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The concept of communication
Definition and function of communication
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In the textbook, communication is defined as “the transfer and understanding of meaning” (Robbins, Judge, Campbell 2009). With a group or organization, communication serves four functions namely: control, motivation, emotional expression and information (Robbins, Judge, and Campbell 2009). For the purpose of this discussion, organization communication will be the main focus, such as the informal form of communication regarded as the grapevine (Robbins, Judge, Campbell 2009) or word-of-mouth information either in confidence or amongst friends or colleagues (Kullard and Pelled, 2000). Grapevine communication is spontaneous as it is passed automatically from the top level of the organization to the bottom level without any difficulty in delivering the message. Management uses such way of communication to spread the information that either cannot be shared officially (Kullard and Pelled 2000. Robbins, Judge, Campbell 2009,)
The key elements or advantages of the grapevine communication is the flexibility it gives, i.e. no formal control, it’s faster than any other form of communication. However, the advantage of such communication is that there is no evidence which can be documented for future reference and it loses its meaning as is passed from one person to another (Kullard and Pelled, 2000).
From an organizational
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As per studies conducted in the 1940’s, behavioral leadership has been narrowed down to two categories namely: initiating structure and consideration. As the name implies, initiating structure relates to a leader who is structured and organized, assigns tasks and expects deadlines to be met. Consideration on the other hand is how a leader has regard of his/her employees by mutual trust respect and appreciation (Robbins, Judge, and Campbell
In the past, communications primarily consisted of phone calls or typed messages put onto a bulletin board. Meetings were held in conference rooms with information and ideas being exchanged by conversation and on whiteboards or flip charts on easels (Burg, 2013). Phone calls were generally a one-to-one way to exchange ideas and information with some organizations using conference calls, where multiple people could talk and listen during one call. These ideas and communications were then spread throughout the organization by memos and word of mouth. In some cases, members of an organization never received the intended messages. When using these methods of communication, information was spread at a slower and sporadic pace in an organization.
Leadership is a communication process of a leader and individuals in which the leaders behavior or attitude directs individuals towards any goal effectively. It is widely believed that leadership creates the vital link between organizational effectiveness and people’s performance at an organizational level (Avolio, 1999; McGrath and MacMillan, 2000). The effectiveness of an organization depends upon the leader having an effective leadership style in order to effectively reach the goal of the organization; with it being one of the key driving forces for improving a firm’s performance. Scholars suggest that effective leadership behaviors can facilitate the improvement of performance when organizations face problems (McGrath and MacMillan, 2000). To effectively achieve leadership of individuals and organizational outcomes, four theories can be used; Fiedler’s Contingency Model, Hersey and Blanchard’s Situational Leadership Model, Vroom & Yetton Participative Leadership Model, and House & Dessler Path-Goal Theory.
Wright et al. (2012) suggest that communication is a process that involves a sender, a receiver, a message and a channel. The sender and the receiver of the communication may be the professionals and the channels of communication may be through hand over’s, emails, phones calls, verbal discussion and other relevant communication channel
Communication is the process of transmitting information or messages from one person to another. It’s a process by which individuals or groups or organizational units undertake transactions in a variety of ways and within different areas with the aim of carrying out organizational goals (Griffin,
Behavioral approach to leadership suggests that leaders are made not born; it is the direct opposite of what the trait approach suggests (Cherry n.d.). Like I mentioned earlier, the behavioral approach focuses on what the leader can do with their positions rather than the qualities they posses (Cherry n.d.).
Yukl, G. (2012). Effective leadership behavior: What we know and what questions need more attention. Academy Of Management Perspectives, 26(4), 66-85. doi:10.5465/amp.2012.0088
Lord, R. (2000). Leadership. In A. E. Kazdin (Ed.), Encyclopedia of psychology, vol. 4. (pp. 499-505). Doi:10.1037/10519-216
Throughout humankind, communication has been used from sending firer signals to the pony express; communication is a very important part of our world today. Team Leader and member should always know their audience. Managers have all the tools necessaries to get their message across from meeting, email, office bulletin board, using FedEx. No matter how they chose to get the message across effective communication is important.
The theory is based on the premise that leader behaviors are learned and not inherent traits in a leader’s personality (Kreitner & Kinick, 2014). As an example, the manner in which the leader communicates the tasks that need to be done is a learned behavior compared to the vocal tone of the leader’s voice which is an inherent trait. Ohio State University had a team of researchers study the behaviors of leaders beginning in 1946 and continued for ten years. The team developed a Leader Behavior Description Questionnaire with 150 descriptive leadership processes and asked how often the leader performed the process utilizing a scale of always to never (Halpin, 1956). From the results the team identified that there were two elements of leader behavior, consideration and initiating structure (Kreitner & Kinick,
The learning obtained from the Leadership and Organizational Behavior course has been valuable. From this course, I have learned that while someone can be a manager or a leader, it is better to be both. The various topics discussed throughout the eight week course have provided the unique insight necessary to be an effective leader. The insight gained allow for the identification of the behaviors that an effective leader must possess and continually develop. By identifying these behaviors, I am better able to shape my leadership style and goals so that I can achieve my full career potential as a leader within my organization. Ultimately, I realize that it is important to both do things right and do the right things in all my actions within an organization.
Communication is the process of conveying information to each another using words, actions, or by writing the information down to be read by another person. Communication is something that most people do at some point each day, and is an important part of life especially in a working environment. “The concept of communication is an essential part of every profession, and it is required to foster and maintain healthy relationships”( Jasmine, 2009, para. 1).
(Blake & Mouton, 2002). The leadership grid combined the “concerns of production” and the “concerns for people” (Leadership, 2008) into five alternate behavior theories: improvised management, country club management, task management, middle of the road management, and team management. Improvised management behavior is when a leader emphasizes no concern about people or production. A leader with country club management behavior emphasizes concern for people but little to no concern for production, while task management behavior leaders stress on production and not people. The middle of the road management behavior produces a leader who tries to balance concern for production and people; whereas, a leader exhibiting Team management behavior is able to exhibit high concern for both production and people (Leadership Theories and Studies,
Gibson, J.W. & Hodgetts, R. (1991). Organization communication: A Managerial Perspective. New York: Harper Collins Publishers.
The knowledge managers need to possess is technologically inclined and globalized. Effective management can enhance a company’s performance by contributing to employee and customer satisfaction, productivity, and development (Noe, Hollenbeck, Gerhart, & Wright, 2010). The first skill for managers to understand and practice is communication, because it is the foundation for all actions in the workplace and it allows the supervisor or manager an opportunity to build relationships with the overall workgroup without alienating anyone in the work environment (Roper, 2005). As a manager, it is very important to be able to communicate effectively. As Robert Kent, former dean of Harvard Business School, has said, “In business, communication is everything” (Blalock, 2005).
The behavior approach refocuses the interest from the traits to the leaders ' behavior. Leaders ' behavior becomes more important than their physical, mental or emotional traits. Ohio State University and the University of Michigan developed the two main studies of this approach in the late 1940s and 1950s. The studies have recognized two main behaviors: people-oriented and production-oriented behavior. According to the leader behavior approach, there are several behaviors that would be invariably effective for leaders, but empirical research does not show a strong relation between task-oriented or person-oriented leader behaviors and leader effectiveness.