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Poverty and gender inequality
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It is not uncommon for women across the world to work both outside and within the home on any given day. Women 's work in the formal sector is necessary for economic survival, but their families cannot endure without the work they also put in at home. For many women, the workday does not end when they leave their jobs, but not till many hours later when the children, their spouses, and the home have been taken care of. Beneria and Sen refer to this as the “double day”. The reality of the double day holds important insights into understanding the ways in which the push for economic growth as the main form of development disadvantages women. In Naila Kabeer 's article, Gender, Poverty, and inequality: a brief history of feminist contributions
Beneria and Sen say, " male migration to urban areas in search of work have forced women in Ghana to take up additional tasks in subsistence agricultural production, lengthening and intensifying their work days" (288). This means that while men moved away from the home women were left to additionally, take over male positions in the field, and continue their work in agriculture, and at home. This is a concept Kabeer refers to a 'time poverty ' (194), where the amount of work one has significantly outweighs the amount of time they have to complete said work. Moreover, many women did not, or were not allowed to move with their husband 's to the urban centers due to the social connotations applied with being an urban woman (Boserup Chapter 9. 145). This revisits a previous point concerning how women 's social status, and role, plays into their freedoms and restraints in the economic center. If they are meant to be in the home, than being in the city not only physically places them outside of their designated space, but also culturally paints them as 'bad women ' who are defying their roles. The influence of urbanization as the epicenter of economic gains and growth is the final way the shift towards economic growth, as a form of development, damaged
Even Though women have revolutionized themselves in relation to the world many other aspects of society have not. This phenomenon, originally coined by Arielle Hochschild in her book The Second Shift, is known as the stalled revolution. In essence while female culture has shifted male culture has not. This has created an unequal, unfair and oppressive atmosphere for women across the nation. The title of Hochschild's book tells it all. The second shift refers to the second shift of work women are and have been burdened with at home. Although they have made enormous leaps within the economy and workforce their gender roles at home and within society remain the same. Male culture and their ideas of female gender roles have not progressed. As a result needs of females have not been met. Working mothers today work more than any other demographic, a rough estimate of this comes out to be a whole extra month of work consisting of twenty four hour work days.
Women had no choice but to follow whatever society told them to because there was no other option for them. Change was very hard for these women due to unexpected demands required from them. They held back every time change came their way, they had to put up with their oppressors because they didn’t have a mind of their own. Both authors described how their society affected them during this historical period.
As many women took on a domestic role during this era, by the turn of the century women were certainly not strangers to the work force. As the developing American nation altered the lives of its citizens, both men and women found themselves struggling economically and migrated into cities to find work in the emerging industrialized labor movement . Ho...
Thesis Statement: Men and women were in different social classes, women were expected to be in charge of running the household, the hardships of motherhood. The roles that men and women were expected to live up to would be called oppressive and offensive by today’s standards, but it was a very different world than the one we have become accustomed to in our time. Men and women were seen to live in separate social class from the men where women were considered not only physically weaker, but morally superior to men. This meant that women were the best suited for the domestic role of keeping the house. Women were not allowed in the public circle and forbidden to be involved with politics and economic affairs as the men made all the
There are nearly as many women as there are men working, yet, as it was discovered in 2011, on average, a woman will only earn seventy-seven cents for every dollar that a man earns. Women owned businesses make up for over a quarter of all national businesses and earn more than one point two trillion dollars (“Assessing the Past, Taking Stock of the Future” 6). Since many women are now becoming are the primary sources of income in the household, making less that a man does not only negatively affect families, but also the overall economy suffers as well. These women, among many others, are the ones who end up purchasing the supplies that go toward improving communities and stimulating the economy. There is no reason that the general public should stand for this. Women should be treated equally to men in today’s American society based on their biological compositions, psychological profiles and contributions to history.
Poverty can be defined in many different ways. It is described as the state of being extremely poor. It is hunger, lack of shelter, lack of resources, decline in mental and physical health, not having a job, lack of power and representation. It is living one day at a time and fear of looking towards the future. Poverty is a significant threat to women’s equality. More women live in poverty than men, and women’s experience of poverty can be harsher, and more prolonged. Women are often left to bear more burden of poverty which results in the “feminization of poverty”. The goal of this paper is to identify key aspects of alleviating poverty specifically for women, by means of government assistance programs.
Woman in the current society of the 21st century have raised above the old fashioned concept of being simply a home maker, housekeeper, or stay at home mother. Through the decades women have triumphed over suppression to gain the rights and privileges to express and excel their intellect and ambitions to climb corporate ladders and gain the right to vote, run companies and become political leaders and role models.
In a family, women hold most of the commitment in keeping it together and the men are known to be the budgetary suppliers of the family. Women fill the role of the mother, lover, nurturer, the cook, and the cleaner. This is a staggering measure of work that she should go up against, yet over the long haul the male assumes the acknowledgment in his tendency of supporting the whole family. Since we have these desires of women and men, we disparage the capacity to attempt new things. For instance, if a woman goes out to land a position in a work field, she will be isolated against due to her sex. Furthermore, it is likewise accepted that men won't deal with the family unit duties as a women. With this a gender inequality in the family life, women and men are dealt with contrastingly past their home. Women are out of the house doing her piece of the shopping and men are out working completing things and getting paid for it. It is this part of getting paid for work that is over looked in the female point of view. Women do not get paid to hold the obligation of the family household foundation; they get the affirmation that she is doing what is instructed of her. This is gender inequality disparity that influences for the most part the women. This underestimation of woman in the workforce, suggests to society that she is strange and is dealt with so
Feminization of poverty is when there is an increase in the proportion of females that fall into the low income or poverty population. Also, it is the social process in which the proportion of low income females becomes higher than the proportion of low income males. This issue not only important
The inequality of genders is a factor to the issue of poverty. Many nations are trying their best to fix the issue of gender inequality. Gender inequality is very visible in the primary and secondary levels of education in Ghana. The amount of boys always tends to outnumber the girls. Due to the fact that many women do not have any educational background, they either end up trading or get engaged in agriculture activity. In sub-Saharan Africa, women are barely recognized in issues that are non-agriculture. About 64% of women are mainly employed in the agriculture sector. The low employment level of women makes poverty a stronghold in the household of women. Women tend to not get enough income to support themselves and their families, especially when they are single parents or the man is unemployed. Women also tend to face low employment rates, and those with a good education, who have the chance of being employed, rarely get the opportunity. The women who are lucky enough to get employed are rarely promoted due to their
Society has gender specific roles expected for women and men. Women are limited to the traditional roles of cleaning, cooking, and taking care of children. Patriarchal society, in which men rule, imposes these roles on women (Harrison, 302). Men run institutions and make the laws. In fact, social institutions have an impact on the relationship between labor and gender. Different types of jobs are associated with both genders. Society sees women as caring and emotional. Therefore, expects that women will choose careers such as nurses, teachers, or flight attendants. When it comes to men, society sees them as powerful and without emotion, associates them with power and authority, and expects them to be lawyers, doctors, or chief executive officers. This is a source of inequality because these different associations to jobs generate income differences. Men produce more money than women do because there are fewer women engaging in politics or business careers. Women are not socially expected to perform these jobs: “While women represent 50 per cent of the world population, they perform nearly two thirds of all working hours, receive one-tenth of world income and own less than 1 per cent of world property” (Harrison, 296). Women are as smart as men are, yet they do not have the opportunities to prove that. From a radical theory
The way women were viewed has changed, from being close to slaved by their spouses, to working and demanding alongside them. According to the Ibo culture in Things Fall Apart, women didn’t and couldn’t have the high status they hold today, there were obedient, wouldn’t speak for themselves and followed every order their husband command. Therefore were just taken for granted in the village. “In those days a good woman was basically seen as a wife and mother who spoke when she was spoken to, brought up the children and maintained the “home front.”” (1). Today's modern society in Nigeria had changed for many women, not a huge change, but big enough that the women had more freedom and rights. “Women still have fewer legal rights than men.” (4). Women aren’t as liberated as you think, but they no longer have to answer to anybody but themselves. The values and needs of women has been incorporated into the society and will continue to upgrade throughout a large number of
Feminism is the belief in social, economic, and political equality between men and women. For many years women have strived for equality with men, and feminism is helping women to achieve that mark. The issue of feminism has been a part of the culture since the American Revolution, which will be discussed. Feminism is helping the world to expand its growth by providing equal opportunities to both men and women. There has been a drastic change due to feminist approaches to problems faced by women in the social, economic, and political world. So the progress of women from ‘homemakers’ to ‘breadwinners’ is an answer to gender inequality, which indeed existed in society but is now being slowly demolished by feminist approaches.
However, women have made optimistical progress towards equality and their role in the society has been changed dramatically since the last century. Many women stepped out of their home and start to work at factories and offices. The number of working women with children has more than doubled in the past 50 years. While working conditions for women may have improved, there is a lack of appreciation for the notion that work for most women doesn't end at the door of a factory or office. Despite an increase of women's participation in the labour force, women's share of housework has hardly changed in 50 years.
So without women there towns would be possied and have demon babies . This strong input on cultural roles in the african people probably have the biggest role, only a some are picked not all .Although women play an important role in African society, they suffer legal, economic and social constraints. some laws still treat them as a little kid . That show how wrong they treat beautiful african queens . ‘Women are known to grow 80% of food in Africa, and yet few are allowed to own the land they work on. It is often more difficult for women to gain access