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The lessons learnt from industrial revolutions
History in england between 1750 and 1900
History in england between 1750 and 1900
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INDUSTRILIZING THE WORLD HOW DID ENVIRONMENTAL DIFFERENCES AMONG REGIONS OF THE WORLD ASSIST IN DETERMINING THE “WINNERS” OF THE RACE TOWARDS INDUSTRIALIZATION? The 18th century was a time that awaited great change through discovery and applications of new ideas and technology. These changes came about as a result of government stability and populations interest in bettering life standards. It is evident that equal opportunity to industrialize was made possible in several regions of the world due to similar natural and educational resources made accessible. Despite this fact, Great Britain was the first to industrialize because it took more than just the accessibility of resources but as well as the support of the government and willingness …show more content…
The invention of steam powered vehicles played a huge role in Great Britain’s rise to power. Trains and boats were used as alternatives to carriages to transport people and merchandise. As a result communication and logistics improved significantly. These new technologies are what encouraged Britain’s emergence to competence. The shift in power was evident after the establishment of the royal navy which was regarded as one of the most powerful at the time. Britain’s official control in trade subsequent to reducing China’s tariffs on imported goods during the second opium war and their involvement in the scramble of Africa suggests that they had a broader global presence than …show more content…
Working in manufacturing became objective and more organized. This meant that less skill were required to perform tasks which allowed for younger men and women to find employment. Manufacturing became broken down into processes of which people played a small part in. In most cases the workers never saw the end result of their product. Where as in the past they would work on a product from start to finish and even trade. The nature and interest of the economy had changed as the economic importance of family had been overweighed by large
One of the most important aspects of imperialism is the take over of government. The English accomplished this in several ways. Some of the “Unfair Treaties” forced the Chinese to allow the English ships into their ports and to allow them to have a major role in the trade market. The English wanted tea, porcelain, and silk from china. The Chinese however didn’t want to gods the English offered in return. The English began trading opium in return for the goods. Although it was illegal, many of the money hungry merchants excepted the opium in return for the things that were valuable to the English. Because of this, the first Anglo-Chinese war erupted. China underestimated the power of England and was defeated. At the end of the war, they were forced to sign the Treaty of Nanjing (1842). The treaty was one of the first treaties known as the “Unfair Treaties.” Under this treaty, china gave up the island of Hong Kong, abolished the licensed monopoly system of trade, granted English nationals exemption from Chinese laws, and agreed to give England whatever trading concessions that were granted to other countries then and later.
At the end of the eighteenth century, China’s goods were much desired by Britain. However, the Chinese saw Europeans as savages and did not want to trade with them. During trade, there was an imbalance in China’s favor, because the Europeans were forced to buy Chinese goods using silver. The Western Imperialists began to grow opium poppies from in India, and then smuggle them into China. China soon became addicted to the drug and spent most of it’s money on the purchase of it from the Europeans and Americans. This shifted the balance of power to be in Europe’s favor.
Opium had first arrived in London as a new medicinal trade product. It was new, compact, easily transported, and non-perishable. Trade with China proved very profitable and flourished for more than twenty years uninterrupted, until in 1835 China passed its first laws prohibiting the importation of opium (1). In the years following this prohibition, England responded simply by shifting the drop off points to other ports in China. China resisted these efforts, by England, to continue trade and began attacking their ships. These acts were seen as aggressive in the eyes of the English and the first opium war resulted. The war ended with the treaty of Nanking, which ceded China to Britain. The second opium war between 1856 and 1858 ended with the treaty of Tientsin (2). These two wars were prime examples of commercial imperialism, not only through the opening of treaty ports but through British control of Chinese customs which the 1842 treaty established, and continuing opium trade without restraint (3). All these acts on the part of British and the Chinese prove that there was real awareness of the depth of the opium problem.
Britain also had to get involved occasionally to further her trading interests, as at the time Europe was the biggest buyer of Britain's exports. Britain also had to protect its political interests, supporting liberalism and nationalism, which meant it, got into disagreements with autocratic governments like Austro-Hungary and Russia. Britain also became involved in the scramble for the colonisation of Africa, which later added to Britain having the biggest empire the world had ever seen. So in 1815 Britain had begun to go through a period of change, especially the industrial revolution which was to change Britain totally and affected Britain's society, politics and international situation.
In many ways, the Victorians owe their remarkable place in history to the unique and successful exploitation of new technologies, the steamship, the railway and the electric telegraph. Her industrial advancement such as the mining of coal, minerals and other raw materials and the production of iron, textiles and manufactured goods allowed Britain to participate in large and a rapidly growing worldwide market.
Britain had found a drug that the Chinese would buy, opium. Opium was legally grown in British India and then smuggled into China, but after a while, its use and sale became illegal due to the damaging effects on the Chinese people. This made Britain angry, and as they had control over the seas, the British easily shut down some of China’s key ports and forced the Chinese to negotiate. However, the British were not satisfied with the agreement, and sent a second, much larger, force to take over more coastal cities. This shows that Britain wasn’t that great during this period as they killed many Chinese People, and ruined many of their
There was a steady increase of opium exports even after China banned the highly addictive drug prior to the Opium Wars, this demonstrates imperialism by the greed and need for economic gain by still enforcing trade after a law was imposed for them not to, this can be seen in fifth document, a bar graph titled "British Opium Exports to China". The British simply cared about their imperialistic ways and had no regards for the Chinese and their wishes for the Opium trading to cease. Prior to the formal exports of opium, Britain saw that China did not like the trading of it and continued to smuggle it even after China officially banned it, due to the fact that opium was a highly addictive drug. This then led to the Opium wars, another example of imperialism connecting to industrialization and modernization. Britain has limited resources due to its inconvenient placement geographically speaking, it is an island nation. So therefore, Britain used a nation with better resources and location placement, China. They made them sign an unfair treaty, the Treaty of Nanjing. This treaty further helped Britain imperialistically, due to the geographically centered terms of the treaty, they had better access to ports, complete control of a main city in China, and "fair"
A new pattern in family life emerges. Families now worked in factories and mills for people they did not know. Production was the key in the industrial society and family was a minor issue. Families were less closely bound together than in the past - the economic link was broken.... ...
The increase in population meant that there were more people in surplus from agricultural jobs and they had to find work in industrial factories, which was the basis of the Industrial Revolution. One of the darker causes for the Industrial Revolution was the slave trade with overseas colonies at the time. For many merchants who saw the easy money to be made from the voyages, the merchants became extremely rich – and as it is in human nature – these rich merchants wanted to become even more rich, the seemingly best way to do this was to invest profits from the slave trade into the new factories that were arising, this is called “Commercial Revolution”. Britain was one of the few countries that was able to bring in profits from other countries and keep profits in their country, aiding them into being the first country to Revolutionise Industrially. The new invention of steam power was one of the great motives for the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, steam was used to power many of the machines, thus with the invention of steam power, the Industrial Revolution was powered onwards.
So after all the years we wonder why Britain lead the industrial revolution, well the reason is that they enjoyed many advantages that helped them take the lead in the revolution. As I have wrote the agricultural revolution increased food production, which freed many laborers to work in indust...
In Britain, the steam engine was utilized. Britain generated 620,000 horsepower out of the European total of 860,000. Many western European nations soon caught up, after the French Revolution and Napoleonic Wars, and Britain then generated less than half of the total European horsepower. Technological change increased production heightened demands on transportation system to move material and products. Massive road and canal building programs were a response, but steam engines were a direct result of these demands.
The relationship between British expansion in the period 1750-1850 and the industrialisation that took place there at this time can be taken in a variety of ways. In this period expansion sky rocketed1 compared to previous years and it has to be explored to understand if the reason for this was because of the Industrial revolution or if not wholly responsible, the part that it played. This essay will look at these varying views on the relationship and look at how they can often be interconnected. One of the ways that the relationship between the expansion of the British Empire and Britain’s industrialisation can be looked at is through the idea that the Empire was fuelled by industrialisation. At its height, the British Empire ruled one fifth
One example was the Belgians setting up the Congo Free State to ‘exploit the thriving rubber trade’ . It was agreed in the Berlin conference of 1885 that Europeans powers should be able to trade freely within the Congo basin, the conference also recognised the British interest along the Niger River. On the other hand, Contrary to Aldred’s argument, J.A. Hobson argues that Britain expanded their empire to West Africa because the ‘impoverished masses’ in Britain were unable to consume British manufactured goods, so Britain saw ‘Africa and other parts of the empire as new markets to buy their goods’ as it was ‘cheaper to invest abroad’. Thus, it can said that although international relations did exacerbate the reason why Britain expanded their empire to West Africa, it was ultimately economic factors that led to the informal
People no longer worked on farms in rural areas. They now worked in factories in urban areas. With different countries going through the industrial revolution, some countries that were more industrialized than others. Britain was the most industrialized country during the Industrial Revolution during the 1700s and 1800s because it had a large population, natural resources, and a stable economy.
Throughout the years Britain had always tried to use the Chinese markets to their advantage. This is what was seen as the biggest and only cause towards starting the First Opium War. Although the British were gaining a profit from selling their own goods to Chinese consumers, they were not making enough to counter the massive amount of spending they were doing on Chines...