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The concept of professionalism
Roles for PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION IN TODAY LIFE
The concept of professionalism
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Aids Epidemic Being a public administrator is an exceptionally demanding job. In the Aids epidemic case study, Dr. Gayle’s work with the Center of Disease Control highlights some of these challenges that public administrators face. In addition to highlighting the challenges that public administrators face, Dr. Gayle also makes a strong role model for future public administrators. In her work with the Center of Disease Control, she had to deal with various social, economic, and political trials. Dr. Gayle was able to overcome numerous challenges by using external support, her professionalism, and her own individual power. Not only was Dr. Gayle a successful leader, she was also effective at uniting people and organizations in order to achieve …show more content…
As exemplified in the case study of Dr. Helene Gayle, these resources offer strong support in dealing with all issues. Professionalism is using higher education, expertise, and specialization in order to gain support (Starling, 2011, p. 84). Dr. Gayle has plenty of professionalism and she utilizes it daily in her profession. One of the reasons why she was able to handle the political conflicts in the CDC was due to her reliance on her professionalism. She refers to herself as a ‘technocrat’ because she lets her medical background and expertise guide her decision-making as opposed to her political viewpoint (p.17). Dr. Gayle’s expertise gained her respect from her …show more content…
Gayle was able to use bases of her individual power to overcome all of the economic, social and political issues of addressing the Aids epidemic. The way in which Dr. Gayle used these powers was through her expert power and legitimate power. Extremely similar to professionalism, expert power is when a public administrator uses their skills and knowledge to lead others (Starling, 2011, p. 85). Not only did her medical knowledge of Aids assist her, her expert knowledge on different community also helped her to gain respect and power in the CDC. Dr. Gayle also had legitimate power. Legitimate power comes from a leader’s formal position (Starling, 2011, p. 85). Dr, Gayle was given legitimate power through her role as the director of the Washing CDC office, her role as the head of the National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention (NCHSTP), and lastly as her role as Senior Advisor to the Bill and Melinda Gates foundation. All of these titles and leadership roles gave Dr. Gayle power to impact various areas of policy on dealing with the Aids
The destruction and devastation caused by the 'Black Death' of the Middle Ages was a phenomenon left to wonder at in text books of historical Europe. An unstoppable plague swept the continent taking as much as eighty percent of the European population along with it (Forsyth).
Randy Shilts set out to make monumental changes in the world’s perspective of AIDS. He planned to enlighten, motivate, and educate the population on this tragic disease that has already claimed so many lives. He believed that virtually all the misconceptions about AIDS would be corrected and the public would insist that more be done to stop the epidemic. "I had hoped to effect some fundamental changes. I really believed I could alter the performance of the institutions that had allowed AIDS to sweep through America unchecked" (220). Shilts’s immense expectations positioned him for his inevitable sense of failure. He did not accomplished all that he had planned. AIDS was still spreading and people were still dying. "The bitter irony is, my role as an AIDS celebrity just gives me a more elevated promontory from which to watch the world make the same mistakes in the handling of the AIDS epidemic that I hoped my work would help to change"(220).
Steven Epstein is a sociologist whose expertise lies in health care inequalities and research on human subjects. Published in 1995, Impure Science: AIDS, Activism, and the Politics of Knowledge is a study of the politicized production of knowledge in the AIDS epidemic in the United States. This work shows Epstein’s interest in how expertise is constructed, the ways in which those who are considered “outsiders” can influence medicine, and how credibility is gained and lost. Epstein focuses on the question of how knowledge is produced through complex interactions among government agencies, pharmaceutical companies, scientists, medical people, and “treatment activists” to discover how knowledge about AIDS emerges out of what he calls "credibility struggles."
Professionalism is an adherence to a set of values comprising both a formally agreed-upon code of conduct and the informal expectations of colleagues, clients and society. The key values include acting in a patient's interest, responsiveness to the health needs of society, maintaining the highest standards of excellence in the practice of medicine and in the generation and dissemination of knowledge. In addition to medical knowledge and skills, medical professionals should present psychosocial and humanistic qualities such as caring, empathy, humility and compassion, as well as social responsibility and sensitivity to people's culture and beliefs. All these qualities are expected of members of highly trained professions.
The government played a major part in the AIDS situation. The government’s blood banks did not wish to check blood with a test developed by the CDC because it was not “cost-efficient.” The government also neglected the CDC of large sums of money needed in the pursuit of a cure or vaccine in the disease and thought more of dollar signs that the lives of people.
In 1981 the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention report first rare cases of what is seemingly pneumonia in young gay men. These cases were then grouped together and the disease known as AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) takes its root in American Society. This disease spread quickly and the events following are responses to the spread of the disease in America known as the AIDS Crisis, where the response of both the people and the government would impact and change society and American culture and lead to emergence of a gay identity, persecution and fear of those with the disease, marketing of safe sex, and the deterioration of class barriers.
Children with AIDS were prevented from going to school; infected adults lost their jobs, their families, and were shunned by a fearful society. Available testing for AIDS was underutilized by the gay population for fear of further social consequences. The government was finally forced to take action through media channels to manage the global threat to all people that AIDS not presented. Out of necessity to manage the virus and provide reassurance to those infected the government implemented privacy laws that protected the individuals who tested positive for the AIDS.
During junior year, my thinking on what being a professional was expanded greatly. I was still dressing according to code, coming in on time and making sure to show respect, but I really broadened what I viewed as being a professional. While I did not look up professional practices of the hospital during my time on the unit, I did ask the staff and faculty their policies which govern their interventions. During my time, I found out about the MEWS score, and how this is used to determine the severity of a patient’s condition, and if the need for intervention exists. I also found out about flushing a hep-loc, and really provided privacy to patients. I did have a HIV positive patient, but it was undetermined if the family with this person knew, so any mention of the disease was done out of hearing range. Professionalism took on a whole new meaning during this semester in that dressing and
The AIDS epidemic has reached disastrous proportions on the continent of Africa. Over the past two decades, two thirds of the more than 16 million people in the world infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), which causes AIDS, live in sub-Saharan Africa. It is now home to the largest number of people infected, with 70 percent of the world’s HIV infected population. The problem of this ongoing human tragedy is that Africa is also the least equipped region in the world to cope with all the challenges posed by the HIV virus. In order understand the social and economic consequences of the disease, it is important to study the relationship between poverty, the global response, and the effectiveness of AIDS prevention, both government and grass roots.
I share the opinion that the higher rate of HIV infection in the world stems in part from failure of personal responsibility and inattention to warnings from HIV/AIDS advocates, physicians and community organizations. However there are other elements that play an imperative role in the devastation that HIV/AIDS is causing in poor and minority communities according to the article “America’s Epidemic” by Gloria Browne Marshal.
HIV and AIDS have affected millions of people throughout the world. Since 1981, there have been 25 million deaths due to AIDS involving men, women, and children. Presently there are 40 million people living with HIV and AIDS around the world and two million die each year from AIDS related illnesses. The Center for Disease Control estimates that one-third of the one million Americans living with HIV are not aware that they have it. The earliest known case of HIV was in 1959. It was discovered in a blood sample from a man in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo. Looking further into the genetics of this blood sample researchers suggested that it had originated from a virus going back to the late 1940’s or early 1950’s. In 1999, researchers had discovered that HIV is derived from chimpanzees native to west equatorial Africa. This epidemic is spreading throughout countries and infecting 14 thousand victims every day. Learning about HIV includes knowing how to contract the virus, understanding most of the people it affects, how to prevent the spread of it, and knowing what treatments are available.
This study used content analysis to identify dominant AIDS-HIV themes in the manifest news content of AP, Reuters, AFP, ITAR-TASS, and IPS. A systematic random sample of AIDS-HIV stories disseminated by the five wire services between May 1991 and May 1997 (both months included) was obtained. This decade was selected because several empirical studies of coverage in the 1980s have been conducted; however, few studies examine the 1990s.
The study of public administration only continued to grow over the course of the next two decades. As the study of public administration expanded, so did the development of s...
No cure or vaccine now exists for AIDS. Many of those infected with HIV may not
"Society demands that the men who minister to its health be in the highest sense of the word professional men − professionally trained, professional in their ethics, professionally responsible. Society demands professional training and professional conduct of the men who minister to its needs in legal matters. The fact that society demands less of the men who minister through news to its knowledge and attitudes is one of the great and dangerous inconsistencies that give shape to the twentieth century (Schramm, 1947, p. 90)."