Although, Namibia is classified as an upper-middle income country with a per capita gross national income of about $ 8500, according to the International Monetary Fund, it still faces many development challenges related and similar to those faced by less developed countries. While the country has recently gone through considerable economic increase , with a growth rate increase of 3.6 percent in 1993 to 12 percent , before declining gradually to 5 percent in 2004 ( with the exception of a contraction 1 , 1 percent in 2009 ) , currently the unemployment rate stood at 27.4 percent according to the Namibia Labour Force Survey.
Unemployment presents a stressed spatial and gender dimensions. It is higher in urban areas (28.3 percent) than in rural areas (26.2 percent), women (31.8 percent) than men (22.9 percent), and in youth 20 to 24 years and 25 to 29 years (48.55 percent and 33 percent, respectively). In part, this reflects the inequalities in access to productive resources such as land and capital. Nationally, the proportion of poor people has fallen, from 69 percent in 1993-1994 to 38 percent in 2004-2005, and more recently, to 29 percent in 2009-2010. The data referred to in part explains the marginal decrease in the Gini coefficient of 0.6455 in 1993-1994 to 0.6003 to 0.5971 in 2003-2004 and 2009-2010, and the low ranking of the country in the rate of (HDI), which was ranked 128 out of a total of 187 countries in 2012
Namibia´s economy is small and open. It largely depends on extractive industries and limited processing of minerals for export as well as income from international trade agreements through the Southern African Custom Union. Nevertheless, the major contribution to GDP is very unstable. In 2012, Mining and quar...
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...Knowledge attitudes and practices study on factors and traditional practices that may perpetuate or protect Namibians from gender based violence and discrimination.
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Over one billion people are living in poverty, lacking safe water, housing, food, and the ability to read. There is a high concentration of communities in poverty in Africa; particularly Central Africa. States that are considered in Central Africa are the following: Cameroon, Democratic Republic of Congo, Central Republic of Africa, Chad, Equatorial Guinea and the Congo. The majority of these Central African states’ economies are dependent on agriculture. As a result of this dependency, natural disasters, droughts and wars can displace subsistence farmer from their land resulting in poverty becoming even more prevalent and harder to come back from. Also with a history of dependency on farming there tends to be the trend of education not being a primary focus for the youth which is another factor into the stagnant poverty trend in Central Africa.
Krishna, Anirudh, et al. "Escaping Poverty And Becoming Poor In 36 Villages Of Central And Western Uganda." Journal Of Development Studies 42.2 (2006): 346-370. Business Source Complete. Web. 20 May 2014.
There are a multitudinous number of both economic and social difficulties associated with unemployment. One fundamental reason why the government particularly stresses on reducing unemployment levels is as a result it poses a great cost on the economy. Not only does it affect the economy, but also it poses a great threat towards the living standards of the unemployed people itself. This could lead to many receiving less or no income based on whether or not they receive unemployment welfare benefits from the government. Reduction in income, would lead to a less disposable inc...
...an HDI of 0.36. These discrepancies in levels of development have led to an exodus of people, from less developed areas to the areas that have been benefitted by development. This situation seems to depict that predicted by the Dependency theory in which the developed countries progressed due to the exploitation of peripheral nations; the same seems to be happening in India. The states that are wealthier are exploiting the poorer states. It would be difficult to imagine India having the economic status that it now has, if it was not for the terrible working conditions and wages at which the Indians are willing to work and the massive work force available in the country. Now that India has seen economic growth the government should start taking care of its citizens by implementing policies that protect the labor rights of the workforce.
In this essay, I will be talking about how the changes in demographic characteristics of Indonesia over the past 10 years can affect its economy in terms of unemployment, GDP (Gross Domestic Product), and poverty. Unemployment is an economic condition marked by the fact that individuals seeking jobs but remained unhired. A country's GDP is the total market value of all final goods and services produced in a country. Poverty is when the income of people is below the GNP (Gross National Product) per capita of a country with scarcity of means and subsistence.
United Nations Development Fund (2009) Ending Violence against Women, A new volume of case studies explores what works. Available from: http://www.unfpa.org/public/News/pid/1967. Accessed on April 2014
People need money to purchase all kinds of goods and services they needed every day and sometimes, for goods or services they desire to own. To fulfill that, they have the essential need to earn money. In order to earn money, they must work in either in fields related to their interests or to their qualifications. However, people will meet different challenges during their jobs-hunting sessions, such as many candidates competing for a job vacancy; salaries offered are lower than expected salaries and economic crisis or down which causes unemployment. Unemployment is what we will be looking into in this report. Dwidedi (2010) stated that unemployment is defined as not much job vacancies are available to fulfill the amount of people who want to work and can work according to the current pay they can get for a job they chose to work as. There are four major types of unemployment: frictional, structural, cyclical and seasonal unemployment.
Unemployment has always been something that Americans have worried about since the great depression in which one in every four people was unemployed. High unemployment has an impact on every one even those whom are still currently employed. For example if the unemployment rate is particular high then even those with jobs get worried. Unemployment is also separated in to distinct categories base on which group is the focus of the study. The categories can be by race, age or location, for example the unemployment rate of those between the age of sixty and sixty-five could be compared those between the ages of thirty and thirty-five. These categories allow economist to see which groups are the best and which groups are worst off. One group particularly bad off is the age group referred to as teenagers. This paper is going to focus on how teenage unemployment affects the economy and what possible solutions there are.
Throughout history, poverty has been affected by many historical, social and political factors. These factors have not only influence debates about the’ worthiness’ of a person, but the role of government in poverty. Thus, in this essay, we will discuss how social and other dilemmas has affected poverty in the Unites States and maintain individual from addressing poverty at a large scale level.
A large amount of people in poverty live on the streets of Ghana. The economy is steadily increasing about 7 percent each year. Poverty continues to be a consistent problem in specific areas of Ghana. The poverty rate in urban areas at 10.6 percent is nothing related to 37.9 percent in rural areas. Almost four million children continue to live below the poverty line, and the poverty reduction is not keeping up with the population growth. The population in Ghana is 28.21 million. A child in Ghana is about 40 percent more likely to be in poverty than a Ghanaian adult. The main causes of poverty in Ghana are lack of education, poor environment, bad character or morals, ignorance, greed and selfishness. Poverty in Ghana is also politically, culturally, and religiously driven. At least 45 percent of the population in Ghana lives on less than $1.25 a day. The highest proportion of food in households is in the upper east region, where 27 percent of households are at risk of hunger. Many of the major
Peacock, D. (2004). The Men as Partners Program in South Africa: Reaching Men to End Gender-Based Violence and Promote Sexual and Reproductive Health. International Journal of Men's Health, 173-188.
The majority of South Africans are unemployed and therefore can’t satisfy their needs and wants, and also their children’s needs and wants, thus more than half of South Africa’s children live in poverty.