Intervention For Screening of PPD In Practice
PPD screening is in need of a standardized protocol that can be used in the outpatient setting. This section will examine which screening tool the APN should use and when to implement the tool. A protocol for the inpatient and outpatient setting will include education topics, standardized depression scale, appropriate treatment, resources, and referrals.
In-Patient Setting
The inpatient setting will be within a region such as Riverside County that has hospitals units for mothers after delivering their baby. The units are either called postpartum units, Mother-Baby units or Family Centered Care. The mother’s will be recovering while bonding with their infants. The change theory model will be used
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Each healthcare provider plays a role in helping mothers with their overall wellbeing. The OBGYN, Charge RN’s, and PCP’s will play an active role in screening for risk factors, educating mothers, providing resources on preventing PPD. The NP will also inform the inpatient healthcare personnel to introduce the benefits of EPDS screening tool to mothers prior to discharge
The charge nurses, bedside RN’s, OBGYN’s, social workers and PCP’s will be informed of the background of postpartum depression, its effect on mothers, and how they can play an active role in helping prevent PPD in mothers. The NP will begin by providing a 5-10 minute in-service in the postpartum units to both day shift and night shift nurses. The in-service will prepare the healthcare providers to take a thorough social history, encourage bonding of the mother baby, inform mothers signs and symptoms of depression, provide pamphlet, and encourage to perform EPDS screening tool throughout the first
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The NP will also educate RN’s to assess risk factors that mother’s may have prior to discharge. According to O’Hara and McCabe (2013), “risk factors reflect women’s social standing and access to “buffering” resources (SES), which in part reflect environmental stressors and social support and in part reflect recent and ongoing depression and anxiety symptoms as well as personality disturbance” (pg. 387). Early assessment of risk factors prevents or intervenes from developing depression. They will encourage open discussion between nurses and mothers with family members present on concerns they may have about PPD. Mothers will be informed that PPD can occur anytime within one year and that is important to seek help. The signs and symptoms of post partum depression will be discussed with the mother and her family, along with giving a pamphlet that can be used as a resource at home (Appendix C). The nurse will educate on the use of the EPDS screening tool by going over each question following with informing the mother to fill out an EPDS screening tool at two weeks postpartum. The screening tool will be a prestamped envelope that will be sent to the PCP or
Knowing the symptoms of postpartum depression is critical for a young mother's discovering that she may have the depress...
Pregnancies are often correlated with the assumption that it will bring happiness to the household and ignite feelings of love between the couple. What remains invisible is how the new responsibilities of caring and communicating with the baby affects the mother; and thus, many women experience a temporary clinical depression after giving birth which is called postpartum depression (commonly known as postnatal depression) (Aktaş & Terzioğlu, 2013).
Maternity care used to be and still is at some facilities segregated into three departments; intrapartum, postpartum and nursery. This care is often called “transitional” care, and has been described as “rigid and inflexible” (Waller-Wise, 2012). During my obstetrics rotation, the transition to family centered care was observed.
This birthing plan is often documented in the patient’s medical record which aids the health care staff during the birthing event. Documentation and discussion of these events is often necessary to ensure all the needs of the family are met. Too often all the potential needs are not discussed and the opportunity to meet the needs of the new family is missed. These missed opportunities can result in emotional and religious conflicts within the family unit and toward the health care staff. For the nurse leader these missed opportunities in care could result in unfavorable patient satisfaction scores and reports within and outside the institution which necessitates follow up. The most important missed opportunity is how this affects the family unit itself. Depending on the missed opportunity the family unit may be affected for years based on questions not asked or decisions made with poor information. Some cultures must bury the placenta after birth and if this was not discussed and the placenta discarded the religious implications could be devastating for this family. Application of Henderson’s need theory guides the nurse in the educational plan for the patient-family unit to ensure all basic needs are covered and questions related to those needs are posed in advanced of the birthing
Postpartum depression is indeed a major psychological disorder that can affect the relationship between mother and baby. At this time, the cause of postpartum depression is unidentified, although several factors experienced during pregnancy can contribute to this disorder. Fluctuating hormone levels have been traditionally blamed for the onset of postpartum depression. Jennifer Marie Camp (2013), a registered nurse with a personal history of postpartum depression, states in the Intentional Journal of Childbirth Education that “current research demonstrates that PPD may be a compilation of numerous stressors encountered by the family, including biochemical, genetic, psychosocial factors and everyday life stress” (Camp, 2013, p. 1). A previous history of depression, depression during pregnancy, financial difficulties, a dif...
Hardy, Sheila. "Prevention And Management Of Depression In Primary Care." Nursing Standard 27.26 (2013): 51-56. CINAHL Plus with Full Text. Web. 01 Apr. 2014.
Sorensen, J., & Abbott, E. (2004). The Maternity and Infancy Revolution. Maternal & Child Health Jounal, 8(3), 107-110. Retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=14089739&site=ehost-live
A great deal of emotions occur in the postpartum period, emotions that you could never understand unless you have been there. Before I attended a conference on depression in pregnancy & postpartum the thought of fathers suffering from postnatal depression never even entered my mind. As far as I was concerned, It was only associated it with giving birth. The knowledge I gained has not only changed my outlook on the subject but the way that I interact with and educate my patients. My focus is no longer just on the dyad of mom and baby it’s on mom, dad and baby if there is a partner involved at all. The purpose of this essay is to explore a particular concept related to professional caring in nursing. It will discuss the patient/client situation, exploration of the concept, how the concept relates to personal caring through noticing, interpreting, responding and reflection. The concept that will be explored in this paper is empathy.
Ward, S. L., & Hisley, S. M. (2009). Maternal-Child Nursing Care: Optimizing Outcomes for Mothers, Children, and Families. Philadelphia, PA: F.A. Davis.
Wright, L. M., & Leahey, M. (2009). Nurse and Families: A Guide to Family Assessment and Intervention (5th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: F. A. Davis Company.
Kaakinen J., G.-D. V. (2010). Family Health Care Nursing. (4th ed.). Philadelphia: F.A. Davis Company.
To support the emotional and physical health of these families, nurses provide interventions that assist them through the nine tasks of family development. For Danny and Mark, lack of sleep, lack of time, social isolation, and fatigue impacts their relationship and emotional state. To help mitigate the effects of stress, the nurse educates them on activities to reduce stress and finds ways to maximize their schedule to provide opportunities to participate in those activities. .The nurse also helps Danny and Mark by suggesting and/or finding resources to help with childcare which will provide time for them to spend with each other and with friends. Supporting the emotional health of families with newborns influences positive parent-child relationships and decreases infant maltreatment, family conflicts and negative outcomes (Goldberg & Smith,
...al period is an extremely stressful period for first time mothers who have to face numerous physical, emotional and social challenges. It is further complicated by the limited support they might get from healthcare providers due to early hospital discharge. For example, in Singapore the only attention provided to the mothers after discharge includes follow-up visits to the hospital from week 1-6 of the postpartum period depending on the maternal needs. Lack of support at home is one of the factor that may contribute to first time mothers having low self-efficacy in their newborn care, which is considered to be the most crucial characteristic for transition to motherhood.Thus, having adequate discharge education and support by family members is crucially important as it aids first time mothers in coping with their post natal period, maternal and newborn well-being.
... Unfortunately, all families have barriers and may not be able to attend parenting classes to receive the education that may be necessary before the birth of their child. At that point, it then becomes the nurse’s responsibility to recognize the impairment, put interventions into place, and evaluate the family before discharge. For successful childrearing, parents need knowledge about raising children. Parenting classes and health-care professionals working with parents can contribute to raising children (Campbell,1992).
When the baby is admitted to the NICU, the mother is unable to have the usual bonding moments where she holds and comforts her newborn. Rather, when visiting with her child, she is required to take endless precautions, has limited time to be with her baby, and must see her little child connected to many machines helping to keep the baby stable (Shanmugam & Ramachandra, 2015). In their study, Shanmugam and Ramachandra (2015) questioned 100 mothers of neonates in the NICU, and recorded the correlation between their stress level and coping strategies. They found that 38 of the mothers had severe stress, 28 had moderate stress, and the remaining had mild stress. Of these women, 25% had good coping, 50% had moderate coping, and 25% had poor coping. A large finding from this study was that nurses and health care providers played a very big role in helping to reduce the stress levels of the mothers by talking with them and listening to their concerns, while also providing adequate care for their children. If the mother is using negative coping strategies, such as holding in all of her concerns and filling her mind with the thoughts of death, financial issues, and fear of the unknown, she is going to cause her body great harm (Shanmugam & Ramachandra,