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Course of human evolution
Course of human evolution
Course of human evolution
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The progression of humans was a long and lengthy process of advancement by which people originated from their hominin ancestors to intelligent beings. Humans were once merely defenseless and unable to hunt effectively until they discovered a new way of life. The breakthrough of the bipedal and industrial revolution changed the way humans got around and were able to become predators. Humans evolved from quadruped ape-like animals to one of the few animals that use bipedalism. Compared to animals, human language is more intricate and used all the time. In the documentary Project Nim, researcher Herbert Terrace and his team raised a chimpanzee and determined if the chimp could be subjected to developing subtle language skills. The documentary …show more content…
Nim, the chimpanzee was taken from his mother and placed into the care of Herbert Terrace and his team. They raised Nim as if he was a child and there he learned sign language. As expected, Nim learned how to sign but couldn’t sign grammatically-correct sentences. He even learned the mastery skills of manipulation and used it during his lessons in the classroom. The team worked with Nim for a while until there were too accidents. Occasionally when he didn’t get his way, Nim would bite and cause members serious injuries. The chimp still had his primal dive and was not able to let it go. As he grew up, he had urges to establish his male dominance to anyone around him. Even later in Nim's life, he was still able to sign and communicate with …show more content…
It has been proven that non-human primates such as apes and chimpanzees can learn the behaviors of language and chores. Several experimental chimps and apes are trained to grasp our language and produce it by signing and perform daily chores like sweeping and tidying up. Both Nim and Koko were taught by their trainers to gain the knowledge to communicate through sign language. Although, both of these non-human primates embraced language skills at an early age, the ape in Kafka's story educated himself during the middle of his life. All three of them were able to observe and still maintain the knowledge of human-like behavior. Nim and Koko's trainers interacted with them and that could be a reason to why they learned. Neither of them were ever tempted to run away from the care of their trainers. Throughout their human interactions, they did not lose the connection they have with their animal side, unlike the fictional ape in Kafka's story. The research gathered from Herbert Terrace and Francine Patterson showed the world just how quickly non-human primates could learn and uphold a conversation, similar to humans'. The willingness of both the animals confirm that they are prone to change directions from their normal behavior. Maybe it was the constant affection and treats that non-human primates enjoyed that made them be subjective to learn the human
Chimpanzees make tools and use them to procure foods and for social exhibitions; they have refined hunting tactics requiring collaboration, influence and rank; they are status cognizant, calculating and capable of trickery; they can learn to use symbols and understand facets of human language including some interpersonal composition, concepts of number and numerical sequence and they are proficient in spontaneous preparation for a future state or event.
The setting in both Lord of the Flies and I Only Came to Use the Phone contributes to the dehumanization of the characters in each of the readings. The settings are both isolated, which is the cause of all the chaos that takes place because when you take a human being out of the comfort of society, they go back to their natural animalistic tendencies in order to survive. Survival of the fittest is present in these quotes. Also, the island archetype plays a huge role in both of the stories.
The O*Net assessment is designed to help students explore the school-to-work transition and help workers consider and plan career options, preparation, and transitions more effectively. Based on my O*Net assessment, my interest results have determined I’m realistic 27, investigative 35, and conventional 29. The first interest result involves realistic people, hence those who have interests that include practical, hands-on problems and answers. According to the results, realistic people do not like careers that involve paperwork or working closely with other. However, I don’t completely agree with these results. Although, I don’t like involving much paperwork, I do consider myself a team player, as I like working closely with other people. For instance, I collaborated on a project
The prehistoric times stand evidence to the power of language as a tool for communication and growth. Language has proven to be an effective medium and factor surrounding the evolution of man. Language has played a big role in the development of individuals and societies. What is spoken and/or written, help in the initiation of imagination, expression of feelings, and conveyance of thoughts and ideas.
Is it something innate to our cognitive capacity, or did it become more complex as time passed and we adapted to evolution changes? Culture comprises language, traditions, history, and values among many other components. For instance, we constructed social norms and conventional manners, “The first thing I learned was to give a handshake. The handshake displays candour” (Kafka). However, these are not innate to us, but we learn them as we grow up. Was Nim able to grasp a sense of human culture? Did growing up in an environment surrounded by people made him closer to “humanity” than to “animality”? Nim certainly understood basic human norms. For instance, he learned how to express affection through signs such and hugs, as well to apologize for when he had done something wrong. But, did he acquire a sense of values, morals or ethics? When he was young he killed a cat, later on more than once he attacked the researchers, and when he was old he nearly killed the woman who first took care of him. Indeed, even though Nim showed a high level of intelligence, he was far from conceiving the world from a human
Thesis: Based on the observable behavior and culture of bonobos, compared to chimps, bonobos provided better insight and blueprint of precursor of human behavior than the chimps.
The debate about whether or not apes can learn human language has been going on for many years. There is an overwhelming amount of research on the subject to support both sides. It should be understood however, that learning and understanding human language is not the same as speaking the language. Apes are unable to physically speak human language for several reasons. As noted on the Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics website, “Unlike humans, apes lack the anatomical pre-requisites for verbal language production. The organs within the vocal tract, such as larynx muscles and vocal cords, cannot be moved as freely and coordinated as in humans, especially not at a comparable speed” (Bangle, “Questions and Answers”). With that said, I believe the research I found strongly supports that apes do have the capacity for learning and understanding human language. There have been numerous studies conducted in which apes have been taught to communicate using sign language. In the 1960’s a female chimpanzee named Washoe was taught the American Sign Language. Washoe was raised by researchers Allen and Beatrix Gardner and is believed to be the first chimpanzee to learn aspects of human language. The Gardners established Project Washoe to teach the chimpanzee American Sign Language. The National Geographic News reported that “For Washoe to be considered "reliable"
Language is commonly held to be the province of humans, but other inhabitants of earth possess their own forms of communication. Birds, dolphins, and whales are some of those that have a language. Primates also use vocal communication with each other. Their utterances have varied uses and volumes, with each primate’s voice being distinct just as human voices are. These unique calls have given researchers insight into the social workings of primate groups. The very fact that primates have a language offers insight into the evolution of language and calls into question what the term human truly means.
Humans are aware that other humans have minds because we can share these experiences. The difficulty with validating whether animals have minds is that we cannot share experiences with animals, communication is difficult. Though this may be changing. Experts in symbolic language with chimps and apes are able to communicate with each other in sign language. ‘Experiments with chimps Koko and Washoe and gorilla Kenzi have shown that they are able to invent new words, construct abstract phrases and express their feelings using American Sign Language or computer-based symbolic language.’ This is hard scientific evidence proving that these primates do have intelligence and a mind nearly like our own, though the extent is far from being displayed.
In television shows and textbooks, early humans are often presented as being an isolated force within their environments - that is, that they evolved with relatively little influence from their environment. This view often stresses the advances of human beings and their exploitation of the environment as a function of their anatomical development, particularly brain capacity. However, it fails to address the fact that human beings were not as we know ourselves to be today; that we were simply another large carnivore interacting with many different types of animals and environmental conditions, who happened to evolve into a social creature with capacities for reason and innovation. I believe that that aspect of human evolution is extremely important because it is the only way in which one can begin to decipher the reasons why humans evolved from a relatively "dumb" creature, one among many, to the animal which they are today.
The 1960s was a period well remembered for all the civil rights movements that occurred during that time frame and the impact these movements had on the social and political dynamics of the United States. The three largest movements that were striving in the 1960s were the African American civil rights movement, the New Left movement and the feminist movement. These three movements were in a lot of ways influenced by each other and were very similar in terms of their goals and strategies. However, within each of these movements there were divisions in the way they tried to approach the issues they were fighting against. Looking at each of these movements individually will reveal the relationship they all share as well as the changes that were brought forth as a result of each groups actions.
To sum things up, it is important for us to maintain a bond with others like ourselves, monkey human, whatever it is. By having that bond we gain security in ourselves and have confidence to move on in life. For the monkeys having that security stopped them from going insane and gave them some peace of mind. Growing up we especially need our mothers to guide us and be there for us so when we are on our own we can function properly in society.
The movie ‘Project Nim’ tells the story of the life of a chimpanzee named Nim, after being taken from his mother’s hands in the 1970’s, by Herb, a researcher at the university of Columbia. The movie thoroughly depicts Herbs controversial attempt the teach Nim sign language to break the language barrier between humans and other species, naming the experiment Project Nim. The movie details aspects of Nim treacherous life as he is faced with many challenges throughout the experiment such as adapting into a human lifestyle, moving from owner to owner, being taken away from familiarities ect. The aspects of the film that connect to social sciences were Nim firstly being moved from a chimpanzee environment to a human one, followed
“Tool use is rare in animals, and the chimpanzees stand out as the most proficient tool users besides humans” (Boesh, Boesch-Achermann18). Some debate has taken place between researchers regarding how these chimpanzees learn to use these tools and whether or not there is a difference between wild chimps and captive chimp’s tool use. Some theories say that chimps do not actively teach or are taught, but rather learn by observation, trial, and error; as stated in the article Thinking Like a Chimpanzee by Jon Cohen. This article also suggests that some reaserchers do believe that chimps do poses the capability to be taught and understand what they are learning.
When I think about the person I want to become I think about a kind person who wants to make a difference in the world. I want to help and Inspire others and In general just make this world a more positive and loving place. The personal project was an opportunity to not only do something for myself but for others. By doing this I would be able to reach my goal of being the person I wish to become someday by helping others and spreading my positivity. I decided on feeding the homeless because with this I would be able to help others in need and hopefully inspire or make them happy. Feeding the homeless won 't necessarily change the world, but small acts of kindness like this might inspire other people to do them too and If everyone decided to