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The transition to democracy
Essays on security sector reform
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A security sector reform sounds like a very academic term and not something that would be seen often in situations. Well, as a boost of knowledge, it is something that has happened in many places around the world making it that one step better. What is a security sector reform you might ask? It is defined as a concept that first emerged in the 1990s in Eastern Europe, it generally refers to a process to reform or rebuild a state's security sector. That may sound like a mouth full so it translates as a movement that one country takes as itself to make it better and more secure or more beneficial for itself in the world today. The concept of a security sector reform is a like a present with all kinds of little things inside of it. As a security sector reform, some of the many things inside consist of: ways to begin one in transitional societies; deciding whether or not a country is capable of obtaining this reform; whether a country shall attempt the reform during war or post-war; and discovering the challenges and successes of the reform. To start off, each individual has an argument for the best way to go about reforming the security sector within transitional societies. As my own individual, I believe that it is best to build a military force that can uphold the laws and cultural beliefs of the people. Stated in John Moyibi Amoda’s column, “the security sector reform is in two phases, the first phase deals with the police, the second with Defense Establishment in the country.” Once the country has a law enforcement set, it allows creation of laws that will begin to reform the country and guide them to better. Take a pet for an example, when one is trying to train a young puppy it is more effective to have one authoritative figure rather than multiple rulers. If two different people are telling the puppy different things, then the puppy will not know or understand
The National Security State was challenged in the 1970s due to the diminished capacity of the United States to control world events, made evident by the defeat in Vietnam, and the unsustainable economic development that had started with president Lyndon B. Johnson and continued with president Richard Nixon. This challenge also impacted the Nixon administration and its decision-making process, including abuse of executive power, misleading the public, wiretappings of National Security Council employees, and justified it by saying “(…) freedom must sometimes be sacrificed for security.”
Your Imperial Highness, in order to move forward to revitalize the National Security Strategy, our interests and objectives need to be reexamined within the new domestic and international context. The morale of the German people is slipping, our food supply is limited, and the economy is tanking. Additionally, the UK has intercepted the telegram from Foreign Secretary Arthur Zimmerman to Mexican Ambassador Heinrich von Eckhart. It is not known how the United States will respond to this information.
After the professionalization of the Army, all soldiers are now responsible for keeping the Army balanced. “The Profession of Arms” dated 8 December 2010, states that while there are many aspects to balance within an institution as massive as the Army, two are of particular relevance to this discussion. The first is the balance between the Army’s four fields of expertise, military-technical expertise, human development expertise, moral-ethical expertise, and political-cultural expertise. The second is the relationship between the Army’s culture and climate and its institutional
In The National Security Strategy of the United States of America, George W. Bush begins by introducing the change in the United States government’s strategy from deterring terrorism and rogue states to a preemptive strategy by acting early before the national security of the United States or its allies is under immediate threat. Through making a reference to the conflict between liberty and totalitarianism in the twentieth century and how it ended in the victory of the forces of freedom, Bush emphasizes that the twenty-first century is a time where human rights and political and economic freedoms are the basis to guarantee future prosperity in countries that share the same principles of liberty. Bush also points out that the Unites States
...ented by decision-makers in crises. First, every group meeting should have a designated devil's advocate, who will point out potential risks. Second, special care should be taken so that no one agency or coalition of experts can monopolize the flow of incoming information. Janet Reno, by allowing the FBI to monopolize the information coming to her, made it almost inevitable that she would eventually do what the FBI wanted. Finally, the virtues which make the military such an effective international killing force--such as uniformity, obedience, and group cohesion--make it especially susceptible to groupthink. For this reason, the military should have no participation in law enforcement; quasi-military units such as the FBI's HRT and the BATF SRT should be thoroughly demilitarized, and should play, at most, a very subordinate role in law-enforcement decision-making.
...military is large enough, and the people poor enough, that there is no chance for the people to rebel, then the sovereign may do what he wills and the people will have to accept it. Order will be maintained. However, if the people’s beliefs are moving towards ones promoting rebellion or they have the material resources available too rebel then this will limit the sovereign and he will have act appropriately.
Merlingen, Michael. European security and defense policy: an implementation perspective, (2008). New York: Routledge publishers.
There are still issues with the post-Gaddafi Libya however there are numerous ways of fixing these problems. The main problems that need to be fixed are the security sector and the private sector. In order to fix the security sector, the government needs to employ the National Guard to h...
What was presented in Dr. Parenti’s book was a long list of reasons why criminal justice reform is at the top of the list, not just because we let billionaires torture the planet for the sake profit, but because a societal stigma still exists with the words “I’ve served time in prison.” America loves prison, it’s in our entertainment, our history and our culture, despite a drop in crime overall, prisons are being filled at record pace still and it ruins the chance for most to learn the lesson they were supposed to learn by being in jail in the first place.
A number of these changes would not of had to be made. If the education of the security officers and the training was better the changes would not of been made. Before September 11,th 2001 if airport security officers had could received the correct and important intelligence there would be less hijacking and issues on airplanes.( Robert R Raffel) Some of the officers were not trained to deal with certain situations and they didn't know how to handle the attack of September 11th,
Law reform refers to the methodology of scrutinizing existing laws, and prescribing and implementing changes in a legal system with the intent of augmenting justice and efficiency.
Weak and failed states share many common characteristics. One of the most common features of a weak state is the presence of persistent violence. This violence is in the form of civil wars and civil unrest, this is an indicator that a government has lost legitimacy as well as control over some parts of territory. Other features include a weak bureaucracy that is very susceptible to corruption especially corruption from non-state actors such as terrorists and warlords. As the government’s power and influence continues to decline, citizens turn to these non-s...
National security undeniably has a preponderant place in the political, economical and military agenda of each state. Therefore, the state has a paramount responsibility in the contexts of its own domestic and transnational security. Whatever may be the way the state adopts in order to protect itself and its citizens, it needs to be accord with an international system. In this sense the state tends to follow a specific model in terms of international relations. Focuses in the case of western societies in general, and more specifically the United States as the iconic model of the western world, states tend to favour a realist perspective in terms of national security. Albeit, what is exactly the realism theory in the national security field? According to Glaser the realist view proposes the achievement of most high standard quality of national security focused on the acquisition of superior grades of power among the relative states sparking the idea of the presence of an anarchical international system .
The Military Social Institution is one of the three Primary Social Institutions. The military was initially established to help protect, as well as unify a country, but since it’s development, it’s done so plus more. The Military as a social institution has led to domination and conquering of sorts, while trying to balance morals and justifications. Since the military is run by the government, it can be assumed that not only does this institution try to control and rationalize, but also continue to boil over into much of the other institutions.
Security is very important for many different reasons. A nation must insure their safety as a whole, as well as the persons living in the nation. It is equally important that the nation's economy is stable and growing. Security is something that every nation deals with, in many different ways. It is a way that nations come to together and create allies. However, it is also a way for nations to create enemies. There are a variety of concerns that require attention around the world including state security, human security, and economic security. Political and economic relations impact each of these security issues different proven by history and present events around the world.