive patient outcomes. In conclusion, the SCDNT has been analyzed and shown to be beneficial to future of nursing
Works Cited
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I chose to do a concept analysis on ‘Self-Care.’ The nursing theory that uses this concept is Orem’s theory of nursing. This theory is a grand theory and consists of three minor interrelated theories; self-care, self-care deficit, and nursing systems. (Parker & Smith 2010). Orem defines self-care as when an individual initiates activities and performs to maintain life, health and well-being on their own and self-care deficit as not meeting adequate self-care requisites which include “limitations for knowing, deciding and producing care to self or dependent. (Parker & Smith, 2010)
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... M.A. (2006). Applications of Dorthea Orem's self care deficit nursing theory. In M.E. Parker (Ed.) (2006). Nursing theory and nursing practice (2nd ed., pp. 149-155). Philadelphia: EA. Davis Company.
Nursing theory is best described as a conceptualization of some aspect of nursing communicated for the purpose of describing, explaining, predicting, and/or prescribing nursing care (Potter & Perry, 2009). One of the most world renown-nursing theorists, Dorothea Orem, believed in the self-care theory, which directs it’s attention on the aspect the self-care needs of the client (2009). As a registered nurse, along with many other accomplishments, she began brewing her theory that guided many nursing schools/institutions in their program of studies. As a nurse, she felt it was necessary to do the things for patients they could not do on their own (Tiaki, 2008). Tiaki feels Orem’s theory is efficient because this theory will help patients to learn the tasks they are unable to do from the nurses, teaching them how to care for themselves (2008). The purpose of this paper is to describe Orem’s historical background, describe her self-care theory, and describe how her theory can be applied into nursing today.
In the history of nursing we have come a long way and this is because of the nurses before us. They wanted to learn, lead, teach and make a difference in the care of patients. There are 4 main nurse theorists in the second part of our text book. I am going show how they are alike and different from one another. What makes each one of them unique and the differences they played in the development of each nursing philosophy.
To make good nursing decisions, nurses require an internal roadmap with knowledge of nursing theories. Nursing theories, models, and frameworks play a significant role in nursing, and they are created to focus on meeting the client’s needs for nursing care. According to McEwen and Wills (2014), conceptual models and theories could create mechanisms, guide nurses to communicate better, and provide a “systematic means of collecting data to describe, explain, and predict” about nursing and its practice (p. 25). Most of the theories have some common concepts; others may differ from one theory to other. This paper will evaluate two nursing theorists’ main theories include Sister Callista Roy’s
McIntyre, M. & McDonald, C. (2014). Nursing Philosophies, Theories, Concepts, Frameworks, and Models. In Koizer, B., Erb, G., Breman, A., Snyder, S., Buck, M., Yiu, L., & Stamler, L. (Eds.), Fundamentals of Canadian nursing (3rd ed.). (pp.59-74). Toronto, Canada: Pearson.
One of the theories of nursing is Dorothea Orem’s self-care theory, also called the self-care deficit theory. Nursing theories are important for several reasons. The profession is strengthened when knowledge is built on sound theory (Black, 2014). Theory is important for reasoning, thinking, decision-making, and supporting excellence in practice (Black, 2014). Dorothea Orem’s theory is a conceptual model that provides a structure for critical thinking in the nursing process (Black, 2014). A conceptual model provides a comprehensive and holistic perspective of nursing (Black, 2014). Orem published her theory in 1959 and continued to develop her model, eventually formalizing three interrelated theories: theory of self-care, theory of self-care deficit, and theory of nursing system (Black, 2014). The focus of Orem’s model is the patient’s self-care capacity. The process helps to design a nursing process specific to each patient that will provide for the self-care deficit of the patient (Black, 2014). Self-care deficits exist when the patient has limitations and the self-care requirement is greater than he patient’s capacity (Manzini & Simonetti, 2009).
Nursing is considered one of the most trusted professions in the world. It is an essential part in the caregiving of sick, injured, and even healthy individuals. Developing a philosophy with any profession is the beginning basis of any practice. The nursing philosophy is usually incorporated from the science of nursing. That is because the field of health care is constantly changing, which causes the need of better competence in the health field of providing caring (Flagg, 2015). With nursing it starts by the science behind it. Then along with knowledge and experiences, that is when the nursing philosophy is developed. Researching differences between new ideas and cultural differences can then expand the viewpoint into a bigger picture.
Walker, L. O. & Avant, K. C. (2011). Strategies for theory construction in nursing. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, Inc.
Alligood, M. R., & Tomey, A. M. (2010). Nursing Theorists and their work (7th ed.). Maryland Heights, MO: Mosby Elsevier.
Over the years, there has been countless nursing theories has been developed in the field of nursing, but Lydia E.Halls theory has had a major impact in the nursing field. Hall’s background in psychiatry, rehabilitive care and with the help of her extensive knowledge and experience in the field of nursing, she derived a theory, focusing on the notion that centers on three components of care cure and core. The purpose of this paper is to present and explore the historical evolution of the theory and discuss the purpose of the theory. Lastly, explain the effect of Hall’s theory had on the profession of nursing.