Concept analysis and concept development are the terms used to refer to the process of bringing clarity to the definition of the concepts used in nursing science. They are generally applied to the process of inquiry that examines concepts for their level of development as seen in their internal structure, use, representativeness, and relationship to other concepts, in the quest to promote better understanding. Much of the conceptual basis of nursing theory has been derived from already established concepts from other disciplines, and a re-examination of these concepts for relevance and fit to nursing, is important for determining its appropriateness of application (McEwen, 2007).
Albert Bandura first described the concept of self-efficacy in 1977 as the belief in one’s capability to execute the actions required to attain a goal. As a construct of self-efficacy, self-judged confidence can be defined as a judgment about one’s perception of ability. Confidence in one’s ability directly affects his/her performance. The ability to learn new skills and knowledge is also affected by an individual’s feeling of self-efficacy. Unlike self-esteem, self-efficacy can differ greatly from one subject or skill to another. Self-efficacy is dynamic because it can change over time as new experiences and new information is acquired. As self-efficacy increases so does one’s self-confidence. Self-efficacy provides the foundation for human motivation, well-being, and personal accomplishments (Leigh, 2008).
There are several techniques, methods, and strategies when it comes to concept analysis. The Wilson (1963/1969) method identifies 11 steps to use in concept analysis. Modifications to the Wilson method were addressed by Rogers (1989), Chinn and Kra...
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... lead to increased clinical performance and patient safety.
Works Cited
Bandura, A. (1994). Self-efficacy. In V. S. Ramachaudran (Ed.), Encyclopedia of human behavior (Vol. 4, pp. 71-81). New York: Academic Press. (Reprinted in H. Friedman [Ed.], Encyclopedia of mental health. San Diego: Academic Press, 1998).
Leigh, G. T. (2008). High-fidelity patient simulation and nursing students's self-efficacy: a review of the literature. International Journal of Nursing Education Scholarship, 5(1),
McEwen, M., & Willis, E. M. (2007). Theoretical basis for nursing. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Wagner, D., Bear, M., & Sander, J. (2009). Turning simulation into reality: increasing student competence and confidence+. Journal of Nursing Education, 48(8), 465-467.
Zulkowsky, K. (2009). Self-efficacy: a concept analysis. Nursing Forum, 44(2), 93-102.
McEwen, M., & Wills, E. M. (2011). Theoretical basis for nursing (3rd ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer Health Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Walker, L. O., & Avant, K. C. (1995). Strategies for theory construction in nursing (3rd ed.). Norwalk, CT:
McIntyre, M. & McDonald, C. (2014). Nursing Philosophies, Theories, Concepts, Frameworks, and Models. In Koizer, B., Erb, G., Breman, A., Snyder, S., Buck, M., Yiu, L., & Stamler, L. (Eds.), Fundamentals of Canadian nursing (3rd ed.). (pp.59-74). Toronto, Canada: Pearson.
Walker, L.O., & Avant, K. (2005). Strategies for theory construction in nursing (4th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
...and observing the consequences. The role of self-efficacy is also emphasized by Bandura; self-efficacy underlies people’s faith in their own abilities. Self-efficacy can be developed by paying close attention to past success and failures, positive reinforcement and encouragement from others also plays a role in developing self-efficacy. The social cognitive theory is unique among other learned personality theories in that the emphasis places on the reciprocity between individuals and the environments they find themselves in. Learning theorists have been accuses of oversimplifying personality to such an extent that is has become meaningless, this is because they ignore many of the internal processes that are inherently human. These criticisms are blunted somewhat by social cognitive approaches because it explicitly considers the role of the cognitive process.
Smith, M.J., Liehr, P.R., (2008) Middle Range Theory for Nursing. Second Edition. Springer Publishing Company LLC. New York, NY 10036
Also, Bandura focused on self-efficacy. Self-efficacy means that the individual will feel as if they are worthy of the best (Schultz & Schultz, 2013). “People low in self-efficacy feel helpless, unable to exercise control over life events” (Schultz & Schultz, 2013, p. 338). Although Antwone joined the navy, he was still haunted by his past. His models taught him to not enjoy being intimate with anothe...
Locke, Edwin A. (1997). Self-efficacy: the exercise of control. Personnel Psychology, 50 (3), 801-804. Retrieved May 2, 2011, from ProQuest Psychology Journals. (Document
On the other hand, I learned new concepts and terms. Simulation repeats some essential aspects of patient situation so that the situation may be understood and managed when it occurs in real clinical practice. Students in the school of nursing use the simulation learning center to learn and get experience in the field. The simulation is an educational process that requires the learner to demonstrate procedural techniques, decision making, and critical thinking. I learned that a simulation experience allows students to critically analyze their own actions and reflect on their own skill set. As a nursing student, I learned you have to complete clinical hours and practice in the simulation learning center. To become a certified nurse there are many training courses, exams to pass, and in the field experience to complete. Health professionals such as a nurse,
This essay is going to reflect upon the nursing skills I developed during a period of placement simulations, placing emphasis on oral care, communication with a non-engaging patient and bed bath. It will outline the fundamental aspects of clinical nursing skills that I have begun to acquire. This will also highlight the learning processes which took place and how it helped me to enhance my knowledge, and ethical values in order to deliver quality and safety of care. Using a variety of sources from current literature, I will use a reflective model to discuss how I have achieved the necessary level of learning outcome. By utilising this model I hope to demonstrate my knowledge and understanding in relation to these skills as well as identifying areas with scope for learning.
Walker, L. O. & Avant, K. C. (2011). Strategies for theory construction in nursing. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, Inc.
I believe that all nurses have felt a sense of uneasiness or fear when moving into uncharted territory in our nursing practice. It is an uncomfortable feeling when a skill that we have not utilized since a simulation in nursing school or a technique long forgotten after many years of neglect is needed. It reminds me of the low self-confidence look that is often seen in new nursing students as they walk into a patient’s room for the first time during clinical rotations.
Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: Toward a Unifying Theory of Behavioral Change. Psychological Review, 84, pp191-215.
The concept of self-efficacy is grounded in Bandura’s (1977) social learning theory. Bandura (1994) defines perceived self-efficacy as “people’s beliefs about their capabilities to produce efforts” (p. 71). In essence, one having strong self-efficacy experience increase in motivation, accomplishment, and personal well-being ( Bandura, 1994). Those with a low sense of self-efficacy, on the other hand, often suffer stress and depression; unbelieving of their capabilities and often succumbed to failure (Bandura, 1994).
Nursing theory can be defined as a conceptualization of some aspect of reality that pertains to nursing. The conceptualization is articulated for the purpose of describing, explaining, predicting, or prescribing nursing care (Smith & Parker, 2015). During the completion of my BSN, I gained knowledge on the very basics of nursing theory. Now during my completion of my MSN, it has been an eye opening experience to view nursing theory and its application to the nursing profession.