Education is important to somebody who has Autism. Children who are diagnosed autistic are taught in...
As reported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the rate of children being diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders has risen drastically, to an estimated 1 in 68 children. (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2014) In order to address this growing phenomenon, educators in the New York City Department of Education – the largest public school district in the country – conducted a study of the growing number of higher functioning children with ASD attending New York City public schools. “Led by District 15 Superintendent Carmen Farina, with support from Dorothy Siegel and Shirley Cohen, the group studied the research findings of the National Research Council’s rep...
Autism was once looked at very negatively patients with this disorder were not treated but placed in an institution. Because autism affects each individual differently each patient is treated individually and different forms of treatment will be effective. The best thing for these patients and loved ones of the patients are to stay informed on the disorder and know what their options are. Although a medical professional can suggest a type of treatment the patient/family members need to understand it is important to make the patient feel comfortable in the treatment that are participating in. It is important to remember that these patients with autism may have other medical conditions that need to be treated as well. Once a treatment is started that doesn’t mean it will always be the type of treatment that person will need. As the person reaches goals and gains experience in a skill the therapy may be adjusted to better suit the patient. Applied behavior analysis and the early start Denver model are two types of comprehensive early behavioral intervention that have shown many benefits (“How is autism treated,” n.d.) Applied behavior analysis (ABA) uses techniques to focus on learning (“How is autism treated,” n.d.) A technique that is used is positive reinforcement. Positive reinforcement is when a good behavior is followed by a reward leading to this behavior being repeated. ABA began in the 1960s and focused on working with children with autism since then it has developed into multiple types which now are suitable for all ages (“How is autism treated,” n.d.) The early Denver model is specifically for children ages 12 to 48 months old and focuses on learning and developmental techniques (“How is autism treated,” n.d.) Behavioral therapy such as floor time, pivot response therapy, and
How does this all relate to our psychology course? It touches every facet, perspective and methodology that we will cover in this course as well as further advanced studies of psychology. Children that are diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder exhibit deficiency to communicate and develop social relationships and are often accompanied by behavioral challenges. The psychologist provides a base line often with a psychological as well as a psychosocial evaluation. If a child does not show atypical development milestones by 18 months to 2 years of age, it is tantamount for parents to consider having their child evaluated. The psychologist conducts the evaluation. Observations of the child’s motor skills, receptive and expressive language, imaginative play and social interaction are noted. The psychologist’s professional training and knowledge of child development can pinpoint deficits in any of these areas and they can then recommend early intervention to focus on speech, o...
This Paper is going to examine Autism. What is Autism? Autism is a disorder that affects an individual brain, impacting their development, causing delays such as cognitive, Language, and behavioral (Karst & Vaughn, Van Heck, 2012). Autism is classified as DSM-IV-TR disorder (Blewitt& Broderick, 2015). Autism does not discriminate it can affect anyone regardless of their race or social background. The probability that a child may be impacted from autism is 1 out of 110 (Blewitt& Broderick ,2015). Child development is important to the field of human service. Autism is a disorder that signifies a child development is not progressing. Dating back to the 1960’s many social scientists such as Sigmund Freud and Piaget began to study the development
As the prevalence of Autism continues to grow rapidly, it is proven fact that Autism is the fastest-growing serious developmental disability in the United States. “On March 27, 2014, this surveillance study identified one in sixty-eight children (one in forty-two boys and one in one-hundred eighty-nine girls) as having Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD).” (DSM-IV, 2000). Eight-hundred thousand people younger than eighteen years are on record as having Autism Spectrum Disorder in the United States. Most children display abnormalities within the first year of life; although most are diagnosed with Autism between the ages of two and three. Boys are nearly five times more likely than girls to have Autism. However, females with the disorder are more feasible to exhibit serious mental retardation. There are “approximately seventy-five percent of children with Autism are mentally handicapped; meaning their IQ ranges from thirty-five to fifty. According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders IV (DSM-IV, 2000) research suggests that only a small percentage of individuals with Autistic Disorder go on as adults to live and work independently.” ( DSM-IV, 2000)
According to the New York City Department of Education, between 2009 and 2011, New York City had a twenty-eight percent increase in the number of students with autism between ages three and twenty-one (Shapiro, 2012). New York City also reported that 1 in 110 public students in grades kindergarten through 12th grade have a diagnosis of autism (Shapiro, 2012). In a survey done in 2008, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates that 1 in 88 children in the United States has been identified as having an autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a 78 percent increase from 2002 (Centers for Disease and Control, 2012). Boys are five times more likely than girls to receive a diagnosis of autism with a rate of one in 54 for boys compared to one...
I know a lot of you would like to know how common autism really is. Well, some of the statistics in the United States CDC showed that only around 1 in 88 children in the U.S. on the spectrum increased in 40 years. The studies also show that it’s four out of five times more common in boys than it is in girls (1 in every 54 boys). Keep in mind that it affects more than ten million worldwide. It is also the fastest growing developmental disability in the U.S. today, which can cost the average American family, $60,000 a year.
Autism occurs at many different ages and it is important to know the causes, effects, and solutions of this disorder. Autism is a persuasive developmental disorder (PDD). It causes delays in the development of basic skills (Autism Spectrum). Symptoms of this disorder are usually shown before the age of three. The symptoms range from mild to disabling severity (Autism Spectrum). Autism affects 1 in 88 children and 1 in 54 boys. The rate of children with this disorder is growing. More children have been diagnosed this year than those with diabetes, AIDS, etc. It is the fastest growing developmental disorder (Autism Speaks). There are ways to figure out when a child has autism and exactly how severe or mild it is. This is figured out by screening tests. Screening tests focus on three major statistical concepts: sensitivity, specifity, and PVV. These tests are not possible without the knowledge of these concepts (Benaron 32). At one point in time autism was considered to be a form of schizophrenia. By the 1960s it was finally classified as its own disorder (Freedman 10). However, in 1967, “infantile autism” was recognized as a disorder but still classified as schizophrenia (Freedman 12). Swiss psychiatrist, Ernst Bleuler, introduced the word “autistic” in 1909. However, he did not use it in the context it is used today (Benaron 3). Two people, Kanner and Asperger, were the first to use it I the concept it is used in today ( Benaron 3). Now, severe autism is also known as Kanner’s Syndrome. It can also be called infantile autism (Shore PG). There are people with higher scale autism and those with lower scale autism. People with higher scale autism are known to have “low functioning” autism, while those with lower scale autism have “ ...
If we look at the anatomical parts of the brain, we can notice differences in autistic children’s brain. According to Just, Cherkassky, Keller, Kana, and Minshew (2007), when autistic group was compared to control group, the functional connectivity was lower for the autistic participants between frontal and parietal areas, relevant parts of corpus callosum were smaller in cross sectional area and the size of the genu of the corpus callosum was associated with the functional connectivity of frontal-parietal. Applied Behavioral Analysis is one of the most widely used interventions working with children that have autism. ABA intervention is bases of the behavioral therapy that was introduced by B.F.Skinner, a spokesperson for behavior, who had a high interest in the concept of reinforcement. Behavior therapy is used for treating many psychological disorders among various patients. Therapists that utilize behavior therapy approach concentrate on observable behavior, learn present causes of the behavior, study what promotes change, match treatment strategies, assess and evaluate clients (Corey, 2005). Agencies that apply ABA intervention are implementing socially appropriate behaviors as well as teaching communication skills, provide services at children’s home. ABA based interventions are evidence based and are supported by research, have discrete trial training, shaping, pivotal response teaching, applied verbal behavior, and backward and forward chaining teaching methods. Speech therapy, which is based on teaching communication by using clear vocalized sounds of speech, is another intervention for children that have language deficits and is utilized mostly in elementary schools and sometimes, at homes also. Southwest A...