Lazzaro Spallanzani
Lazzaro Spallanzai, was the Italian physiologist who was one of the founders of
experimental biology. Born in Scandiano, a small town in the providence of Emilia on
Jan. 12, 1729 , Spallanzani was among the many dedicated philosophersof the eighteeth
century (Lazzaro...1). His main scientific interests were biological and was a master at
mircoscopy,but he also looked into problems of physics,chemistry, geology, and
meteorology, and volcanology (Gillispie,1).
After attending a local school, Spallazani went at afe fifteen to a Jesuit seminary
in Reggio Emilia where he dominated in rhetoric, philosophy, and languages. He left
Reggio Emilia in 1749 to study jurisprudence at the ancient University of Bologna, where
he expanded is education in mathematics, chemistry, natural history, and aquired
a knowledge of French (Asimov,1). For three years he worked toward his docterine in
law. In 1753 or 1754 he became a doctor of philosophy. Then, he recieved instructions in
metaphysics and theology and took minor orders. Within a few years he became a priest
and added himself to two congregations in Modena (Gillispie,2).
Spallanzani, in hundreds of experiments tested various rituals for rendering
infusions permanently barren and finally found that they remained free of
microorganisms when put into flasks that were sealed and the contents boiled for one
hour (Lazzaro...1).The entrance of air into the flask through a slight crack in its neck was
Patel 2
followed infusoria. He reported no spontaneous generation in strongly heated infusions
protected from aerial contamination. In 1765, after cutting up thousands of earthworms
and exploiting the ability of the aquatic salamander to regrow its tail, he resolved to
investigate reproductive phenomena in animals ans plants(Gillispie,3). He proved this by
cuting theworms the area that affected the segmental regenerative response. Amputation
of the tailwas followed by vascularization of the transparent growing stump. He also
established the general law that in susceptible species inverse ratio obtains between the
regenerativecapacity and age of the animal. Lazzaro launched countless experiments
relating to infusion animalcules and "spermatic worms," with result that soon made
chimera of thevegetatice force and undermined the docterine of organic molecules; but
these ideasdemanded more attention so they were postponed (Asimove,2). He also found
that complex infusoriaare more susceptible to heat and cold than the "infinitely minute"
germ of lower class,whose relative resistance he ascribed to their eggs. In 1777 he
publicly demonstrated the great force exerted by the gizzards of fowls and ducks in
week! He was unable to go to law school like he wanted to do, so he studied by
Francisco Pizarro was a conquistador born in Trujillo, Spain in about 1471. His father, Gonzalo Pizarro, was an infantry captain and he taught Francisco how to fight at an early age. Francisco Pizarro never learned to read and write but he was full of adventure.
His father wanted him to study to become a minister but John desired to find another calling. He enjoyed rhetoric and public speaking and thought about being a lawyer but he did not think he was capable. He graduated from Harvard in 1755 with a BA degree. He started working as a school teacher in Worcester, Massachusetts. He then began studying law under James Putman after Putman took Adams to court sessions. He studied law at night and during the day he would teach. He was admitted into the bar at Braintree in 1758 and later opened h...
How would you define abuse? Abuse is the use of something for a bad purpose; misuse or to hurt or injure by maltreatment; ill-use. Some types of abuse are physical abuse: involving hitting, pushing, biting, punching, choking; Emotional abuse: cursing/ swearing, attacks on self-esteem, blaming, and criticizing your thoughts and feelings; Psychological abuse: Threatening, throwing, smashing, breaking things, punching walls, and
Mental or psychological abuse has the most expansive list of methods. Mental abuse is harming a woman emotionally or psychologically and has an endless list of effects. This type of abuse may take form verbally by being humiliated, destructively criticized, removing self-confidence, yelling, threatening, accusing, or even remaining silent, overly authoritative, or disrespectful. A man may emotionally abuse his partner by destroying something important or sentimental to her or threaten to take away th...
Utilitarianism is a difficult topic to fathom, for it requires a large amount of questions and self-evaluation. In order to understand utilitarianism, think of bad versus bad. A principle stating that when one is faced with two difficult decisions, which choice would be less harmful for all of those involved? John Stuart Mill and Bernard Williams describe utilitarianism as pain versus pleasure or the lesser of two evils approach, and how that approach ties into ones ultimate choice. Utilitarianism is not about the pursuit of happiness, rather, it is really about picking which evil is the best evil.
The victims are blinded from the danger they are in because it is all they know in a relationship or feel it is their fault. Another reason victims do not leave their abusive spouse is fear (Rafenstein 6). The Article “How to Plan Escaping From An Abuser” says:
They make us feel like we deserve to be treated the way we are and that we are lucky to be with them. They are masters at manipulating the way we feel.” ("20 Warning Signs of an Emotional Abusive Relationship." Powerofpositivity. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 May 2017.) Emotional abuse is harmful to your confidence and self-esteem, the stress from an emotionally abusive relationship can manifest itself in the form of illness, depression and even long-term emotional trauma. Emotional abuse is harmful to your confidence and self-esteem, the stress from an emotionally abusive relationship can manifest itself in the form of illness, depression and even long-term emotional trauma.” ("20 Warning Signs of an Emotional Abusive Relationship." Powerofpositivity. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 May 2017.) The other factor that makes emotional abuse so devastating is the greater likelihood that victims will blame themselves. If noticing someone that is being emotionally abused, there are ways you can help this
We tend to think of abuse as physical violence, like slapping, pushing, or throwing your partner into walls. Not all abusive relationships are that obvious, especially for men. Emotional abuse are most common in relationships. It could range from constant insults, to false accusations to keep you in line. Most men could never admit to psychological damage from verbal abuse, however that needs to change. Men need to play their part in spreading awareness as well.
People who deviate from social norm are motivated by anti-social people such as criminals and drug addicted. Control theory suggests the opposite hypothesis, in that people will naturally commit crime if situation allowed doing so (Bernard et al., 2010, p. 203). The control theories suggest that every society have a set of values, norms and behavior for their citizen. A person is considered as anti-social, if s/he breaks the norms set by the society. Albert J. Reiss’s article, in 1951 described about various aspects of control theory (Bernard et al., 2010, p. 203). The researchers showed that juvenile were more violent when they were identified of lacking self-controlling capacity (Bernard et al., 2010, p. 203). Young adults with less self controlling capacities were not able show good behavior and lead to delinquent behavior. It was found that when young-adults were frequently absent from the school and the school authorities believed them as having involved in anti-social activities (Bernard et al., 2010, p. 204). When social norms are weak on an individual, then that individual may get involve in the anti-social activities. Reiss’ suggested that juveniles’ delinquent behavior rate can be influenced by several other factors outside the perimeter of control theory, however, later he was inclined towards control theories (Bernard et al., 2010,
To say the least each one of these forms of abuse are hard to think about but this abuse does happen more often than
According to the Center for Relationship Abuse Awareness, relationship abuse is a “pattern of abusive and coercive behaviors used to maintain power and control over a former or current intimate partner” (Baran, “What is Relationship Abuse?”). In relationships like this there is the abuser and the victim. Stereotypically, people would think the male figure would be the abuser and the victim would be female. However, abuse and cruelty don’t discriminate. Any human being, no matter gender or race, is capable of hurting another. The abuse that can be inflicted in these relationships are “emotional, financial, sexual or physical and can include threats, isolation, and intimidation” (Baran, “What is Relationship Abuse?”). The whole idea of intentionally physically/mentally damaging someone they should love is a baffling concept to most. Many may wonder what causes this sort of
Abuse has become so common that some people do not realize they are being abused. It is important that this topic is studied because there are many gaps of knowledge to what all an abusive relationship can entail. The goal is to help someone somewhere get out of an abusive relationship before its too late. Whether its emotional or physical abuse, neither is healthy for a person to maintain in. So seeking relationship advice from outside sources, such as popular press articles may be a usual for tool for people who are looking for insight as long as they know to check up on the research involved in the article. This paper will compare and contrast the findings from the article I have chosen to the scholarly research that has been conducted on abusive relationships.
His spent his life almost entirely in his hometown; he did not go more than a hundred miles only when he lived for several months in Arnsdorf as preceptor. Living in that city he worked as a private tutor to earn a living after the death of his father in 1746. When he was thirty-one years old he received his doctorate at the University of Konigsberg, then he started teaching. In 1770 after failing twice in trying to get chance to give a lecture and have rejected offers from other universities, he finally was appointed ordinary professor of logic and metaphysics. He taught at the university and remained there for 15 years, beginning his lectures on the sciences and mathematics, however over time he covered most branches of philosophy.
Most people don’t know much about Child Abuse, or the types of Child Abuse. One type of Child Abuse is called Emotional Abuse. Emotional Abuse is when people say something that is cruel, or intimidating. Another type is Physical Abuse which is when there is hitting, or beating involved in the abuse. A third type is Sexual Abuse which is when the abuser try’s doing things sexually with the child. The final type is Verbal Abuse which is when the abuser criticizes the child with hurtful words.