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Social interaction autism
Identify problems that individuals with an autistic spectrum condition may have in social interactions and relationships
Literature review on autism and social skills
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Autism Spectrum Disorder is a severe developmental disorder that affects body and mind, feeling and social relating. There are a small percentage of those who are capable of keeping stable friendships and an even smaller percentage of diagnosed adults who are able to hold full-time paid jobs (Koch et al., 2015). Since the main problems individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder have is social interaction and understanding emotions, Dance Movement Therapy Utilizes a technique in order to help improve the problems. In a study, thirty-one individuals with varied severity of Autism Spectrum Disorder were recruited to participate in seven sessions of intervention that were an hour long, conducted by a certified dance movement therapist. During the
Every single day is a struggle for an autistic child and his or her family. Autism affects all aspects of a child’s life, from their ability to show affection to their family to being able to do simple tasks such as communicating and thinking in ways that we take for granted. Autism is defined as a developmental disability in which children experience abnormalities in social functioning, language, often act in puzzling ways, and usually appear before the age of three (Mash &Wolfe, 2010). Although the exact causes of autism are unknown, there does seem to be a strong genetic component. Having a child or family member with autism is a constant battle of emotion and frustration.
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has two main core criteria, according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders fifth edition (DSM-5). The first of the two criteria is ‘Persistent Deficits in Social Communication and Interaction across Multiple Contexts’ under which there are three categories. The first being deficits in social emotional reciprocity which may include atypical social approach and failure of the back and forth exchange of normal conversation. In addition, there may be a failure to respond or initiate social interaction as well as reduced emotions, interest or effect sharing. In the scenario ‘Ben loves Trains’ it is indicated that Ben is content to play alone for hours, he doesn’t interact with his sister in
One of the most characteristic features of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) is its prominent higher prevalence among the male gender in comparison with the female gender. Although rates of ASD are consistent across cultures, these rates vary significantly by gender. It is the male gender that seems to be more affected by ASD with an average male-to-female ratio of 4.2:1, affecting 1 in 70 males and only 1 in 315 females (Fombonne, 2009). Although a well-known fact, the causes for such a great difference among sex ratios still remains unexplained, there are several hypotheses and studies trying to explain the reason for this inequality. In this paper I will outline some of the different attempts to explain the differences between the sex ratios. Among these attempts we can find diverse hypotheses that vary from the role of the sex hormones and genetic vulnerability to the biases of medical professionals during the diagnostic process (Goldman, 2013).
Every year doctors diagnose thousands of adults and children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Due to the growing awareness of autism and recent developments in technology, scientists and doctors can now discover and observe the effects of autism on society, and people. Starting with its discovery, researchers have been able to diagnose people more effectively. Doctors are beginning to discover what causes this disorder, and are currently trying to find ways to prevent and treat it. Many places have opened their doors to people with this disorder, creating autistic friendly environments where people are patient and understanding. Schools have also become accommodating to autistic children and adults. Autism also puts great strain on family and home lives.
Children with autism have multiple characteristic impairments in their social interaction skills. This results from the lack of “Theory of Mind” in autistic individuals. Autistic children have difficulty interpreting what another person may be thinking or feeling. Social impairments may cause the child to act inappropriately in social interactions and prevent the children from truly taking part in interactions. The children have difficulty recognizing social cues and responding to cues. Autistic children have a hard time forming relationships as a result of these impairments. Social stories, Applied Behavior Analysis, and Pivotal Response Training are three therapy techniques that help children with autism learn appropriate social behavior. Social stories allow the children to practice the situation in a lower stress environment. Applied Behavior Analysis utilizes positive reinforce to teach desired skills. Pivotal Response Training allows the child to learn social skills while in a natural play environment. Learning social skills through these techniques enable the children to have more meaningful relationships and engage more in their community.
In our society communication is a key component and vital to existence in success in this day in age. Not only communication but social skills, motor skills, and our basic senses are the platforms on which we build off of, well, in the world of autism communication is impacted and for that reason an audible disturbance can come off as a heavy impairment…..to the naked eye. In my experience working with autistic boys & girls has showed me the sheer beauty and honesty of how they communicate and relay their feelings and emotions. The autism spectrum disorder is commonly known. Autism has wide spectrum of severity ranging from low to high and in between. This literature review dissects the value of full functioning beings and autistic beings, and explains my interpretation of autism and their ability to find new components to life.
The findings used in this study help the researchers to determine the correlations, analysis of variance, allied tests and percentage of responses using the Likert scale in the disability and non-disability group. In the correlation data, the families well-beings represent the correlation between the Down Syndrome and Autism groups. Brown found that only five family's well-being was significant in the Autism group, while only seven in the Down Syndrome group. At the same time, four of the families well-being in the Down Syndrome groups shared significance with the Autism group. Overall the Autism group showed a higher correlation than the Down Syndrome group. The author suggests that family relations, leisure, and enjoyment of life, careers and preparing for careers and health are
Selective Mutism (SM) is an anxiety disorder that typically occurs in young children or adolescents. Selective Mutism is categorized by a child’s failure to speak and interact efficiently in certain communal settings, such as school or with some individuals (Blum, 2016). It is characterized by the insistent failure to communicate in select social settings in spite of having the capability to communicate and communicate at ease in a more accustomed setting. Children and adolescents with SM have a constant dread of speaking and of social interactions where there is an expectancy to speak and communicate. Therefore, a great deal
Twenty five percent of people around the world suffer from some sort of mental illness. That is about 2 billion people worldwide. People might not be able to recognize all of the people with the illnesses. One percent of all people are on the Autistic spectrum. Signs and symptoms normally appear between the ages of two and three, but there are early signs. There has been research for this disorder on the subject of causes, but the causes are unknown for the most part. The effects are complicated as well, and follow no specific rule, just a few outlines. There is not even one type of Autism, just the autistic spectrum, which encompasses all the different intensity levels of Autism. Autism is caused by many things, and not one in particular, but includes genetic vulnerability, complications during pregnancy, and various environmental factors, but the effects can be from social habits, behavior, and communication.
Autism spectrum disorder is a disorder in which many children struggle with. Children, who have ASD, struggle with communication and social interaction. With this disorder, there are many things that can be put into place for a child who has ASD to be able to function “normally” on a daily basis. Music therapy is one strategy that has been proven to be very successful with a child, who has ASD, to be able to function “normally;” especially when it comes to their social and communication skills.
Autism spectrum disorder has become the most common neurological and developmental disorder diagnosed in children today. The United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2012) estimate that 1 out of every 88 American children have been properly diagnosed. There is no known cure for autism, and the inconsistencies of the symptoms of autism in each case make it difficult to target a particular set of effective treatments. However some behavior management therapies, specifically physical therapy, may help to significantly control the unwanted symptoms in young children with autism spectrum disorder.
Autistic spectrum disorder is caused not only by environmental factors but also by genetic inheritability. This disorder can range from mild to severe and is shown in many different forms. Symptoms include speech impairment, disorganized language; sensory processing disorder which causes absent responses, sleep disorders, depression and anxiety, obsessive compulsive disorder and many more. Diagnosing autism does not include medical test but instead a team of physiologists and physicians observe the child during an autism-specific behavior evaluations and in some cases genetic testing is needed. The exact cause of autism is still unknown although there are many factors that play a role in it for example mother’s weight, teratogens and genetics. There is prenatal diagnosis of autism known as chromosomal microarray (CMA), the technology detects copy number variations (CNVs) — deletions or duplications of stretches of DNA that are too small to be seen using a microscope. CNVs have been increasingly linked to psychiatric and other disorders, including autism and schizophrenia (Emily Singer, 2012). This genetic disease runs in my family; it is on my mother’s side and my father’s side, as most cases of autism we don’t know whether it is from genetic or environmental causes, or both. If both parents carry the gene for autism the percentage for the child to carry it is very high, much higher than if only one parent carried it. In conclusion if you know you have this gene in your family, getting genetic counseling before having children would be a wise decision. Children with this disease cannot live a normal life and everyday functions are very difficult for people living with autistic spectrum disorder.
Introduction According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders [DSM-5] (American Psychiatric Association, 2013), anyone diagnosed with “autistic disorder, Asperger’s disorder, childhood disintegrative disorder, or the catch-all diagnosis of pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified” (p. 1) meets the criteria of having an Autism Spectrum Disorder [ASD]. Individuals with ASD commonly possess communication deficits and have difficulty in building relationships with peers. Communication deficits include interruptions or inappropriate responses during conversations and misinterpreting nonverbal interactions. These individuals may also develop an overdependence on routines, high sensitivity to environmental change,
He wakes up at 7 am every morning, asks for his bottle filled with pediasure, and does not get up unless he has his I-pad in his hand. He goes to the bathroom, is aided while brushing his teeth, and later is dressed for the day. Throughout the day he only eats crackers and peanut butter, certain fruit, and a soup with a banana for dinner. He uses his iPad all day to only watch Thomas the train video and enjoys watching “Pocoyo” on TV, only. He loves playing with his train tracks, playing his piano, designing with clay and building perfect towers with blocks. When he’s upset he slaps his arms and sometimes hits people. He has a small vocabulary. Nonetheless he’s loving, sweet, funny and smart. These symptoms are symptoms shared by children with
The summer before my freshman year of high school, the director of my dance school approached me with an opportunity. 25 years after she had opened the now flourishing institution, she has decided to start a program centered on introducing the world of dance and music to children with autism.