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Theoretical defination of self-efficacy theory by alberta bandura nursing
Self awareness in healthcare
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The Concept of Self-Efficacy Self-efficacy, for the purpose of this study, may be defined as a person’s optimistic self-belief. This is the belief that a person can develop the skills to perform new or difficult tasks to cope with changes in health and functioning. When a person perceives self-efficacy, it will facilitate goal-setting, effort, investment, persistence, overcoming obstacles and recovery from disappointments and failures. It can be regarded as a positive outlook or proactive way to handle stress factors. It is the ability to successfully cope with health changes, and implies an internal and stable acceptance of changes and ability to successfully adapt to those changes. Perceived self-efficacy is functional in relationship to behavioral change, and health care maintenance or improvement. In health care, the concept of self-efficacy is important in developing effective strategies for health education and interventions. Self-efficacy emerged from theories related to motivation, competence and a feeling of control. Rodgers’ (1993) stated that the “evolutionary” method of concept analysis is used in clarifying the concept of interest. By following this approach, abstract characteristics of a concept can be identified and grouped for the purpose of developing a clear and useful definition of the concept. Once the concept is defined, a model case can be described to demonstrate the concepts attributes, antecedents, and consequence. A literary search and a grouping of characteristics will be used to process a constant comparative analysis and to refine the data into a clear and concise definition appropriate for our use. The term effectance is used to describe the motivational aspect of competence. The theory of motivation is not solely based on the basic animal instinct of drive. People are motivated to behave in certain ways because they perceive themselves as being able to effect a desired change. As a persons behavior is repeated and actually effects the desired change a person is providing reinforcement of their confidence in their competence at effect the desired change. The person is energized by the concept of self-efficacy and it’s feeling of empowerment. (White, 1959). Empowerment and control are essential to elements to self-efficacy. According to Bandura, early social learning theory of behavioral change... ... middle of paper ... ...s all treatment and continues on the road of self-destruction. These examples show how self-efficacy in the health care field can be a valuable an necessary tool for improving health care, but like most concepts, self-efficacy is only as good as the person willing to practice it. It is not experienced by everyone and is impacted by self-esteem, self-confidence and many other variables. References Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: Toward a Unifying Theory of Behavioral Change. Psychological Review, 84, pp191-215. Gecas, V. (1989). The Social Psychology of Self-Efficacy. Annual Review of Sociology. 15, pp. 291-316. Maibach, E. & Murphy, D.A. (1995). Self-efficacy in Health Promotion Research and Practice: Conceptualization and Measurement. Health Education Research, 10 (1), pp. 37-50. O’Leary, A. (1985). Self-efficacy and Health. Behavioral Research & Therapy, 23, 437-451. Rodgers, L. & Knafl, K.A. (1993). Concept Development in Nursing: Foundations, Techniques, and Applications. (pp.73-92). Philadelphia, PA: W. B. Saunders. White, R.W. (1959). Motivation Reconsidered: The Concept of Competence. Psychological Review, 66 (5), pp. 297-331
Weaver , K., & Mitcham, C. (2008). Nursing Concept Analysis in North America State of the
Creasia, J., & Friberg, E. (2011). Conceptual foundations: The bridge to professional nursing practice. (5th ed.). St. Louis, Missouri: Elsevier Mosby.
Social cognitive theory is different from social learning theory because it takes into account cognitive processes including thinking, memory, language, and evaluating consequences. According to social cognitive theory, individuals play a part in their development (Malone, 2002). Cognitive patterns play a very large role in depression (Furman & Bender, 2003). For example, people don’t have a motivation to move forward in difficult times if they don’t believe they are able to do so. Self- efficacy is an important part of personal agency, and a main aspect in social cognitive theory (Bandura, 2001). A person’s perceived abilities and confidence play a part in what he or she does in his or her life. Cognition becomes a motivator or a hindrance, according to social cognitive theory. A person’s perceived self- efficacy helps determine what a person chooses to do, the amount of effort they put into it, and how long they can persist if there are barriers or failures that occur. How a person sees failure is also influential (Bandura, 20...
The key concept of the health belief model includes threat perception (perceived threat), behavioral evaluation, self-efficacy and other variables. The threat perception has very great relevance in health-related behaviors. This perception are measured by perceived susceptibility (the beliefs about the likelihood of contacting a disease) and perceived severity (the feeling about the seriousness of contacting an illness and leaving it untreated). The behavioral evaluation is assessed by the levels of perceived benefits (the positive effects to be expected), perceived barriers (potential negative aspects of a health behavior), and cues to action (the strategies to activated one’s readiness). The self-efficacy key concept was not originally included in of the health belief model, and it was just added in 1998 to look at a person’s belief in his/her ability to take action in order to make a health related change. The other variables that are also the key concepts of the model include diverse demography, sociopsychology, education, and structure. These factors are variable from one to another and indirectly influence an individual’s health-related behavior because the factors influence the perception...
Walker, L.O., & Avant, K.C. (2005). Strategies for theory construction in nursing. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.
Walker, L. O., & Avant, K. C. (1995). Strategies for theory construction in nursing (3rd ed.). Norwalk, CT:
Resnick, B. (2003). The theory of self-efficacy. In M. Smith & P. Liehr (Eds.), Middle Range
30). In 2001, Bearden et al. affirm that self-confidence is correlated with people’s behaviors and their decisions in general. Individuals who have solid self-confidence express high level of self-esteem, self-regard and more sense of pride to themselves (Chuang et al., 2013). Their tendency is more optimistic in most of circumstances (Rosenberg, 1979) and when they are facing complicated situations, self-confidence plays an important role in supporting their decisions (Bearden et al, 2001). The characteristics of self-confidence indicated by White (2009) are trusted in positive accomplishment (self-assertion and optimism), persistence (endurance, flexibility, goal setting and anticipation) and self-awareness (judgment, intrinsic part and worries). On the other hand, the low level of self-confidence will make people feel pessimistic and less self-respect, they can only view their inappropriateness, imperfection and valuelessness (Rosenberg, 1979). Some researchers determine the determinants of self-confidence as precise knowledge and self-efficacy (De Cremer & Van Hiel; 2008). Self-confidence is not an inborn attribute, it can be shaped and progressed through the experiences of figuring out how to encounter with the
Also, Bandura focused on self-efficacy. Self-efficacy means that the individual will feel as if they are worthy of the best (Schultz & Schultz, 2013). “People low in self-efficacy feel helpless, unable to exercise control over life events” (Schultz & Schultz, 2013, p. 338). Although Antwone joined the navy, he was still haunted by his past. His models taught him to not enjoy being intimate with anothe...
Self-efficacy refers to an individual’s belief in his or her capacity to execute behaviors necessary to produce specific performance attainments (Bandura, 1997). Self-efficacy works hand-in-hand with a student’s abilities to have self-control in their motivation, behavior and their social environment. In the classroom self-efficacy will be present in situations involving their overall behaviors and learning achievements. A student with good self-efficacy will show a good conscience when making decisions on their behavior, time management, and effort given throughout the course work that is given to them. This will be a case to case situation as everyone is different, but also will depend on the age of the
Hood, J. (2010). Conceptual bases of professional nursing. (7th ed. ed.). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
He indicated that self-efficacy is the judgement of one’s personal capabilities. It is dependant on how a person perceives their past performances as well as how they feel they will perform in the future (Luszczynska, Benight, Cieslak, 2009). Therefore, someone who has high self-efficacy, has confidence that they can successfully master a specific task. On the other hand, an individual with low self-efficacy does not feel confident in their abilities to perform a certain behavior or reach a particular goal. Bandura considered self-efficacy to be the most important aspect of behavioral change. As stated by Glanz & Rimer (2005), in order to increase self-efficacy, an individual must set achievable goals in increments that will have
Walker, L. O. & Avant, K. C. (2011). Strategies for theory construction in nursing. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, Inc.
The first solution depicted that the definition must be changed so that outcome expectancy would not influence self-efficacy rating, which integrate a phrase indicate a hypothetical expectation within the assessment to control the constancy of the expected outcome, with the use of the word “if”. A problem arose from this ways, as the outcome expectancy might not be held truly constant. The other solution required the theory to accept the influence of outcome expectancy on self-efficacy. However, in measuring self-efficacy through questionnaire, respondent answers may vary depends on the person’s definition to incorporate outcome expectancy in self-efficacy. Nevertheless, the author concluded that the presented solutions must be considered carefully and may be used in accordance to the purpose and view oneself. In conclusion, two important concepts from the socio-cognitive learning theory is reviewed and clarified, in order to figure out a practical implication in assessing
The concept of self-efficacy is grounded in Bandura’s (1977) social learning theory. Bandura (1994) defines perceived self-efficacy as “people’s beliefs about their capabilities to produce efforts” (p. 71). In essence, one having strong self-efficacy experience increase in motivation, accomplishment, and personal well-being ( Bandura, 1994). Those with a low sense of self-efficacy, on the other hand, often suffer stress and depression; unbelieving of their capabilities and often succumbed to failure (Bandura, 1994).