Hezbollah officially arose out of the ashes of the First Lebanon War. Former Israeli prime minister Ehud Barak himself stated, “When we entered Lebanon…there was no Hezbollah. We were accepted with perfumed rice and flowers by the Shia in the south. It was our presence there that created Hezbollah.” They are the product of a radical Shiite movement with the assistance of the Iranian Revolutionary Guard. Their manifesto was declared on February 16, 1985. One of their major goals included ending the Israeli occupation of Southern Lebanon. Early on there were skirmishes, but not much conflict between Israel and Hezbollah. The 1989 Taif Agreement was the beginning of the end of the Lebanese Civil War. In 1990 the 16 year long civil war was over. …show more content…
Hezbollah which tried to end Israel’s occupation in Lebanon launched an attack on IDF soldiers in Israel’s “security zone” on July 10, 1993 where five Israeli soldiers died. Nine days later another attack by Hezbollah was orchestrated that added to the casualties. Finally, a third attack that killed one more occurred on July 23. Israeli patience ran out two days later when they launched Operation Accountability also known in Lebanon as the Seven-Day War. This operation consisted of a bombardment of southern Lebanon. Results of the week-long assault includes thousands of buildings bombed, infrastructure destroyed, 120 Lebanese civilians killed, 500 more wounded, and 300,000 Lebanese civilians displaced. Hezbollah losses varied from 8-50 depending on the source. Israel suffered the loss of one IDF soldier dead, three more wounded, two civilians killed, and 24 more civilians wounded. After condemnation of the war from the UN Security Council, the United States negotiated a ceasefire just one week after it started where both sides would refrain from attacking civilian targets, which occurred often in this conflict. The ceasefire would last until the next major conflict between Israel and …show more content…
It all started on March 30 when two men in Yater, Lebanon were killed by an IDF missile attack while working on a water tower. Israeli officials stated that the attack was a mistake as Israeli troops thought that the two men were terrorists. Hezbollah responded to the deaths of these two men by launching 20 missiles into northern Israel. Later, the explosion of a roadside bomb in the village of Barashit killed a 14-year old Lebanese boy and injured three others, which led to a Hezbollah attack of 30 missiles into Northern Israel on April 9 and injured six Israelis. Israel launched Operation Grapes of Wrath two days later. Like the Seven Day War, Israel bombarded southern Lebanon as well as the Beirut area, and the Beqaa Valley by utilizing large air raids and heavy artillery fire. The purpose of this bombardment was to put pressure on the Lebanese government to take care of Hezbollah. A Syrian military post was also bombed, killing one soldier and wounding seven more. Israel also began to blockade Beirut, Sidon, and Tyre on April 13 to put economic pressure on Lebanon. The following two days Israel launched an assault on Beirut’s power stations which were destroyed. The most horrifying attack occurred on April 18 as Israel landed attacks on a UN base at Qana where 106 civilians were killed and 116 more were injured. The UN determined the attack was on purpose as
The French had control of Syria and Lebanon. France had a direct rule, meaning that they sent officials and their army to govern their mandates. The Druze revolt caused the French to separate Lebanon into a country of their own. They appointed the government as people of different religious groups, Christian, Shi’a Muslims, and Sunni Muslims. During World War Two (WWII), Syria and Lebanon tried to gain independence. In 1946 Syria and Lebanon were free. During the time of the French Mandates they made many improvements towards the roads, education, agriculture, and health; which laid the groundwork for modern Syria and
The Nation of Israel was founded out of the eastern area of a British occupied (former Ottoman Empire) section of western Asia known as the “Mandate of Palestine”. There was an attempt in November of 1947 by the United Nations (UN) to partition the region into Arab and Israeli states with the Holy City Jerusalem as an international city. (United Nations, 1949) The Jews accepted this proposal while the Arab League and other groups did not. (Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 2006). What followed was an Arab strike that became violent and sent the Jews on the defensive. They rebounded and brought the civil war to an end, expelling over 250,000 Arabs. The day before the British mandate was set to expire; the region was invaded by four Arab States starting the yearlong 1948 Arab–Israeli War. Ultimately a cease fire and truce was reached with the establishment of bo...
Israel’s involvement in war is not a new phenomenon. Military conflict has been true all through the history of the Jewish nation. In biblical times the Jewish people were continually engaged in military conflict, often times the aggressor, as Yahweh called them to fight in order to settle in the “promised land” (Joshua 8:1-2 New International Version). The children of Israel’s first military conflict came in 1445 B.C. against the Amalekites during the time of the exodus from Egypt (Exodus 17:10 NIV). Over the next two centuries, the Israelites conquered most of the land now known as Israel battling many different tribes in what was almost constant military conflict (NIV). The tribes of Israel were unified by the establishment of a monarchical system headed by Saul in 1020 B.C. (Benhaim np). David, the second king of Israel created a c...
Alcohol is illegal! “The reign of tears is over. The slums will soon be a memory. We will turn our prisons into factories and our jails into storehouses and corncribs. Men will walk upright now; women will smile and children will laugh. Hell will be forever rent” (Thorton 9). The Eighteenth Amendment of the Constitution went into effect on January 16, 1920, with three-fourths vote from congress (Boorstin 994). The National Prohibition of Alcohol was adopted to solve social problems, reduce the crime rate, stop corruption and minimize the tax burden created by prisons. Some immediate results of the amendment included organized crime and the corruption of public officials. As time went on, the stock market crashed, the Great Depression began, and people no longer viewed Prohibition as a question of moral values and standards, but as economics. Because of the economic repercussions that our country endured during the thirteen years of Prohibition, the Eighteenth Amendment was finally repealed. (Thorton 1).
The Munich Massacre (5th – 6th September 1972), a planned terrorist attack happening against the backdrop of the Summer Olympics, was a key statement in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict that carries on to this day. The attack began when eight Palestinian terrorists killed two members of the Israeli Olympic team before taking a further nine hostage. All of the captives were killed along with five Black September members during a large fire fight. Following the massacre, the Israeli government organized retaliation, codename: Operation Wrath of God. The legacy is reflected by the large number of retaliatory deaths, overall effect upon the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and the significant development of Counter terrorist agencies around the world.
“On December 7, 1941-a date which will live in infamy-the United States was suddenly and DELIBERATELY attacked by the naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan. -Franklin Delano Roosevelt, in his address to Congress on December 8, 1941.” A quote from Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR) giving people a taste of what happened on the sad day of December 7th. The destructive day recalled as Pearl Harbor was a day of goodbyes to 2,403 Americans who died that day. In addition 1,178 American’s were wounded. As proved in the Manitowoc Herald-Times Newspaper which quotes that “Washington was admitting over 3,000 Americans were wounded, or killed during the attack.” All eight United States (U.S.) Navy battleships were damaged, including four that were sunk. All in one day the Japanese were able to cause such destruction with only less than one hundred men killed, including around thirty aircrafts and five midget submarines which were also lost. Yet with the extreme amount of American casualties, this surprise air strike is considered as a failure to the Japanese. The Japanese intentions were to sink the American aircraft carriers, but luckily the carriers were not present that day. Leading to the attack were many signs showing the Americans of the attack. The American’s were both warned, and attacked lightly without casualties by the Japanese before the attack, all raising suspicion of the Japanese plans for the U.S.. Yet the U.S. was still not ready for the attack, this is what will be covered in this essay. This essay will cover how the U.S. failed to recognize the upcoming attack on Pearl Harbor due to misunderstandings, mistakes and misinterpretations causing a great deal of destruction. This will be covered through discussing four impor...
On August 14, 1992, a fratricidal war broke out on the resort beaches of Abkhazia, a small territory of the newly independent Republic of Georgia. A sixteen-month conflict ensued between Abkhaz forces aided by local civilians as well as fighters from other countries, primarily neighboring areas of the Russian Federation and on the side of Georgia central government of Georgia, National Guard, parliamentarians and volunteers. Intensive battles raged on land, air and sea. Several thousand were killed and many more wounded on the both sides.
“Arab spring mishap leads to sharp increase of oil smuggling”, “Syrian revolution starts experiencing causalities”, “Overthrown Egyptian government a downright failure”, “Tunisia on the verge of economic collapse post being struck by the Arab spring revolution”, “Bombing in Libya kills 20 in the proximity of a ration distribution unit”. These were the kind of news headlines the modern world was bombarded with when the riots in the Middle East were instigated. Moreover they were the root cause on the basis of which the Arab spring revolution has been deemed a failure.
In 1982, in an effort to strengthen the Lebanon government, he sent marines to Lebanon. In October 1983, 250 marines were killed when their Beirut headquarters was bombed. Reagan removed his troops. Those remaining were often captured by Muslim radicals.
Israel began to have serious problems with the Arab enemies, and there were many losses.
...39,000 U.S. joined other countries to attack Iraq, war for 37 days -Iraq launched ineffective missiles at Saudi Arabia and Israel -Norman Schwarzkopf (American general)—> air bombing raids -land attack, Saddam’s forces surrender
In mid-November of last year amidst rising tensions in the Middle East, Israel launched a major offensive against Palestinian militants in Gaza on Wednesday, killing the military commander, Ahmed Al-Jabari of Hamas in an air strike. This strike on a car carrying the commander stemmed the beginning to what is known by the Israeli’s as operation “Pillar of Defense”. Following this “surgical” assassination, the Israeli air force struck over 20 underground rocket launch sites belonging to Hamas (governing terrorist organization in Gaza) and the Islamic Jihad. According to Palestinian sources these strikes killed an additional six Palestinians.
After the Six Day War Israel security forces were attempting to cultivate and expand islamism. In between the years 1967 and 1987 the number of mosques in Gaza went from 200 to 600. While islamism was expanding at this time so were the other smaller nationalist terrorist groups, such as the PLO, were also expanding in the streets, and in schools. Hamas was founded in 1978, during the expansion of islamism and terrorist nationalist groups, by Ahmed Yassin as a Palestinian branch of the Muslim Brotherhood. The real terrorist acts from this group started happening around the 1990’s ...
Libyan revolution or the Libyan Civil War was the armed conflict in Libya between those, who supported Colonel Muammar Gaddafi, and those, who were against him. The conflicts, especially between people and the government were always one of the major topics of political discussions. However, not all of them can be described as “the cornerstone of changes”. I consider the Libyan revolution to be the one, which resulted in political changes of this country. The revolution was very radical action, but a natural result of the violence and killing of innocent of people, which was at that time a natural thing for the Muammar Gaddafi. “No Libyan should adopt the practices of a tyrant that Libya suffered for decades under his autocratic rule. Human rights groups have released reports about brutal atrocities taking place in ex-rebel-run prisons. Under whatever circumstances, there is no justification for intimidating, torturing and killing anybody (Kreiba, 2012). I totally agree with Hussain Abdulrazzaq Kreiba, and consider the civil war to be a horrible torture, which was necessary to get rid of the cruel regime in Libya. The revolution was caused directly by the improper treatment of people by Muammar Gaddafi, people’s will to change their country, the impact of the human rights being pressed in Libya, and indirectly because of the fact that their country was in a deep economical crisis, despite of their large reserves of oil and natural gas.
Why Nations Fail takes an in depth look into why some countries flourish and become rich powerful nations while other countries are left in or reduced to poverty. Throughout this book review I will discuss major arguments and theories used by the authors and how they directly impact international development, keeping in mind that nations are only as strong as their political and economical systems.