The Physics of a Diesel Engine
The world we live in is surrounded by diesel engines. They are on the freeways, railways, airways, and are one of the leading electricity producers in the world. They are also becoming more popular in automobiles. These engines are efficient and reliable and they are getting very sophisticated. However, the physics behind these engines has not changed.
By way of definition, courtesy of Diesel Engine
Engineering: [a] diesel engine is an internal combustion engine in which the chemical energy of fuel is transformed into thermal energy of the cylinder charge, in consequence of the self-ignition and combustion of fuel in the engine cylinder after compression of the air charge in the cylinder (p1 Makartchouk).
There are basically two types of diesel engines, two-stroke and four-stroke. In a two-stroke engine the piston is forced from the top of the cylinder by the expanding air fuel mixture. Before the piston reaches the bottom of the cylinder the used mixture, (called exhaust), is forced out of the cylinder by the incoming fresh air. The fresh air relies upon a blower, air induction system, to propel it into the combustion chamber. During this time period the piston begins to travel to the top of the cylinder and compress the fresh air sufficient to raise the temperature in the combustion chamber, (area between the top of the cylinder and the cylinder head at top dead center), to 1000-1200 degrees Fahrenheit (p12 Dagel). The fuel is then injected under pressure into the combustion chamber, the air ignites the fuel and the gases begin to expand finishing one cycle.
A four-stroke engine begins the same way as the two-stroke with the expanding gases pushing the piston downward, called the ...
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...n chamber rises dramatically. The combined fuel and air molecules bounce off one another and since the path of least resistance is the piston, the piston moves downward creating mechanical work.
Applying physics to something in everyday use creates a new appreciation for what actually happens when you step on the accelerator pedal or see a truck pulling 40,000 plus pounds up a steep incline. With even a basic study of physics my worldview has changed. I now look at that cold piece of cast iron sitting in an engine compartment on a molecular level.
Works Cited
Dagel, John F., and Robert N. Brady. Diesel Engine and Fuel System Repair. Ohio: Prentice Hall, 2002.
Kirkpatrick, Larry D., and Gerald F. Wheeler. Physics A World
View. Florida: Harcourt College Publishers, 2001. Makartchouk, Andrei. Diesel Engine Engineering. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 2002.
Diesel mechanics fix and maintain every part associated with the diesel engine. There are many different branches of diesel technology which can include construction and farm equipment, over the road trucks, light duty pickups and stationary engines to name a few. A mechanic must be familiar with major brands of engines like Cummins and Cat. They can perform simple tasks of swapping out a bad component to completely overhauling an engine. The median pay for mechanics is “$42,320 per year or $20.35 per hour (United States).” When overtime hours are reached mechanics receive one and a half times pay for work performed. Negative parts of the job are the amount of overtime hours, the dirtiness of the work, and the cost of tools. Positive parts of the job are overtime pay, hands on, and traveling for work. The job outlook for growth in the diesel field “is projected to grow 9 percent from 2012 to 2022, about as fast as the average for all occupations (United States).” The field of diesel mechanics is still growing today and will continue for a...
The piston is pushed upward by the flywheel's momentum, compressing the air/fuel mix. 3. Combustion: As the piston reaches the top of its stroke or TDC, the spark plug fires, igniting the mixture. Due to the high compression of this mixture, it is very volatile and it explodes when the spark is introduced. This pushes the piston downward and produces power.
Habjanec, Davor. "Detroit Diesel DD15™ Engine." 22 February 2008. Interesting Energy Facts. Article. 6 May 2014.
Process 1-2: Isothermal compression. Cold piston compresses the working fluid within the compression volume. This increases the pressure of the system at a constant temperature.
This hot gas is pushed out through the back and it makes the rocket move forward. This is using Newton's third law of
Prior to 1978, both manufacturers and customers had paid little attention to quality of diesel. Later, they have been realizing the importance of quality. Under-quality products may cause customers to lose production time due to engine breakdown. They may also cause manufacturers to delay engine production and incur high cots in repairing. So quality will have more and more significant implications for future business of all manufacturers including Longxi.
With new diesel technology in today’s world, I think people should consider trying or using new diesel cars and trucks as well as the use of clean diesel.
In fig 4-21 the flow of the fluid flows through the valve to the right end of the actuating cylinder.It force the piston to the left. Simultaneously on the left of the piston force out the fluid. It goes up through the selector valves and back to the reservoir.
Muhammad was a revolutionary man. His message was that all must return to the worshipping of only One True God, Allah. Muhammad was a leader, who persuaded, legislated and fought for the purpose of religious reformation upon many nations. His other utterances and activities complemented and often shed light on obscure versus. Both the Qur'an and his sayings (hadiths) entered history as textual inspirations in renewed contexts and novel circumstances, whereby worldly and scholarly historicity never ceased to throw up innovative interpretations. (Coueiri,1990) This essay will focus on Muhammad and how he came to revolutionize Islam. I will discuss the tremendous impact he had on his people by writing about the methods of his revolution and the positive intentions he had from the start. In addition, I will place an emphasis on how Muhammad influenced the population and swayed his adversaries. Overall, by examining Muhammad's methods in achieving the faith of his followers, we may conc...
In my undergraduate years, I have acquired a strong background in the fundamentals of basic mechanical engineering, having studied subjects such as Strength of Materials, Thermodynamics, Fluid Mechanics, Heat and Mass Transfer, Design of Machine Elements and Automobile Engineering. Whilst pursuing my diploma & degree courses, my interest for Automotive Engineering grew even more having learnt more on the different types of internal combustion engines, their configuration and importance. However, what I lacked was a practical understanding on these core areas of Automotive Engineering. To gain a better understandi...
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The travel website, Taj Mahal, illustrates the origins of this monument. It was constructed to serve as a memorial and tomb for Mumtaz Mahal, the deceased wife of the emperor Shah Jahan (Taj Mahal, 2008). Before her death, while birthing Shah Jahan’s fourteenth child, she requested Jahan build a monument to honor her as stated by the Taj Mahal website (Taj Mahal, 2008). In 1631, construction began, and was finally completed twenty-two years later (Taj Mahal, 2008). Twenty-two thousand workers labored in constructing the monument bringing materials by elephant from many parts of Asia (Taj Mahal, 2008). The web site Islamic Architecture lists the Iranian architect Ustad Ahmed Lahwari as the key designer of the structure; however other architects played prominent roles in the monument’s design (Organization, 1995-2003).Over time, the esti...
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I think a gigantic funerary mosque of white marble, built in Agra by order of the Mogul emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his favorite wife, the Taj Mahal is the most perfect jewel of Moslem art in India and is one of the universally admired architectures of the world’s heritage. Not only see the beautiful Taj Mahal from the video, I also knew the history of itself and its country. A white marble tomb sums up many of the formal themes that have played through Islamic architecture. The video did talk a lot of how much Shah Jahan himself and his father loved art and made many gorgeous artworks. Taj Mahal’s refined style is a conspicuous contrast to the Hindu architecture of pre-Islamic India, with its thick walls, arches, and heavy supports. Even though Taj Mahal is the symbol of grief and sadness, it still has it beauty looks from marble and sand stone.
A steam turbine's two main parts are the cylinder and the rotor. As the steam passes through the fixed blades or nozzles it expands and its velocity increases. The high-velocity jet of steam strikes the first set of moving blades. The kinetic energy of the steam changes into mechanical energy, causing the shaft to rotate. The steam then enters the next set of fixed blades and strikes the next row of moving blades. As the steam flows through the turbine, its pressure and temperature decreases, while its volume increases. The decrease in pressure and temperature occurs as the steam transmits energy to the shaft and performs work. After passing through the last turbine stage, the steam exhausts into the condenser or process steam system. The kinetic energy of the steam changes into mechanical erringly through the impact (impulse) or reaction of the steam against the blades.