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What are the importances of soil
Importance of soil in farming
What are the importances of soil
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Introduction
Environmentally soils have a huge significance in stopping pollutants through its structure and the different processes that take place on soils. Soils have the ability to influence he environment but they are also influenced by the environment (Ellis and Mellor, 2005). They are the medium in which we get all our food and they are also the sinks for our wastes (Wild, 1993). Soil is constituted of different properties which could be physical or chemical and these determine how soils will react when exposed to different elements. In this assignment I will be looking at the hydropedological behaviours of soil profiles, the dominant hillslope hydropedological processes dominating the landscape in the Highveld region of South Africa. And
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This question relates to the soils role in water quality and quantity. 2) How do soil formation, development, variability and role in space and time get affected by these hydrologic processes? This question relates to the waters role in soil quality and quantity (Lin, 2002 and 2012). Hydropedology is an interaction of three major science disciplines which are pedology, hydrology and soil physics. Pedology looks at geomorphology, geology, geochemistry and geophysics. Hydrology looks at hydrogeology, hydro climatology, hydro ecology and hydro geophysics. Whilst soil physics looks at soil chemistry, soil biochemistry, soil biology and soil mechanics (Lin, 2012).
The hydropedological behaviour of the soil profiles
In this section I will be analysing the hydropedological behaviour of soils by looking at three soil properties which are the clay content, hydraulic conductivity and the cation exchange capacity. Definitions will be given and the analysis will be done.
Hydraulic
The main feature of the park is a large lake named after the park itself “Kusawa Lake”. The land of Kusawa Territorial Park is abundant in exposing bedrock because the land surface is relatively high and the soil is thinly distributed over the land. With the high mineral concentration in the park it was subjected to map notation in 1972 denoting the lake and surrounding area as a possible park area, this discouraged mineral exploration in the area. As rocks are exposed, they erode at different rates, and produce different soil characteristics. The rocks in Kusawa Park are characterized by their low calcium level, this results in the soil and run off being
Mississippi has a variety of different soils .The three general soils are 1) the river flood plain, known as the Delta, 2) a loess region, or bands of soils formed in windblown material that adjoins the Delta, and 3) Coastal Plain. The Mississippi Delta is better for growing row crop, while the loess and Coastal Plain region are better for animal production and forestry. The loess and Coastal Plain regions are divided based on similar soils, geology, climate, water resources, and land use called Major Land Resource Areas. The Mississippi Delta’s soil comes from sediments left by flooding various rivers in the region, rather than being a typical Delta formed by the mouth of a river. In the Delta most of the land is farmed, with three-fourths of the cropland to the north. Controlling surface water and drainage are major soil management issues. In the Delta soils are naturally diverse because of their alluvial origin. Particle sizes within the sediment decrease as distance from the originating stream increase. Another factor in Delta soil formation us surface water movement over time, because soils that formed under standing water have different properties than soils formed under moving water. Soils with large amounts of clay particles have unique features. When the soil is dry, small round aggregates form at the surface that look like shotgun buckshot, which is where the popular name for Delta clay soils “buckshot” came from. Soils with large clay content have very slow water filtration rates; this has led to significant aquaculture and rice production in the region. When floodwaters receded in the Delta, strong winds blew some of the dry sediment left by flooded river to the adjacent uplands to form the loess areas. Because of eas...
How does the bare soil surface type affect the amount of runoff? Speculate why this happens.
Darcy’s law provides an accurate description of the flow of ground water in almost all hydrogeological environments. Henri Darcy established empirically that the flux of water through a permeable formation is proportional to the distance between top and bottom of the soil column.
...t inaccurately assumed that the acidity of soil in low land Cumbria compared to highland Cumbria was different.
Desert pavements are common landforms in arid regions. They consist of flat or sloping surfaces where stones are closely packed angular or rounded, and generally exhibit low relief (Mabbutt, 1977). Pavements tend to form on both alluvial fan toposequences and on weathering volcanic flow fields in arid regions. Soils are often found under desert pavements and they play an important role in the evolution of pavements (McFadden et. al., 1987). In the past there have been several theories as to the formation pavements and soil development beneath them. Deflation, or the erosion of finer grained particles from a surface, stone concentration by wash erosion and upward displacement of stone due to shrink and swell clay characteristics were at one time believed to be the main factors in the formation of desert pavements (Mabbutt, 1977). However, more recent research has shown that desert pavements are born and maintained at the surface, and that the soil below them is mainly eolian in origin. Slow accretion of eolian dust below the pavement is a process that eventually develops cumulate horizons. Eolian dust in environments where pavements often develop is rich in carbonate salts and clays due to the fact it often originates from nearby playa lake evaporate basins (McFadden et. al., 1987). Soils that form below the pavements over time develop calcic horizons and clay rich structure due to the influx of these eolian fines through the pavement surface. In turn the development of mature or plugged calcic horizons effects the form of the pavement surface because it alters the water drainage infiltration rate and causes pavements to decline.
" Journal of Environmental Quality, vol. 78, no. 2, pp. 113-117. 4 (3), 1975, p. 317-322. Hubbard, R.K.; Leonard, R.A.; Johnson, A.W. ; "Nitrate transport on a sandy coastal plain soil underlain by plinthite." Transactions of the ASAE, vol. 78, no. 2, pp.
Africa has a regular coastline characterized by few indentations. Because of the smooth coastline, natural harbors were non-existent. Today, however, there are important coastal cities, such as Lagos and Dakar. With the exception of the Mediterranean coast, most of the coastline is low-lying , generally narrow and rising sharply to high elevations. The African climate and topography varies greatly. Although temperatures are usually high, due to being so close to the equator, rainfall, soil quality and elevations are of various degrees. Because most of the African continent has not been covered by water for millions of years, soils have developed according to their weathering e...
(Ant)arctic (high-latitude) and alpine (mountain) areas are affected by relatively similar climates, as latitude and altitude produce similar meteorologic effects. In these geographic regions where temperature is at such a pronounced extreme, climate would seem to be the leading factor of soil development. It is my goal in this research paper to answer the following question: How do the soils of arctic and alpine areas differ? This idea, taken largely from an abstract by Birkeland (1975), will be explored through the comparison of the soils of these two geographic regions, and an analysis of the soil development factors in those environments.
Soil liquefaction describes a phenomenon whereby a saturated or partially saturated soil substantially loses strength and stiffness in response to an applied stress, usually earthquake shaking or other sudden change in stress condition, causing it to behave like a liquid. The phenomenon is most often observed in saturated, loose (low density), sandy soils. This is because the loose sand has a tendency to compress when a load is applied; dense sands by contrast tend to expand in volume. If the soil is saturated by water, then water fills the gaps between soil grains. In response to the soil compressing, this water increases in pressure and attempts to flow out from the soil to zones of low pressure (usually upward towards the ground surface). However, if the loading is rapidly applied and large enough, or is repeated many times (e.g. earthquake shaking, storm wave loading) such that it does not flow out in time before the next cycle of load is applied, the water pressures may build to an extent where they exceed the contact stresses between the grains of soil that keep them in contact with each other. These contacts between grains are the means by which the weight from buildings and overlying soil layers are transferred from the ground surface to layers of soil or rock at greater depths. This loss of soil structure causes it to lose all of its strength. According to the
Weir, Wilbert W., 1936, Soil Science : Its Principles and Practice Including Basic Processes for Managing Soils and Improving their Fertility: Chicago, J.B. Lippencott Company.
In the news today we every now and again find out about pedophiles and youngster molesters. We have heard the ghastliness stories of minister and religious administrators attacking young men, government funded teachers engaging in sexual relations with understudies, and relatives attacking kids. While it is as yet unthinkable, the general visibility of a kid molester has changed in the previous years. It used to be that when we thought of a pedophile, we thought of a startling man prowling behind the shrubberies. This isn't the situation today, the greater part of the instances of youngster attack are by a man known to the kid, regardless of whether it be a relative or a family friend.(Herkov, 2012)
Pedophilia is a mental illness that cannot be cured. Male perpetrators chose to victimize children of their own or other children who they have an attachment to. These offenders are not always violent, but they are extremely secretive about what they participate in. Children who have not reached puberty yet are likely to be the target of a pedophile that is close to them. Not all adults who work with children are going to be a pedophile. Talking to children and knowing what is going on in their lives will help keep communication flowing through the family, and lets the children know they can talk to their parents about anything. Knowing the
Hydrometer test is needed as more than 10 % of soil sample passes the 63 µ m sieve (BS 1377-2:1990). It covers the quantitative determination of the particle size distribution in a soil from coarse sand size to clay size. Particles settle under gravity during testing (Head, 1984). The results of hydrometer analysis can be referred to Appendix C1. The calibrations which used in the hydrometer analysis and water viscosity are shown in Appendix C2 and Appendix C3.
Agriculture also leads to soil erosion, both through rainfall and wind. This soil can damage the aquatic ecosystems it ends up in, an...