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The history of fast food in America
Fast food history essay
The history of fast food in America
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In the late 1700’s, the Industrial Revolution aspired a new era of technological advances, fueled by the ambition of an ever growing population. They propelled the limits of human ingenuity to previously uncharted lengths. These technological advances, like the assembly line process, that reduced production time and lowered costs was beneficial for employers who now could pay lower wages for low skilled easily replaced workers. Furthermore the working class achieved a higher standard of living, creating new jobs and keeping families out of extreme poverty. Similarly this identical business model was a key element in the rise of the fast food industry. In the early 1900’s many restaurants attempted to franchise but often failed. This was caused by many factors including but not limited to high costs, and low customer satisfaction. There was an entire industry being squandered by lousy service and unreliable food merchandise. These defects when adjusted gave way to today's multi- billion dollar industry we call fast food. The rise of the fast food industry was directly correlated to the standardization of food products, the speedy service, and strategic advertising by corporations. One of the most considerable developments that lead to the rise of fast food was the standardization of food products. According to Ray Kroc the founder of …show more content…
Prior to the rise of the fast food industry people were unsatisfied with the use of car hoppers, the reliability, and time it took to fulfill orders. McDonald's revolutionized the fast food industry, carving the way for other fast food chains with their fast speedy service, their standardized products, and their television ads for children. Anyway you slice it the fast food industry creates jobs for many people, as well as feeds many people in a quick and cheap
Subway, one of the present leaders in the fast food industry was set up in 1965 in Bridgeport, Connecticut by Fred DeLuca. A family friend of him suggested this idea to help him pay for his education to fulfill his dream of becoming a doctor. Dr. Peter Buck, one of Fred’s friends agreed to be his partner with a loan of $1,000. There was a huge growth in the business relationship that changed the landscape of the fast food industry.
The central argument of fast food nation by Eric Schlosser is that the large restaurant chains and corporations and their demand for unification have given these chains too much power over America’s food supply, economy, and society. Also the way that these corporations operate is now the framework for today’s retail economy. Small businesses are going bankrupt because of the franchising that the large companies are pursuing.
Fast food nation is divided into two sections: "The American Way", which brings forth the beginnings of the Fast Food Nation within the context of after World War Two America; and "Meat and Potatoes", which examines the specific mechanizations of the fast-food industry, including the chemical flavoring of the food, the production of cattle and chickens, the working conditions of the beef industry, the dangers of eating this kind of meat, and the international prospect of fast food as an American cultural export to the rest of the world. Chapter 1 opens with a discussion of Carl N. Karcher, one of fast food’s pioneers. Carl was born in 1917 in Ohio. He quit school after eighth grade and spent long hours farming with his father. When he was twenty years old, his uncle offered him a job at his Feed and Seed store in Anaheim, CA.
In the book Fast Food Nation: The Darks Side of the All-American Meal, Eric Schlosser claims that fast food impacts more than our eating habits, it impacts “…our economy, our culture, and our values”(3) . At the heart of Schlosser’s argument is that the entrepreneurial spirit —defined by hard work, innovation, and taking extraordinary risks— has nothing to do with the rise of the fast food empire and all its subsidiaries. In reality, the success of a fast food restaurant is contingent upon obtaining taxpayer money, avoiding government restraints, and indoctrinating its target audience from as young as possible. The resulting affordable, good-tasting, nostalgic, and addictive foods make it difficult to be reasonable about food choices, specifically in a fast food industry chiefly built by greedy executives.
The New York Times bestseller Fast Food Nation: The Dark Side of the All-American Meal is one of the most riveting books to come out about fast food restaurants to date (Schlosser, 2004). Fast food consumption has become a way of life for many in the United States as well as many other countries in the world. The author Eric Schlosser an investigative reporter whose impeccable researching and bold interviewing captures the true essence of the immense impact that fast food restaurants are having in America (2004). Beginning with McDonald’s, the first fast food restaurant, which opened on April 15, 1955 in Des Plaines, Illinois to current trends of making fast food a global realization McDonald’s has paved the way for many fast food restaurants following the same basic ideal that is tasty foods served fast at a minimal cost (2011). Schlosser explains how fast food restaurants have gained substantial market share of the consumers; he also shows that by marketing to children and offering less unhealthful fare, that are purchased from mega-companies which are often camouflaged with added ingredients and cooked unhealthful ways, that these companies are indeed causing irreparable harm to our country (2004).
In Eric Schlosser book ‘Fast Food Nation’ he discusses his findings of the fast food industry and exposes it for what it is. Fast food has been an American tradition for over half a century and it’s not a mystery why. Fast food is the most convenient, quick, and cheapest way to get a meal. Not only is fast food cheap and convenient, it’s also loaded with grease and fat to make sure it keeps you coming back. Fast food has become almost more common than eating at home with “about half of the money used to buy food spent is at restaurants, mainly fast food restaurants.”(Schlosser) Fast food is causing problems because of the unsafe slaughterhouse conditions, questionable quality of food, and its advertising towards children.
Schlosser, Eric. Fast Food Nation: The Dark Side of the All-American Meal. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2001. Print.
In order to understand McDonald's structure and culture and why they continue to be the world's largest restaurant chain we conducted a SWOT analysis that allowed us to consider every dimension involved in the business level and corporate level strategies.
In 1940, McDonalds was not the multi-million dollar industry that people recognize today. In fact, it started out as a small drive-in style BBQ restaurant, owned by Dick and Mac McDonald, in San Bernadino, California. However in 1948, the entire workings of the restaurant were altered, making it the dawn of the McDonald’s empire. This new drive-in, like other drive-in restaurants of its time, struggled to make a large amount of profit, due to selling low-priced food using traditional methods, which were often labor intensive and expensive. But the McDonald brothers fixed this problem by reducing their menu 25 items to nine items: hamburgers, cheeseburgers, soft drinks, milk, coffee, potato chips, and a slice of pie. Their staple item, the 30 cent hamburger, accounted for 80 percent of their total sales. Later, the brothers altered the production to that of the Fordist assembly line in order to make the whole operation fast and efficient, halving the price of their items, including their prized hamburger. (http://www.aboutmcdonalds.com/mcd/our_company/mcdonalds_history_timeline.html?DCSext.destination=http://www.aboutmcdonalds.com/mcd/our_company/mcd_history.html).
Burger King delivers value to their customers through their products, prices, and place and promotion strategies - (“BK doesn’t just promise value, they actually deliver value”). Burger king has been in existence for 60 years and is growing rapidly in many other countries. Burger King delivers quality, great tasting food which satisfies ones need or wants and captures the value of customers even before the first purchase is made. Burger King has products very unique from other competitors such as KFC and McDonalds. The difference is that Burger King does not limit their customers in terms of what they eat. For example, when I spoke to a customer also big fan of Burger King, he mentioned that the sauces are left public for the customer to decide on which sauce to have rather than giving the customer one kind of sauce such as McDonalds and KFC. The cold beverage is also self-help service in which customers can help themselves to a bottomless drink. This way the customer feels free to choose what satisfies the need or want.
McDonald's Corporation is the largest fast-food operator in the World and was originally formed in 1955 after Ray Kroc pitched the idea of opening up several restaurants based on the original owned by Dick and Mac McDonald. McDonald's went public in 1965 and introduced its flagship product, the Big Mac, in 1968. Today, McDonald's operates more than 30,000 restaurants in over 100 countries and have one of the world's most widely known brand names. McDonald's sales hit $57 billion company-wide and over $25 billion in the United States in 2006 (S&P).
Fast food outlets actually have been existed from millennia in China, India and ancient Europe. In the past, many people cannot afford to have a kitchen and this becomes the main reason they buy their food in fast food outlets (Reverse Your Age, 2013). The perception of fast food started to change in twentieth century. The first company that change the culture and perception of fast food was McDonald’s, followed by their future competitors such as KFC, Burger King, Wendy’s, Taco Bell, Pizza Hut and Subway. As they get a good appreciation from the customers followed by the impact of the globalisation, almost all of the fast food companies have been expanded their restaurant chain in many nations (Wojtek, 2013). Nowadays, with our busy life schedule and the increasing trend where women entering workforce promote an opportunity for the fast food industry to grow bigger. We can see the significant growth from the fast food industry as the industry itself has been generated over $160 billion in 2012 compared to their revenue in 1970 which only around $6 billion (Franchise Help, n.d.). With this significant growth, it does not mean that every company in this industry are successful. Some company has to closed some of their stores due to the lack of environmental research and preparation in entering a new country which commonly lead to the poor selling rate. The deeper explanation and points that is mention below will be also represent as the industry current state.
Schlosser, Eric. Fast Food Nation: the Dark Side of the All-American Meal. New York: HarperCollins, 2005
Fast food made a gap between poor and rich wider, created the epidemics of obesity and transferred this cultural imperialism abroad. Eric Schlosser provides a lengthy list of charges but h combines then with the careful reasoning. His survey starts from California subdivisions where the business was born and continues to the industrial New Jersey where fast food is produced. In his book, Schlosser hangs out with teenagers who make fast foo...
Fast food started from basic stands on the sides of streets. It has always been connected with the expansion of urban development. When the urban areas gained a greater population the amount of food stands on the sides of streets did, as well. The United States is most famous for fast food. The first ever fast food restaurant was called White Castle; it was built in Wichita in 1921. White Castle had a very minimal based menu. It was mostly well- known for their hamburger. This restaurant was the start of the fast food chains in America. About 20 years later, one of the most famous fast food chains in America was created. McDonalds was built in 1940, and it was created as a drive-in restaurant with a wide-ranging barbecue menu. Later on, McDonalds had created a 9-item menu that consisted of: hamburger, cheeseburger, three soft drinks, milk, coffee, potato chips, pie, French fries, and milkshakes. As you can see, fast foo...