The Health Belief Model
explanatory Essay
1328 words
Abstract
When conducting research on the Health Belief model, the following things were found. The Health Belief Model is used widely today to explain why or why people don’t get treated for an illness or medical condition. Research revealed who coined the model and what the main constructs of the model are. The reader will learn about the model, who coined it, how it works, the constructs of it, and how it is used in science and research today. The reader will learn that although preventative actions and methods are given, that not everyone takes advantage of them and actually uses them.
Research
The Health Belief Model, also known as the HBM, is a psychological model that tries to explain and predict different health behaviors for different
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In this essay, the author
- Explains that the health belief model is used widely today to explain why people don't get treated for an illness or medical condition.
- Explains that the health belief model, also known as the hbm, is a psychological model that tries to explain and predict different health behaviors for different individuals.
- Explains that the health belief model was coined by social scientists hochbaum, rosenstock, and kegels in the early 1950s, in response to people's failure to take advantage of a free tuberculosis health screening program.
- Explains that the health belief model is a psychological model that tries to explain and predict different health behaviors for different individuals. it was adopted to understand people's failure to take advantage of disease prevention strategies or screening tests for early detection.
- Opines that rachel gionis takes the precautions she feels are best for herself when it comes to immunizations.
- Explains that the health belief model is still relevant today because people are still avoiding treatment and/or not utilizing new technology and the availability of these tests to detect a disease early on in their life.
- Explains the six constructs of the health belief model. the first four were developed as the original tenets and the last two were added as research about the health belief model evolved.
- Explains the three constructs of the health belief model: perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, and perceived benefits. perceived benefits are one's belief in the efficacy of an advised action.
- Explains mcewan's definition of perceived benefit as a belief linked to the success of anticipatory actions.
- Explains that two constructs were added to fit the hbm: cues to action and self-efficacy.
- Explains that nursing is one of the main topics of research correlated with the health belief model. nurses promote immunizations to reduce the risk of obtaining a disease or medical condition.
- Opines that the health belief model tries to explain and predict one’s health behaviors. although doctors take precautionary actions and provide helpful preventative information, not everyone uses it wisely.
- Cites lamorte, w.w. (2016, april 28). the health belief model. retrieved november 20, 2017.
- Cites cruz, m. d., bieda, and centopanti, j. (2013, march 8). different applications of the health belief model.
The Health Belief Model is still a working model. “The HBM derives from psychological and behavioral theory with the foundation that the two components of health-related behavior are 1) the desire to avoid illness, or conversely get well if already ill; and, 2) the belief that a specific health action will prevent, or cure, illness.” (LaMorte) Therefore, an individual’s actions depend on the person and what he or she believes to be helpful and beneficial to their …show more content…
The Health Belief Model tries to explain and predict one’s health behaviors. I feel that although doctors take precautionary actions and provide helpful preventative information that not everyone takes the information and uses it wisely. Although there are actions we can take to prevent illness or health conditions, not everyone applies these preventative actions to their daily lives. The Health Belief Model is also still relevant today because people are still avoiding treatment and/or are also not utilizing new technology and the availability of these tests to detect a disease early on in their
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- Essay On Health Behavior Theoriesexplanatory essayHealth Behavior Theories Victoria Volz Kaplan University DNP 715 Health Behavior Theories Introduction ” Theories tell how and why things work; how and why one variable is related to another. Research findings that are theory based can be place in a framework that advances science further than findings that are unconnected to formal theory.” (O'Connell, 2009, p. 33).
In this essay, the author
- Explains that the health belief model (hbm) comes from psychological and behavioral theorists. the patient believes that a specific health action will prevent or cure the illness.
- Explains the perception of susceptibility, or the belief that one is at risk of acquiring the disease.
- Explains subjective norms-beliefs about whether key people approve or disapprove of the behavior; motivation to behave in a way that gains their approval.
- Explains that the transtheoretical model (ttm) or stages of change model focuses on the decision-making of the individual as a process and not an event.
- Explains that pre-contemplation means that the individual has no intention of changing the behavior and is not aware of the health implications.
- Explains that the person intends to take action soon and they have made some preparation toward this action.
- Explains that social cognitive theory (sct) explores the reciprocal interactions of people and their environments, and the psychosocial determinants of health behavior.
- Explains that reciprocal determinism-interaction of the person, behavior and environment utilizes observations as the focal strength that supports the theory.
- Explains reinforcements-internal and external responses to behavior that influences the likelihood of continuing or discontinuing a behavior. they can be self-initiated or within the environment.
- Explains expectations-anticipated outcomes of a person’s behavior; may or may not be health related. people anticipate the consequences of their actions before engaging in the behavior.
- Opines that a basic knowledge and understanding of health behavior theories is crucial to working with patients, students and colleagues alike.
- Describes perceived benefits, beliefs about the effectiveness of taking action against the illness or altering the severity, and perceived barriers that might prevent one from performing the action.
- Explains that the health belief model (hbm) can be used to teach clients who are experiencing behaviors that can cause health concerns, such as screening programs for hypertension or smoking cessation.
- Explains the theory of planned behavior (tpb), an offshoot of the theory of reasoned action (tra), used to explain the relationship between behavior, attitudes and intentions to engage in health behaviors.
- Explains how a survey could be conducted to determine the beliefs, attitudes, and intentions of young women seeking pap tests.
- Explains that the model is circular, meaning clients can enter at any point, regress back, and move forward at varying rates. a survey should be conducted to determine the stages of contemplation.
- Explains that the aprn can utilize social cognitive theory in the educational forum. students need frequent access to the skills, knowledge, and behaviors that they are expected to learn.
- Cites armitage, c. j., and mhunpiew, n. t. on the transtheoretical model.
2001 wordsRead More - The Health Belief Model (HBM)explanatory essayThe Health Belief Model (HBM) is one of the first theories of health behavior. It was developed in the 1950s by social psychologists in the U.S. Public Health Services to better understand the widespread failure of tuberculosis screening programs. Today it continues to be one of the most widely used theories. Research studies use it to explain and predict health behaviors seen in individuals. There is a broad range of health behaviors and subject populations that it is applied in. The concepts in the model involve perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, cues to action, and self-efficacy. Focusing on the attitudes and beliefs of individuals being studied create an understanding of their readiness to act on a health/behavioral factor based on their particular opinions on selected conditions. Several modifying factors such as age, sex, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, or level of education, etc. can determine one’s opinion on their perceived threat of obtaining a disease such as lung cancer based on the severity of the triggers causing the illness. Their likelihood to change an opinion or behavior depends on their perceived benefits or certain barriers that may be out of their control. Interventions can be used to promote health behavior changes and aid in persuading or increasing awareness on a particular issue.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that the health belief model (hbm) is one of the first theories of health behavior. it was developed in the 1950s to better understand the failure of tuberculosis screening programs.
- Explains the study's limitations, which require further evidence and research to reveal how effective the training course is for realtors.
- Explains that s used the hbm theory to raise awareness in realtors who had little knowledge or different perceptions on lead prior to training.
811 wordsRead More - Health Conviction Model: The Health Belief Modelexplanatory essayThe health belief model is a mental health conduct change model created to clarify and anticipate health related practices, especially as to the uptake of wellbeing administrations. The health conviction model was created in the 1950s by social clinicians at the U.S. Public Health Service and is one of the best-known and most generally utilized hypotheses as a part of health conduct research. The health belief model recommends that individuals' convictions about health issues, saw advantages of activity and boundaries to activity, and self-adequacy clarify the absence of engagement in wellbeing advancing conduct. A jolt, or signal to activity, should likewise be available keeping in mind the end goal to trigger the health- promoting conduct.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that the health belief model is a mental health conduct change model created to clarify and anticipate health related practices, especially as to the uptake of wellbeing administrations.
- Explains the theory of reasoned action, where our practices result from our expectations to perform activities. an aim is a result of our disposition toward an activity and our convictions about what others may need us to do.
164 wordsRead More - Health Belief Model: Relationships Among Health Care Providersexplanatory essayUsing the Health Belief Model, this study was to describe relationships among health care providers’ perceived susceptibility, actual risk of skin cancer, and the use of sunscreen. The idea was that If health care providers understand their own susceptibility to skin cancer, then there’s an increased chance that they will be able to influence others’ perceptions of their skin cancer susceptibility through more awareness. According to the Health Belief Model, the reason for preventive behavior could be the information received from the health care provider. It would be beneficial to explore what information health care providers share with their patients concerning skin cancer prevention, and whether it affects the patient’s decision to use
In this essay, the author
- Explains the health belief model study to describe relationships between health care providers' perceived susceptibility, actual risk of skin cancer, and the use of sunscreen.
- Explains that frequencies, means, standard deviations, and percentages were used to examine the perceived susceptibility of health care providers to skin cancer. a weakness of the study was that more data on the population of 60 years and older was needed.
208 wordsRead More - Social Cognition Models Essayexplanatory essayAim of this paper is to examine and present the application of social cognition models in the prediction and alternation of health behavior. Social cognition models are used in health practices in order to prevent illness or even improve the health state of the individuals in interest, and protect their possibly current healthy state. This essay is an evaluation of the social cognition models when used to health behaviors. Unfortunately it is impossible to discuss extensively all the models and for this reason we will analyze three of the most representative cognitive models to present an integrated idea of their application.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that social cognition models are used in health practices to prevent illness or improve the health state of individuals in interest, and protect their possibly current healthy state.
- Explains that human behavior is a vital component in the sustainment of health and the prevention of illness. psychosocial models have been leading influence in predicting and explaining health behaviors.
- Explains the health belief model, which suggests that people will be encouraged to process preventive behavior towards their health as a response to perceived threats.
- Explains that in order for behaviour to change, individuals need to have a feeling of personal vulnerability to something that threatens their health, take the consequences as serious future problems, and understand that taking action could possibly prevent or decrease the health risk at an acceptable cost with few barriers.
- Explains that hbm has an intuitive appeal, but conceptual difficulties. rosenstock was not specific about how different views affect each other, or how demonstrative variables combine to affect behaviour.
- Explains the theory of planned behavior, which evolved from the theory of reasoned action.
- Explains that the tpb could predict up to 30% of the variation in behavior caused through interventions, and a relative amount of intention.
- Explains the stages of change (soc) model, which proposes five stages: pre-contemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance. individuals at the same stage should face similar problems and barriers.
- Explains that the soc model is favourable to practitioners than researchers since its structures and concepts are not quite well defined and used in problem behaviors such as addictions.
- Concludes that social cognition models are strong structures that could help in health behavior interventions. however, they have limitations and each is specified in different behavioural aspects.
- Explains the validity and reliability assessment of health belief scales for mammography screening in greek asymptomatic women.
1524 wordsRead More - Health Belief Model: Condoms and Sexual Riskexplanatory essayJanz, N. K., & Becker, M. H. (1984). The health belief model: A decade later. Health Education & Behavior, 11(1), 1-47.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that the health belief model (hbm) is a psychosocial model that was developed during the 1950’s by social psychologists of the u.s. public health services.
- Explains that the key concept of the health belief model includes threat perception, behavioral evaluation, self-efficacy, and other variables.
- Explains the weaknesses of the hbme, including the fact that the health belief model only accounts for individual differences in beliefs and attitudes to predict health-related behaviors.
- Explains the best uses of the health belief model, which identifies constructs that lead to behaviors outcomes. the hbm is best used in influenza inoculations, seatbelt usage, exercise, nutrition, tay-sachs carrier status screening, high blood pressure
- Explains that the sample for this portfolio is about sexual risk teen pregnancy prevention by condoms. it will be made up of teens aged from 13 to 18 both males and females, with the lowest age being 13 years old.
- Explains that a four-point likert scale was used for the study, with values from 1 to 4.
- Opines that if one does not use a condom, they will be likely to become pregnant.
- Explains that condoms reduce pleasure during intercourse, show that they do not trust their partners, and can prevent pregnancy.
- Explains that condoms can prevent sexually transmitted infections, relieve premature ejaculation, and can be bought easily.
- Describes the self-efficacy of using condoms to prevent pregnancy.
- Describes the benefits of good health, such as work productivity and study ability. teens were likely to use condoms when they had sex because the overall health motivation was high.
- Analyzes how the perception of threat of an individual depends on the perceived susceptibility and perceived severity. teens believe that they are very likely to become pregnant if they do not use any condom during intercourse.
- Explains that the behavioral evaluation determined by perceived benefits and perceived barrier was also very high in case. the health evaluation was vey high, so it could increase the health motivation.
- Explains that the effective cures to action and the high self-efficacy in this case can increase the health-motivation.
- Explains that the threat perception, behavior evaluation, and self-efficacy are high, indicating that teens believe that they are very likely to become pregnant if they do not use any condom during sexual intercourse.
1459 wordsRead More - Health Promotion and Teaching as Tools for Nursingexplanatory essayAccording to Leddy & Pepper (1993), assumptions from the Health Belief Model include the following aspects:
In this essay, the author
- Opines that health promotion and teaching are important tools for nursing. by promoting health and health teaching, nurses can lay the foundation for a healthier future.
- Explains that efficacy expectation is a subconcept of expectancies, one's own competence to perform the behavior required to influence outcomes.
- Explains that behavior is regulated by its consequences, but only as those consequences are interpreted and understood by the client.
- Explains that man is an individual, holistic being, comprised of social, psychological, spiritual, and biological entities. his well-being is enhanced by nursing actions involving health promotion.
- Explains that health is a direct result of environmental factors and health teaching and promotion. it is important to incorporate the teaching process and recognize the different domains of learning to achieve effective, positive behavioral changes.
- Explains how nursing analyzes what type of nursing interventions would be most effective in modifying behavior. this can be guided by connecting three types of expectancies: environmental cues, outcome expectation, efficacy expectation and incentives.
- Explains that client-nurse transaction factors include past use of health services, perceived benefits, and barriers to promotion action. since environment is ever changing, it is necessary to continuously assess, plan, implement and evaluate.
- Explains that the health belief model, social cognitive theory, and the teaching process focuses on health promotion and teaching. man, health and environment are linked to this central theme.
- Explains that the health belief model and social cognitive theory can help the nurse analyze factors that contribute to man’s perceived state of health.
- Defines belief as a statement of sense, declared or implied, that is intellectually and/or emotionally accepted as true. attitude refers to the constant feeling, predisposition, or set of beliefs directed toward an object or situation.
- Explains behavioral diagnosis and the health belief model, a paradigm used to predict and explain health behavior based on value-expectancy theory.
- Explains the learning domains of information, skills, and attitudes needed to be taught to achieve the appropriate level of learning.
- Explains that affective learning is the recognition of values, religious and spiritual beliefs, family interaction patterns and relationships, and personal attitudes that influence decisions and problem-solving progress. teaching is a planned and purposeful activity that nurses use to increase the likelihood that individuals will learn.
- Explains that rosenstock's health belief model, bandura’s social cognitive theory, and the teaching process are major assumptions.
- Explains the client's perception of the severity of illness and its potential impact on his life, the benefits of actions, and the costs of action.
- Explains that the teaching process is a planned and purposeful activity that nurses use to increase the likelihood that individuals will learn.
- Explains that nursing is a profession needed by man to promote health with an outcome of enhancing man's perception of one’s health.
- Explains that health teaching in nursing practice: a professional model. edleman, c. l., & mandle.
1315 wordsRead More - Health Promotion Essayexplanatory essay6). Workplace health promotion designed to improve lifestyle, and ultimately enhance health, the ability to function, and productivity (Rongen, Robroek, van Lenthe, & Burdorf, 2013, p. 406). Over the years, various theoretical models have evolved to “articulate variables involved in health behavior to predict participation and engage would be non-participants” (Galloway, 2003). Health Belief Model was one of the first theories of health behavior developed in 1950s by a group of social psychologists, who sought to explain what motivates public to participate in programs designed for wellness promotion and disease prevention (Nursing Theories, 2013). According to this model, preventative behaviors depend on the individuals’ beliefs, including their vulnerabilities to the disease, the effect of the disease on their lives, and the effect of health activities on reducing the disease severity and susceptibility (Sharafkhani, Khorsandi, Shamsi, & Ranjbaran, 2014, p.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that personal and ergonomic factors may affect injury rates among health care professionals, such as the quality of initial training, training at the current facility, availability of lifting devices, and time to execute daily duties.
- Describes work-related characteristics (nursing specialty, position, employment status, number of years working, perceived nurse staffing adequacy, etc.).
- Explains the perception of susceptibility (previous or current back complaints and any musculoskeletal complaints in the past 12 months).
- Explains the importance of ergonomic devices when lifting or transferring patients.
- Asks whether it is always necessary to use ergonomic devices when lifting or transferring patients with limited mobility or passive patients.
- Asks, do you always use ergonomic devices when lifting or transferring patients with limited mobility or passive patients?
- Describes the reasons for not using ergonomic devices when lifting or transferring patients with limited mobility or passive patients.
- Explains that the nursing profession is actively involved in health promotion and disease prevention, but neglecting their personal safety leads to high levels of work-related injuries.
- Explains that the proposed health promotion plan would be directed at the detection and reduction of preventable causes of musculoskeletal injuries in the specific healthcare facility.
- Explains how koppelaar, knibbe, miedema and burdorf measured individual and organizational determinants based on the following set of parameters: motivation, or willingness of a nurse to undertake the necessary actions to commit to the interventions.
- Analyzes how supportive management climate promotes the use of ergonomic devices and reduces preventable injury rates. the safety program coordinator could develop a program to address the needs of the unit.
1797 wordsRead More - Social Cognitive Theory: The Health Belief Modelexplanatory essayLets make it quite clear that change doesn’t happen overnight nor is it ever a process easy. To make a proper and healthy life-style behavior change, you must be dedicated to put in the time and effort that’s necessary for accomplish any goal. When I first began to become engage in exercising and becoming more physically fit I found that the Health Belief Model and the Social Cognitive Theory demonstrated the progression that I have made throughout my change. To begin you do not need to try and follow through the steps provided in any given model or a theory, the reasoning behind that statement is that everyone is different so our stages of change will all differ from one another. For me, once I decided that I wanted to begin attending group-fitness classes I found that through the Health Belief Model I had to understand the perceived benefits of my change, I had to
In this essay, the author
- Explains that change doesn't happen overnight nor is it ever a process easy. the health belief model and the social cognitive theory demonstrated the progression that they have made throughout their change.
- Explains that awareness of the numerous illnesses and diseases that are directly related to physical activity pushed them to become active and strive to live a more balanced life-style.
- Explains that everyone has a unique set of barriers that prevent them from making the changes they desire to make.
- Explains that self-efficacy is vital for people who wish to continue their personal growth because no one will believe in you but yourself.
- Explains that reinforcements can be internal or external factors, such as motivation and support from friends and the feeling of completion after a workout class.
1041 wordsRead More - Social Cognitive Theory And The Theories Of Health Behaviorexplanatory essayTheories of health behaviors that assume individuals exist within, and are influenced by social environment are called “interpersonal theories” (National Cancer Institute, U.S Department of Health and Human Services & National Institutes of Health, 2005). Interpersonal theories/models also focus on how individuals are influenced by the opinions, thoughts, behaviors, and support of the people he/she associates with and vice versa (how individual influences others). The social environment can affect a person’s behavior, as well as have an impact on one’s health (National Cancer Institute, U.S Department of Health and Human Services & National Institutes of Health, 2005).The names of the interpersonal theories/models, are the following: Social Cognitive Theory, Social Networks and Social Support Theory, Transactional Model of Stress and Coping, and
In this essay, the author
- Describes the various theories of health behaviors that assume individuals exist within, and are influenced by social environment.
- Explains that the social cognitive theory (sct) is an interpersonal behavioral change theory that can be applied to the health-behavior change that their nmsu friends and i have been thinking about for some time.
- Explains that psychological determinants of behavior consist of outcome expectations, self-efficacy, and collective efficacy. they believe in themselves to go through diet and exercise to lose the pounds.
- Explains that the four processes of observational learning are attention, retention, production, and motivation. having a personal trainer at planet fitness will help us all to see how to perform an exercise.
- Explains that environmental determinants of behavior contain two different forms of environmental change (incentive motivation and facilitation).
- Describes the six ways to self-regulate and explains that they will monitor their calorie and fat intake each time they eat. they will reach out for social support to encourage them to lose weight.
- Explains that they will apply moral disengagement to their health-behavior change to keep themselves from gaining the weight again.
722 wordsRead More