Urbanization And Urban Growth

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CHAPTER TWO
2. Literature Review
2.1 Urbanization
This subtitle deals with the definition of urbanization in detail as well as the past, current and future of urbanization at world, Africa and Ethiopia. Urban background, planning history and previous studies made on Addis Ababa are also reviewed under the subtitle.
2.1.1 Definition of Urbanization and Urban Growth
Urbanization: the definition of urbanization and urban areas vary from place to place and country to country (Mason, 1989; Frey and Zimmer, 1998; Sudhira, 2008; Rui, 2013; Wray et al., 2013; UN, 2014). The word ‘urban’ has its root in a Latin word ‘Urbanus’ meaning city dwellers (Sudhira, 2008), and urbanization can be defined as the increasing proportion or percentage of peoples …show more content…

The precise definition is given as “the process through which a city changes its spatial structure as a result of an increase in population and normally but not necessarily accompanied by the expansion of its urbanized area.” (Reis et.al, 2015 p. 1941).
Various theories and models explain the growth and evolution of urban expansions. Cheng, et al. (2003) state urban growth as a complex system of physical expansion and functional change i.e. physical expansion refers to the change in space– transition from non-built-up to urban whereas functional change refers to the change in major land-uses activities. It explains that space and activity should be the basic elements of any system defined for urban growth/expansion and the evolution of urban growth (G) is the result of three major systems (P, U & N).
N -is developable Non-urban system U- is developed urban system at time …show more content…

Until recent times, there was no comprehensive guiding urban plan in the country. Now, the government of Ethiopia prepared a strategic urban plan that covers the whole regions of the country based on their capacity and suitability for future development. It looks like plan of agglomeration in indicating the future urban expansion of current major urban centers including Addis Ababa with eight urban clusters (NCE, 2015): Mekele-Combolcha Industrial corridor, Lake Tana Development Area, Dire Dawa- Jigjiga International trading Cluster, Gambela Regional Export Hub, Addis Ababa National capital area, Jimma Agricultural Commercial Hub, Hawassa Southern Economic Cluster and Degeh-Bur kebri Dehar Corridor as the preferred

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