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differences between quantitative and qualitative methods
differences between quantitative and qualitative methods
comparing and contrasting qualitative and quantitative methods
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Research Designs
To undertake a doctoral program, one first needs a clear understanding of the different methods of research. The three main types of research used in educational settings are: quantitative, qualitative and mixed methods. Quantitative is often considered the original method and is thought to be more exact. Qualitative appeared in the 1980’s and is often viewed as the exact opposite as quantitative, although I am not so sure that is a correct description. Mixed methods research has become more popular over the last 10 – 15 years and has been called the best of both worlds.
The hallmark of quantitative research is that it deals with numbers, or quantitative data. It is considered objective and more formal than the other
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This integration can occur concurrently or sequentially and at different stages of the research – “at the time of collection, during analysis, or during interpretation” (green). The hope of utilizing this style is that it will neutralize the weaknesses of both quantitative and qualitative methods. (creswell p.15) Mixed methods research is best for complex issues that cannot be understood simply by looking at one type of data. (creswell) The researcher can study behavior in more than one context or situation. Multiple objectives can be focused on at once. Data is a mixture of variables, words and …show more content…
Many of us have argued and become exhausted over our opinions on developmental coursework. However, one area that I am interested in learning more about is the role student engagement plays in college completion. Student engagement is a challenge to the Grenada Campus especially since we are strictly a commuter campus. I believe we do really well with a certain group of young, traditional-age students who choose to participate in activities. However, I think we are missing the mark with many others. Although not the same thing as student engagement, I am also interested in the concept of community engagement. Dr. Nylander and his work with the McLean Institute intrigued me. Holmes Community College is a key player in the Grenada area. I think we could make a big difference in our community implementing some of the strategies Dr. Nylander and his team use at Ole
Qualitative research aims to gather information from data collection methods and transform it into written words. Such as transcribing recorded interviews, taking field notes from observations, using words to outline images (Denscombe, 1998, p. 174). On the other hand, quantitative research aims to gather information from data collection methods and transform it into numbers. Such as analysing conducted surveys and pulling numbers to transform it into statistics, tables and graphs (Denscombe, 1998, p.174-177).
The two research methods, qualitative and quantitative, are dissimilar and according to Brewer (1999) controversy between the research methods have been about for decades regarding which research design delivers a more thorough and objective data (p. 245). Nevertheless, according to the literature reviewed, mix methods appear to be an appropriate solution to this subject matter. Mix methods combine qualitative and quantitative approaches and according to Abusabha and Woelfel (2003), combining both research designs has its advantages:
Qualitative and quantitative research have many differences. Qualitative is exploratory, interpretive, subjective, descriptive, emergent, looks to produce or reach a hypothesis by what is observed, has unknown variables, is flexible, and uses personal views. Qualitative research is confirmatory, predictive, objective, deduces and test the hypothesis, has known variables, is not flexible, but is a fixed, static designed to control variables, and tries to be bias-free. Qualitative research collects data through interviews, observation, surveys, review of artifacts, and self inqu...
To fulfill accuracy in this research, the main strategy that is used is the mixed methods, which lies under the post-positivist philosophy. This strategy is mainly the result of the combination of the positivist and the anti-positivist philosophies. In their book Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research, Creswell and Plano Clark (2011, p. 5) state that the mixed methods technique “[…] involves philosophical assumptions that guide the direction of the collection and analysis of data and the mixture of qualitative and quantitative data in a single study or series of studies.”
According to Smith (1983) quantitative research is to explain, predict and develop laws that can be universally applied and Qualitative research is the interpretation and understanding of what people give to their situation. The researchers clearly stated the purpose of their studies, aim, objectiv...
Research can be quantitative and qualitative. Quantitative research is objective and involves measuring the phenomena under investigation. Qualitative research is subjective, explores experiences and feelings, and involves the recording of phenomena that cannot easily be quantified (Toates, 2010, pp. 5-6). Both are empirical since they involve data collection (OU, n.d.).
Quantitative research may be seen as the less contentious of the two because it is more closely aligned with what is viewed as the classical scientific paradigm. Quantitative research involves gathering data that is absolute, for example numerical data so that it can be examined as unbiased as possible. The main idea behind quantitative research is that it is able to separate things easily so that they can be counted. The researcher generally has a clear idea of what is being measured before they start measuring it, and their study is set up with controls. Qualitative research on the other hand is a more subjective form of research, in which the research allows themselves to introduce their own bias to help form a more complete picture. Qualitative research may be necessary in situations where it is unclear of what is exactly being looked for in a study, while quantitative research generally knows exactly what it is looking for. Questionnaires and surveys are quantitative socio-legal research, because it is the collection of numerical data, or data that can be easily being turned into a numerical form. In terms of analysing quantitative data, Excel is the b...
On the other hand, Quantitative research refers to “variance theory” where quantity describes the research in terms of statistical relationships between different variables (Maxwell, 2013). Quantitative research answers the questions “how much” or “how many?” Quantitative research is an objective, deductive process and is used to quantify attitudes, opinions, behaviors, and other defined variables with generalized results from a larger sample population. Much more structured than qualitative research, quantitative data collection methods include various forms of surveys, personal interviews and telephone interviews, polls, and systematic observations. Methods can be considered “cookie cutter” with a predetermined starting point and a fixed sequence of
Quantitative research uses a deductive reasoning also known as top to bottom or (top down approach) starting with a theory, then the hypothesis, followed by observation and finally confirmation , going from the general to the more specific. Quantitative methods use numbers and statistics to show the results of the research exercise and mainly are concerned with mathematics and statistics. In quantitative research there are levels of measurement being firstly nominal which are names of things followed by ordinal sequence of things, interval where the sequence has equal distance between each item, and ratio where there is a true zero (Alston & Bowles, 2003, p. 7-9).
We believe it is clear that both qualitative and quantitative research have many benefits and many costs. In some situations the qualitative approach will be more appropriate; in other situations the quantitative approach will be more appropriate.
Methodology is the key to successful research. Determining how to run the study, whether it should be qualitative or quantitative can be dictated by the subject matter studied and the desired outcomes. Methodology is determined from the questions posed from the researcher; it is these questions that will guide the study and the desired outcomes.
Traditional research may use quantitative or qualitative research method. According to Hendricks (2009), quantitative research is a general conclusion based on hard data. Hen-dricks describe quantitativ...
On the other hand, quantitative research allows you to test hypothesis derived from theories, associated with the issues being investigated. It is less flexible, as there are standardized procedures and techniques for collecting, organizing and analyzing the data (Kuada, 2012).
Qualitative data analysis is the process of transforming data into information, information into understanding and understanding into knowledge (Davenport & Prusak, 1998). Furthermore, qualitative data analysis can be described as a blend of scientific studies and artistic style to create an innovative product. The research acts as the primary research tool, and must be able to sustain composer throughout the entire study. In addition, the researcher must be able to pay attention to the small details of the study, without losing sight of the big picture of the study (Chenail, 2012).
Quantitative research involves the collection and converting of data into numerical form to enable statistical calculations be made and conclusions drawn. It provides a measure of how people think, feel or behave and uses the statistical analysis to determine the results. However, this measurement results in numbers, or data, being collected, which is then analyzed by using quantitative research methods (Byrne, 2007).