COMMUNITIES & URBANIZATION
Introduction
George Murdock once said that a community is one of the two truly universal units of society organization, the other one being family (Schaefer, 461). We are all part of a community, and in many cases, we are a part of multiple ones. In chapter 20 of our textbook, we are looking at communities and urbanization. It discusses urbanization and how communities originate. It also looks at the different types of communities. Communities are defined as “a spatial or political unit of social organization that gives people a sense of belonging” (Schaefer, 548). It can be based on a place of residence, such as a city, neighborhood, or a particular school district. It could also be based on common identity, such as gays, the homeless, or the deaf.
Lets take a look at communities and urbanization through the functionalist perspective, the conflict perspective, and symbolic interaction. According to the functionalist perspective, communities are very much structured to maintain their stability as a society. When you look at such things as urban ecology, it is a prime example, because it looks at how different elements in urban areas contribute to stability (Schaefer, 464). According to the conflict perspective, communities are very much structured in a way that separates different communities by certain conflicts. You have the upper class of a community, and then you have the lower working class. You have black and Jews, and then you have the KKK. All these things cause different communities to be separated and structured to unify each different community. One very example of the conflict perspective in this chapter is new urban sociology. Symbolic interaction can be viewed many different ways according to communities. Anywhere from the upper class using very proper etiquette and high posture, to gays wearing a piercing only on their right ear. You also have your working class that may look older and more rigid than the officials and owners of companies who have not had to do a lot of manual work throughout their lives. The list can go on and on. All of these are ways that symbolic interaction helps to set up different communities.
How did communities originate?
A community is a spatial or political unit of social organization that gives people a sense of b...
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Conclusion
In this chapter, we learned about how different communities were developed. We learned about preindustrial cities, industrial cities, and postindustrial cities. We learned the process of urbanization through the functionalist and conflict perspectives. We also learned about the many different types of communities that there are. Communities are found everywhere. No matter where you go, you will always find yourself in a community of some sort, and you will always belong to a community somewhere, whether it be residential or political, or both. It’s amazing to think about all the different types of communities there are in this world, and which types of communities you yourself might be associated with.
RESOURCES
Armour Vivian. Personal Interview: Treasure of a Small Town School. 18 Nov. 2004.
Asset-Based Community Development Institute. http://www.northwestern.edu/ipr/abcd/abcdbackground.html
Co-Intelligence Institute www.nwu.edu/IPR/abcd.html
Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. Date Accessed 18 Nov. 2004
Schaefer, Richard T. Sociology 8th Edition
The American Heritage. Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition. 2000. Houghton
A community is comprised of a group of goal oriented individuals with similar beliefs and expectations. Currently the term is used interchangeably with society, the town one lives in and even religion. A less shallow interpretation suggests that community embodies a lifestyle unique to its members. Similarities within the group establish bonds along with ideals, values, and strength in numbers unknown to an individual. Ideals and values ultimately impose the culture that the constituents abide by. By becoming part of a community, socialization...
Recognition, response and treatment of deteriorating patients are essential elements of improving patient outcomes and reducing unanticipated inpatient hospital deaths (Fuhrmann et al 2009; Mitchell et al 2010) appropriate management of the deteriorating patient is often insufficient when not managed in a timely fashion (Fuhrmann et al 2009; Naeem et al 2005; Goldhill 2001). Detection of these clinical changes, coupled with early accurate intervention may avoid adverse outcomes, including cardiac arrest and deaths (Subbe et al. 2003).
Featherstone, P., Prytherch, D., Schmidt, P., Smith, G. (2010). ViEWS: towards a national early warning score for detecting adult inpatient deterioration. Resuscitation, 81(8), 932-937.
Community is defined as a group a people living in an area under the same conditions. Realistically, a community is so much more than this definition. It is people and their different beliefs that form a community. In the town of Milagro, Amarante Cordova, Ruby Archuleta, and a town coming together to rescue a fellow community member from jail exemplify the true spirit of what community is.
Conceptually Kurbin (2009) noted that there are a wide variety of things in which constitute a neighborhood, therefore making it quite difficult to conceptually define. Kurbin (2009) also noted that in terms of operationalization, neighborhoods are often measured in different measurements, thus making the boundaries of a city often difficult to track and measure. What constitutes a neighborhood and how a neighborhood should exactly be measured are issues associated with social disorganization theory that have yet to be fully resolved (Kurbin,
Community is like a Venn diagram. It is all about relations between a finite group of people or things. People have their own circles and, sometimes, these circles overlap one another. These interceptions are interests, common attitudes and goals that we share together. These interceptions bond us together as a community, as a Venn diagram. A good community needs good communication where people speak and listen to each other openly and honestly. It needs ti...
107). This is a particularly important and prominent concept, as it brings forth the idea that a community is a collection of people who ultimately hold a shared set of universal desires and attitudes. It highlights the issue that intra-personal conflicts within the community will be shifted aside or “defined” away, in order to keep the feeling of community. This can be seen in other situations – in school, for example, groups of children will often define away, or sweep aside their conflicts, in order to keep the larger system running smoothly. When they don’t, problems arise. This definition of community brings attention both to the whole, but also to the individuals, as it realises that in a community there are going to be cases where people do not cooperate, but realise that the needs of the whole are greater than the needs of an
Sense of community has been operationalised as a state like entity, and as the outcome of certain social processes. As such, a conceptual framework has been developed that allows understanding of the way people are socialised into their communities and maintain, or fail to establish and maintain, social engagement. This has also been understood in terms of process analysis of social change. Its linkage to power is important, as it helps define the setting in which power is used and is less likely to be abused. From a process perspective, sense of community is a changing feature of people’s relationships to others, and as such can be a barometer of change in 18 18 community. It can be beneficial in helping people create a sense of identity and a resilience to untoward social change. As a central aspect of the development and maintenance of social connectedness, it is useful in conceptualising adaptive and protective factors for positive life in community. Sense of community can also be associated with negative aspects of social life. The nature of exclusion of ‘others’ can lead to harmful social consequences. Local social cohesiveness can be at the expense of minority groups and newly arrived immigrant groups. It can provide an analytic tool
This essay aims to provide a discussion of vital signs and how they are relevant to contemporary nursing practice. This is done by;
A community is where a group of people live in the same place and at times share things in common. Today there are different types of communities such as traditional and modern. An example of a traditional community today is an Amish community. There are two types of communities which are discussed in the film The Village. The two types that are seen are Gemeinschaft which is similar to a traditional community and Gesellschaft is similar to a modern community.
Ideas and social networking has evolved to fight the constant moral erosions and sense of obligation that ceased to exist in many American communities and small towns. Community is the idea of guardianship and service outside of oneself; therefore, it is in direct opposition to greed and the self-preservation movement of me, myself, and I.
Herbert Gans’ Urban Villagers clearly outlines his interactions and observations within a small and typically inaccessible community by inserting himself into its physical space and engaging with the individuals that make up that community. His original inquiry, as stated in the preface of the book, was to “study a slum, and to study the way of life of a low-income population” (Gans 1962). He hoped to understand why the West End was being demolished, and how the people of the West End were to blame for the destruction of their homes. However, instead of answering his original question, Gans found that he uncovered a larger systemic issue of the way labeling of certain areas of a city could impact the longevity of that physical space and its community.
According to Geertz (1973) a society can be defined as ̒ the actual arrangement of social relations.̓ Due to the fact that societies can be influenced by a number of factors, there are likely to be several social problems in each community. Moreover, these problems can lead to deteriorated conditions especially if governments and organisations do not act toward them. Regarding this significant connection between individuals and their communities, it is worth investigating these problems in order to reach some solutions or reduce the noticeable effects of these issues. This essay will limit itself to the predicaments appearing above the age of in British cities. In general, these cities usually suffer from three main problems.
In the 1971 Webster Dictionary the last part of the definition reads, or region linked by common interests. In today’s society most people living in a community aren’t linked by common interests. A lot of people have different interests, beliefs, and way they go about living their lives from their neighbors. A more accurate definition, is, a group of people living in the same locality and under the same government (Dictionary.com). Now wouldn’t that definition be more suitable? It probably best describes most of today’s community actually. Take for example here at Michigan State. There are people most all different cultures, backgrounds, and sexual preferences (please don’t take to offense). Communities are just, for the most part, made up of people who live around each other. They may not like each other, or be like each other but one common interest they do same is they all have dreams.
A Community can be defined as a group of people who don’t just live in the same area, but also share the same interests, experiences and often concerns about the area in which they live. Often when individuals have lived on a street or in an area for a while they become familiar with each other and the issues surrounding them. Children often attend the same schools and grow up together, again sharing similar experiences. In some instances adults may work together, and quite commonly all community members will share the same doctors, dentists, hospitals, health visitors and other public services and facilities.