ADHD: Diagnosis, Treatment, Etiology, and Treatment Outlook
analytical Essay
1976 words
ADHD: Diagnosis, Treatment, Etiology, and Treatment Outlook Attention Deficit with hyper activity Disorder commonly known as ADHD is classified as a disruptive behavior disorder usually diagnosed in childhood. ADHD is the most commonly diagnosed behavior disorder of childhood. It appears to be more common in boys than it is girls. This Disorder is more common in boys than in girls and approximately five in one hundred children are affected (Busing). There are three subtypes: Predominantly hyperactive-impulsive, predominantly inattentive, combined hyperactive-impulsive and inattentive (most children have the combined type of ADHD)(nimh.nih.gov).The age of onset of ADHD is usually in preschool to early elementary school years. According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual “ the essential feature of Attention Deficit /Hyperactivity Disorder is a pattern of inattention and /or hyperactivity-impulsivity that is more severe than is typically observed in individuals at a comparable level of development”(DSMIVtm,p.78). The second essential feature is that the symptoms began before the child was seven years old. (DSMIVtm). As the child begins school or gets into early elementary school, when they should be able to focus and sit still and listen, their symptoms become more apparent, and that is usually when they get diagnosed (surgeon general). Another essential feature for diagnosis is that impairment must be in at least two settings. (nimh.nih.gov). Adults can have ADHD , although if they do, it existed undiagnosed when they were children.(nimh.nih.gov) Adults may unknowingly have ADHD. These are adults who may lack organization skills, be unable to keep a job, and forget appointments. Day to day life for an undiagnos... ... middle of paper ... ...on Deficit Disorder (ADHD) | Psych Central." Psych Central - Trusted Mental Health, Depression, Bipolar, ADHD and Psychology Information. 2007. Web. 28 May 2010. . "Mental Health: A Report of the Surgeon General - Chapter 3." Office of the Surgeon General (OSG). Web. 25 May 2010. . Myers, Dr Bob. "About ADHD « ADHD – Children: Information Tips for Parents." Child Development Institute - Keeping Parents Informed on Child Development, Psychology, Parenting. Child Development Institute. Web. 03 June 2010. . Stubbs, R. "ADHD - Ty Pennington Speaks Up." Addadhdblog.com. Web. 03 June 2010. .
In this essay, the author
- Explains that there is a genetic predisposition to develop adhd, but it is difficult to separate it from the environment.
- Analyzes how ty pennington was able to channel his abilities, once treated with a medication effective for him, and he went on to become famous.
- Explains that adhd is the most commonly diagnosed behavior disorder of childhood. it is more common in boys than in girls.
- Explains that there is a genetic predisposition to develop adhd, but it is difficult to separate it from the environment.
- Analyzes how ty pennington was able to channel his abilities, once treated with a medication effective for him, and he went on to become famous.
- Explains that adhd is the most commonly diagnosed behavior disorder of childhood. it is more common in boys than in girls.
- Explains that genetic changes in extra cellular molecules that weaken catecholamine transmission have been linked to adhd.
- Opines that adhd medications have different side effects, including decreased appetite and jitteriness. ty pennington, host of "abc's extreme makeover: home edition," has been diagnosed with adhd.
- Explains that add is a neurology of inattention,impulsivity, and hyperactivity. psych central - all about attention deficit disorder (add/adhd).
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- According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), about one-half of 1.6 million elementary school-aged children diagnosed with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have also been diagnosed with a learning disability (LD) (Brown University Child and Adolescence Behavior Letter, 2001). The American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (1997) stated that ADHD affects 3 to 5 percent of all children, and boys are three times more likely to be affected by the disorder than girls. The cause of ADHD is unknown, and the disorder and its symptoms are chronic and pervasive (www.asha.org). In the Fourth Edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual ADHD is categorized into three subtypes which are ADHD Predominantly Inattention Type, ADHD Predominantly Hyperactivity-Impulsive Type, and ADHD Combined Type.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that one-half of 1.6 million elementary school-aged children diagnosed with adhd have a learning disability. the cause of adhd is unknown, and its symptoms are chronic and pervasive.
- Explains that inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity have their effects on speech and language.
- Explains that marshall and hynd's study showed math achievement differences among the two subtypes. children with add without hyperactivity scored significantly lower in mathematics than children with adhd.
- Explains that one-half of 1.6 million elementary school-aged children diagnosed with adhd have a learning disability. the cause of adhd is unknown, and its symptoms are chronic and pervasive.
- Explains that inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity have their effects on speech and language.
- Explains that marshall and hynd's study showed math achievement differences among the two subtypes. children with add without hyperactivity scored significantly lower in mathematics than children with adhd.
- Explains that the kaufman test of educational achievement (ktea) was given to 4 groups of children that measured reading decoding, reading comprehension, spelling, and arithmetic computation.
- Explains that the study of prater investigated the effects of self-monitoring of academic performance and on-task behaviors on children with learning disabilites and add/adhd.
1238 wordsRead More - Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorderexplanatory essayADHD is broken into three subtypes. The first is those who are impulsive and hyperactive. The second type is made up from those who are inattentive only. The third group is those who display all of these symptoms combined. In the United States, 3-5% of children show signs of this disorder. It has also been shown that the disorder is more dominant in boys. Many children with ADHD do not outgrow this disorder and carry it on into their adult lives. Various studies have shown that two-thirds of children with ADHD still have the disorder in their 20’s making it is a problem which affects children and adults alike.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that attention deficit hyperactivity disorder creates a great deal of discussions among professionals. there are theories presented from each side about what causes it, how to asses it.
- Explains that adhd is a set of behavioral problems revolving around three main symptoms: incapacity to keep their attention focus, impulsiveness, hyperactivity, and restlessness.
- Explains that adhd is broken into three subtypes: impulsive and hyperactive, inattentive only, and all three. in the united states, 3-5% of children show signs of adhd.
- Explains that attention deficit hyperactivity disorder creates a great deal of discussions among professionals. there are theories presented from each side about what causes it, how to asses it.
- Explains that adhd is a set of behavioral problems revolving around three main symptoms: incapacity to keep their attention focus, impulsiveness, hyperactivity, and restlessness.
- Explains that adhd is broken into three subtypes: impulsive and hyperactive, inattentive only, and all three. in the united states, 3-5% of children show signs of adhd.
- Explains that the dsm iv states that in order to accurately diagnose adhd, the patient must show at least six symptoms. symptoms must have been displayed prior the age of seven and must be present in both social and academic settings.
- Explains the need for specific guidelines in diagnosing adhd because sufferers may show symptoms that stem from other issues. bright students may find their work un-stimulating and become bored, thus becoming inattentive.
- Explains that the diagnosis of adhd offers many challenges, but determining its causes may be an even greater challenge.
- Explains the core issue with adhd is the incapacity to remain focused on any one activity, which causes the person to be unable to finish tasks.
- Explains that there are arguments against the theory that the disorder is neurologically based. some parents claim that their child pays attention if there is something interesting going on.
- Argues that adhd is genetic and runs in the family. strong evidence shows that children with adhd also have parents that suffer.
- Explains that treatment methods on how treat adhd are widely debated. some believe that mild symptoms should only be given psychological, social and educational therapy.
- Explains that the most effective way to treat patients, is through the use of medication. stimulant and non-stimulant drugs are most commonly used.
- Explains that adhd clinics claim to have a success rate between 80-95% and see improvement in key symptoms. however, there are short-term side effects such as headaches, loss of appetite, and sleeping difficulty.
- Opines that there are some who fear there may be long-term problems with these drugs such as growth suppression. there have been studies refuting this theory.
- Explains that adderall is expensive and costs on average $750 per year for on a daily dose of 30mg. the cost jumps to over $3000 with assessments and follow-ups.
- Opines that we must be careful when dealing with adhd and must look at the symptoms and treatment methods on a case by case basis.
- Explains that non-pharmacological treatments for adhd: a lifespan approach. ramsay, j. russell.
- Explains the effectiveness and safety limits of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder pharmacotherapy in children and adults.
- Explains the american psychiatric association's diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders.
1337 wordsRead More - Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorderexplanatory essayAttention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder is a psychological condition that usually begins in early childhood and often lasts into adulthood (University of Illinois, n.d.). Have you ever noticed a child having trouble concentrating, that can't seem to sit still, who interrupts others during their conversation, or has acted impulsively without thinking? Most of us can think of a child that has these problems, but for some children, these behaviors are uncontrollable and can interfere with their ability to form friendships or their success in school (Bussing & Grohol, n.d.).
In this essay, the author
- Explains that the paper will describe attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (adhd), the different causative factors, and the diagnosis of this disorder.
- Explains that attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder is a psychological condition that usually begins in early childhood and often lasts into adulthood.
- Explains the three broad sets of symptoms associated with adhd: inattention and distractibility, hyperactivity, and impulsivity.
- Explains that the paper will describe attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (adhd), the different causative factors, and the diagnosis of this disorder.
- Explains that attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder is a psychological condition that usually begins in early childhood and often lasts into adulthood.
- Explains the three broad sets of symptoms associated with adhd: inattention and distractibility, hyperactivity, and impulsivity.
- Explains the dsm-iv-tr criteria for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
- Explains that six (or more) of the following symptoms of inattention have been present, lasted for at least 6 months, and are not appropriate for the child's developmental level.
- Explains the symptoms of hyperactivity-impulsivity, which include difficulty organizing tasks and activities, distractions, and forgetting to do daily activities.
- Opines that a person can't play quietly or engage in leisure activities if they're 'driven by motors'. they cite butcher, mineka, and hooley.
- Explains that there are currently three sub-types of adhd: predominately inattentive, hyperactive-impulsive, and combined.
- Explains that genetics, environmental factors, brain injuries, nutrition, and social environments might contribute to adhd. researchers have identified neuro-developmental factors and neurophysiological deficits in several neurotransmitter systems as contributing factors.
- Explains that a licensed health professional needs to gather information about the child, and his or her behavior and environment.
- Explains that the specialist will check school and medical records to see if there are any abnormalities in the child's home or school settings.
- Explains that there are two types of medications that are used for treating adhd: stimulants and non-stimulants.
- Explains the different types of psychotherapy that are useful in treating adhd, such as behavioral therapy and social skills. children with adhd need their parents and teachers to guide and understand them.
- Reports that as of 2011, 6.4 million children between the ages of 4 and 17 have been diagnosed with adhd.
- Concludes that adhd is a common childhood mental disorder that affects millions of children, but with the proper treatment plan, most children can learn how to function with this disorder.
- Explains that the centers for disease control and prevention (cdc) has released data on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (adhd).
- Cites university of illinois' a student's guide to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (adhd).
1487 wordsRead More - Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorderanalytical essayNakamura, K. Richard. “Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorders: Are Children Being Overmedicated?” National Institute of Mental Health. 2002. Web. 02 May 2014.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that experts have different views on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (adhd) regarding diagnosis, medication and dependency in children resulting from use of stimulants.
- Explains that one in five high school boys have received medical treatment for adhd. prescription of stimulants such as ritalin and adderall for children has led to anxiety, addiction, and psychosis.
- Explains that 1 in 5 high school boys have undergone medical diagnosis and 11% of the school children have received a diagnosis of adhd.
- Explains that experts have different views on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (adhd) regarding diagnosis, medication and dependency in children resulting from use of stimulants.
- Explains that one in five high school boys have received medical treatment for adhd. prescription of stimulants such as ritalin and adderall for children has led to anxiety, addiction, and psychosis.
- Explains that 1 in 5 high school boys have undergone medical diagnosis and 11% of the school children have received a diagnosis of adhd.
- Explains that the diagnosis of adhd is only done by talking to parents or teachers. there is no other test that is conducted to ascertain the development of the disorder.
- Argues that over-medication is driven by the high rate of production of stimulants for the last 3 decades.
- Explains that the use of ritalin is widely accepted in a global society for treatment of children with adhd.
- Analyzes how schwarz and cohen (2013) point out that parents are on rush to help their kids with questionable behaviors and poor grades in schools, but make such decisions without conducting tests that can ascertain the consequences of drug use.
- Explains that the diagnosis of adhd has become too wide resulting in needless and harmful treatment for children.
- Argues that a large percentage of minors diagnosed with adhd do not receive relevant treatment to curb the disorder.
- Explains that the diagnosis of adhd varies from state to state in the u.s.
- Opines that adhd diagnosis may have become too broad causing 'needless and harmful' treatment for children, warns study.
1612 wordsRead More - Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)comparative essayWhat is ADHD? Attention Deficit Disorder (AD/HD) is mostly an organic problem, which tends to run in families. ADHD is the most commonly diagnosed behavioral disorder in childhood. An estimated 3 to 5 percent of the general population suffers from the disorder, which is characterized by agitated behavior and an inability to focus on tasks.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ad/hd) is an organic problem, which tends to run in families.
- Explains that adhd affects many areas of a child's life, including self-esteem, academic skills, social relationships, and family relationships. stimulants have been used for over 50 years in the treatment of children with adhd.
- Opines that the classroom can be one of the most aggravating places for the adhd student, his/her classmates, and the teacher.
- Explains that attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ad/hd) is an organic problem, which tends to run in families.
- Explains that adhd affects many areas of a child's life, including self-esteem, academic skills, social relationships, and family relationships. stimulants have been used for over 50 years in the treatment of children with adhd.
- Opines that the classroom can be one of the most aggravating places for the adhd student, his/her classmates, and the teacher.
- Advises students to surround themselves with role models, preferably students who view them as significant others. bob seay, author of teaching the ad/hd student, lists a few helpful tips to decrease distractions.
- Recommends seating adhd students in the front, middle of the room, incorporating learning activities into your classes, and working with them one-on-one if you can.
- Advises students to keep eye contact during verbal instructions, make directions clear and concise, simplify complex directions, and avoid multiple commands.
- Explains that children will need more help for longer periods of time than the average child. studies show that symptoms of childhood adhd persist into adulthood in about half of the cases.
- Explains that there is not a cure for adhd, although medication helps there are side effects. they decided to major in education but minor in special ed to help children like the student at college park elementary school.
- Cites about.com, the council for exceptional children, and vitiello m.d., benedetto. long-term effects of stimulant medications in ad/hd children.
- Explains that attention deficit hyperactivity disorder adults: comorbidities and adaptive impairments.
1078 wordsRead More - Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)explanatory essayAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), more commonly referred to as ADD (Attention Deficit Disorder), has only recently come to notice of scientists. It affects 3.5 million people under the age of 18 and 5 million people over the age of 18. Its current cause of existence is due to defects at neurotransmitter sites, rendering patients inattentive and impulsive. However, every year more progress is made in locating the cause and finding more effective treatments. ADHD's first diagnosis was made in 1902 by Dr. George Still. He observed 20 children who were inattentive, impulsive, hyperactive, and showed mood swings. He initially attributed their behavior to mild brain damage. By 1917 ADHD or constantly active was still thought to have this cause. At this time, viral encephalitis seemed to be linked to the disease because, after being infected, children had impaired attention, memory, and impulse control. In 1937 ADHD was known as minimal brain dysfunction and began to be treated with amphetamines, which made children with the disorder much calmer.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (adhd) affects 3.5 million people under 18 and 5 million over the age of 18. it is due to defects at neurotransmitter sites, rendering patients inattentive and impulsive.
- States that the diagnostical and statistical manual of mental disorder, fourth edition, has cumulated all the various behaviors of children with adhd and listed 9 trademark symptoms of adhd.
- Explains that adhd is a maladaptive behavior that can be eliminated by examining the child's developmental history and current behavior.
- Explains that attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (adhd) affects 3.5 million people under 18 and 5 million over the age of 18. it is due to defects at neurotransmitter sites, rendering patients inattentive and impulsive.
- States that the diagnostical and statistical manual of mental disorder, fourth edition, has cumulated all the various behaviors of children with adhd and listed 9 trademark symptoms of adhd.
- Explains that adhd is a maladaptive behavior that can be eliminated by examining the child's developmental history and current behavior.
- Explains that the most popular method of diagnosis of adhd is the attention deficit disorder behavior rating scale (addbr).
- Explains that the most widely accepted cause of adhd is neurotransmitter deficiencies. dopamine and nerepenephrin regulate attention and impulsiveness areas of the brain.
- Explains that patients with adhd have decreased blood flow and lower levels of electrical activity in the frontal lobes, lower glucose metabolism in regions that regulate movement and attention, and resistance to the thyroid hormone.
- Explains that the cause of adhd points to biological disturbances, so medications are used to diminish the disorder.
- Explains that ritalin, dexedrine, and cylert are the most commonly used stimulants to alleviate the symptoms of adhd.
- Explains that sometimes other medications are needed in addition to stimulants or antidepressants. beta-blockers decrease anxiety and tension. clonidine helps to increase calmness. depression is a common complaint of adhd patients.
- Argues that some psychologists feel that adhd patients need special education and therapy more than medication. therapy aids in adjustment to the disorder, but medication helps the actual symptoms.
- Explains that there is much to be learned about attention deficit disorder, but current treatments are effective. the sooner adhd is detected, the sooner the child can live a more normal lifestyle into his/her adulthood.
- Explains that oedipus and the momma's boys: attention deficit disorder paper/resource page from an adder.
1014 wordsRead More - Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)argumentative essayIt is normal for children to have trouble focusing and behaving at one time or another. But for children with the disorder these symptoms are constantly occurring in their young lives. The symptoms continue and can cause difficulty in several settings. This behavioral disorder is characterized by inattention, impulsivity and hyperactivity. These symptoms usually occur together but one can occur without the other. When present, the symptoms of hyperactivity are almost always visible at the age of seven years and may be also visible at a younger age. The lack of attention is not completely obvious until the child faces certain situations, such as school work. A child with ADHD might have hard time paying attention, be easily distracted, have difficulty listening to others, daydream a lot, inter...
In this essay, the author
- Explains that adhd is characterized by inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. the lack of attention is not apparent until the child faces certain situations, such as school work.
- Explains the three main types of adhd: the inattentive type, the hyperactive-impulsive type and the combined type.
- Explains that scientists are studying causes and risk factors that might contribute to the development of adhd in an attempt to better control and reduce the chances of a person having the disorder.
- Explains that adhd is characterized by inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. the lack of attention is not apparent until the child faces certain situations, such as school work.
- Explains the three main types of adhd: the inattentive type, the hyperactive-impulsive type and the combined type.
- Explains that scientists are studying causes and risk factors that might contribute to the development of adhd in an attempt to better control and reduce the chances of a person having the disorder.
- Explains that adhd can't be cured, but it can be successfully managed with medication and behavioral therapy.
- Estimates that about 2 million children, that's approximately 3-5 % of school aged children have adhd, and about 5 million adults have been diagnosed with common disorder.
- Explains that adhd causes problems at home, school, work, and social gatherings. without treatment, the disorder causes many controversies.
- Explains the diagnostic criteria for adhd are outlined in the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental health (dsm-iv).
- Argues that the explosion of childhood adhd is indicative of what's wrong with our society and education system.
974 wordsRead More - ADHD Classificationexplanatory essayThe defining characteristics of ADHD are inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity. Inattention means lacking attention. A child with symptoms of inattention may have trouble listening and following directions or staying organized. Hyperactivity describes when a child is unusually and effortlessly excited. Short attention span and strong emotions describe a person who is hyperactive. And finally, impulsivity is when a person carries out a behavior without prior thought of the consequences. Impulsivity can be behavior, as in the things a person does, or cognitive, as in the way a person thinks and makes choices. A child with ADHD may experience difficulties at home, school, and with friends. At home a child may have trou...
In this essay, the author
- Explains that adhd is a common and often relentless disorder in children. it is hyperactive, easily distracted and impulsive, causing problems emotionally, academically, and socially.
- Explains that the proper classification of adhd is still undecided, however, over the past 60 years there have been any different terms used to describe the disorder.
- Explains the three defining characteristics of adhd: inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity.
- Explains that adhd is a common and often relentless disorder in children. it is hyperactive, easily distracted and impulsive, causing problems emotionally, academically, and socially.
- Explains that the proper classification of adhd is still undecided, however, over the past 60 years there have been any different terms used to describe the disorder.
- Explains the three defining characteristics of adhd: inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity.
- Explains that the diagnostic and statistical manual (dsm) categorizes adhd into three groups: predominantly independent, hyperactive-impulsive, and combined.
- Explains that co morbidity is often present in children with adhd, often experiencing one or more behavioral disorders that affect the ability to function normally.
- Explains that adhd is caused by biological factors, mostly involving the central nervous system. genetic research on adhd has increased immensely in the past 5 years.
- Explains that while genetic and environmental factors are associated with adhd and externalizing disorders, the largest contributions to comorbid adhd were made by shared familial and contextual factors.
- Explains that adhd results from multiple causes including, biological-genetic, family environment, and community factors.
- Explains the main subtypes of adhd are distinct. research shows that it is possible they have different etiologies and responses to treatment.
1379 wordsRead More - Over-diagnosis of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)explanatory essayAttention Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder is a disorder composed of three major components: inattentiveness, impulsivity, and motor hyperactivity. Symptoms of these components include excessive fidgeting with hands or feet, repeated difficulty remaining seated, following through on instructions, extreme difficulty in attempting to play quietly, and excessive interruption of conversations, just to list a few. A child with ADHD can bear one or all of these features, depending on the severity of the case. These children usually have functional impairments in a variety of places including the home, school, and in relationships with fellow peers. These signs can come and go, being extremely prevalent one day and unnoticeable the next.
In this essay, the author
- Analyzes how bobby leaped out of his seat seven times to sharpen his pencil, accidentally colliding with other students desks and chairs, sending papers and books plunging to the floor.
- Explains that attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder is a disorder composed of three major components: inattentiveness, impulsivity, and motor hyperactivity. symptoms include excessive fidgeting with hands or feet, repeated difficulty remaining seated, following through on instructions, extreme difficulty in playing quietly.
- Explains that adhd is a complicated disorder, and there is no clear consensus on what the cause or causes of this disease are.
- Analyzes how bobby leaped out of his seat seven times to sharpen his pencil, accidentally colliding with other students desks and chairs, sending papers and books plunging to the floor.
- Explains that attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder is a disorder composed of three major components: inattentiveness, impulsivity, and motor hyperactivity. symptoms include excessive fidgeting with hands or feet, repeated difficulty remaining seated, following through on instructions, extreme difficulty in playing quietly.
- Explains that adhd is a complicated disorder, and there is no clear consensus on what the cause or causes of this disease are.
- Explains that adhd affects two million children in the united states, which translates into three to five percent of all school-age children. however, there is not proper testing for adhd before the diagnosis is completed.
- Explains that doctors quickly diagnose adhd due to the persistence of parents. they demand drugs from their doctors, and if they refuse to fulfill their demands, they will find a physician that is more understanding of their views.
- Explains that ritalin is the most popular stimulant to be prescribed and has a series of adverse side effects.
- Explains that doctors have to find a new way to deal with this overwhelming increase in adhd more effectively, instead of continually administering ritalin.
- Explains that in eeg training for adhd, they present information to the child about what is happening at that moment in his cortex.
- Describes how a thirteen-year-old boy, named david, was diagnosed with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and placed on ritalin.
- Explains how david's adhd was diagnosed by a licensed psychologist and certified neurotherapist at a center for educational and personal development (cepd). he began using neurofeedback to alter his brain functioning so he could daydream less and pay attention more.
- Explains that ritalin is used to treat attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children. the drug is prescribed to children who are manipulated into something that they are not.
- Explains barkley, r. a., attention deficit hyperactivity disorder - a handbook for diagnosis and treatment.
- Opines that biederman, joseph m.d., and faraone, stephen ph
2641 wordsRead More - Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)explanatory essayAttention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), once called hyperkinesis or minimal brain dysfunction, is one of the most common mental disorders among children. (Elia, Ambrosini, Rapoport, 1999) It affects 3 to 5 percent of all children, with approximately 60% to 80% of these children experiencing persistence of symptoms into adolescence and adulthood, causing a lifetime of frustrated dreams and emotional pain. There are two types of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: an inattentive type and a combined type. The symptoms of ADHD can be classified into three categories: inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. This behaviour stops ADHD sufferers from focussing deliberately on organising and completing a specific task that they may not enjoy, learning new skills or information is proved to be impossible. An example of such behaviour is recognised by the report written by the National Institute of Mental Health where one of the subjects under study was unable to pass schooling examinations due to her inattentive behaviour. Such behaviour can damage the person's relationships with others in addition to disrupting their daily life, consuming energy, and diminishing self-esteem. (National Institute of Mental Health 1999) There are also secondary symptoms which are associated with ADHD, such as learning disorders, anxiety, depression and other mood disorders, tic disorders, and conduct disorders. (Spencer, Biederman, and Wilens 1999 in Monastra V, Monastra D, George, 2002)
In this essay, the author
- Explains that attention deficit hyperactivity disorder affects 3 to 5 percent of children, with persistence of symptoms into adolescence and adulthood.
- Explains that stimulant drugs are widely used to treat the symptoms of adhd, such as methylphenidate, dextroamphetamine and pemoline.
- Explains the effectiveness of atomoxetine, a stimulant drug used for the treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.
- Explains that attention deficit hyperactivity disorder affects 3 to 5 percent of children, with persistence of symptoms into adolescence and adulthood.
- Explains that stimulant drugs are widely used to treat the symptoms of adhd, such as methylphenidate, dextroamphetamine and pemoline.
- Explains the effectiveness of atomoxetine, a stimulant drug used for the treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.
- Explains that another trial on the topic of treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder has included five newest food and drug administration (fda) approved stimulant agents — concerta, metadate cd, ritalin la, adderall xr, focalin.
- Explains that innovative technology has fuelled the development of new release mechanisms and isolation of active enantiomer components with the hopes of enhancing the duration of action and improving the safety and effectiveness of stimulant agents.
- Explains that concerta was the first extended relief or long-lasting drug available for the sufferers of adhd. metadate cd is the second stimulant drug on the market.
- Compares the characteristics of newly approved psychostimulants based on age and over 6 years. the recommended daily dose is 54 mg 60 mg.
- Explains that ritalin la uses the spheroidal oral drug absorption system (sodas) technology producing the same effect as a normal stimulant taken at four-hour intervals.
- Explains that the final experiment that researches the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder focuses on the combining effects of stimulant therapy, such as ritalin, eeg biofeedback, and the parenting style.
- Explains that research is done to improve conditions and quality of life for those suffering from attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. stimulant therapy can be conveniently taken once a day. alternative treatments are available.
- Cites brown university child and adolescent behavior center's report that fda approves new nonstimulant treatment for adhd.
- Cites michelson, albert j. allen, joan busner, charles casat, david dunn, christopher kratochvil, jeffrey newcorn, f. randy sallee, r. bart sangal, keith saylor, scott west, douglas kelsey,
- Explains the effects of stimulant therapy, eeg biofeedback, and parenting style on the primary symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
1686 wordsRead More - The Overdiagnosis of ADD/ADHDanalytical essaySchneider H, Eisenberg D. Who receives a diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in the United States elementary school population? Pediatrics. 2006;117(4):601-609.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that hyperactivity, compulsivity, and inattention are symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, which is the most widely diagnosed mental-illness in children.
- Explains that teachers, administration, and doctors want stimulants to make a child more manageable, or well-behaved. medications for add/adhd are controlled substances and should not be given to any child without asking the question, "is this the only option?"
- Cites the american academy of pediatrics: changes in practice and characteristics of pediatricians: 2000 v 1993. early diagnosis is central to new adhd guidelines.
- Explains that hyperactivity, compulsivity, and inattention are symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, which is the most widely diagnosed mental-illness in children.
- Explains that teachers, administration, and doctors want stimulants to make a child more manageable, or well-behaved. medications for add/adhd are controlled substances and should not be given to any child without asking the question, "is this the only option?"
- Cites the american academy of pediatrics: changes in practice and characteristics of pediatricians: 2000 v 1993. early diagnosis is central to new adhd guidelines.
- Evaluates the evidence for and against the overdiagnosis of adhd in the united states elementary school population.
905 wordsRead More - Overview of ADHDnarrative essayAttention-Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder, otherwise known as ADHD, is the most common psychiatric condition effecting 9.5% of school-aged children in the United States (intuniv, 2013). If the disorder goes untreated, it will cause more long-term side effects and difficulties for the individual as an adult. Adults who have this condition face several adversities in every day life, such as impulsive behavior, low self-esteem and poor work performance. People are not aware of the complications that come with ADHD in adults. Not knowing the symptoms of the disease can cause people to not be sympathetic when they are interacting with someone with disorder.
In this essay, the author
- Cites the white house's presidential proclamation -- national mental health awareness month, 2013.
- Cites smith, m., segel, j. and ramsey, d. (2013, 9). add / adhd medications.
- Explains that adhd is the most common psychiatric condition that affects 9.5% of school-aged children in the united states.
- Cites the white house's presidential proclamation -- national mental health awareness month, 2013.
- Cites smith, m., segel, j. and ramsey, d. (2013, 9). add / adhd medications.
- Explains that adhd is the most common psychiatric condition that affects 9.5% of school-aged children in the united states.
- Cites the national center on birth defects and developmental disabilities for information on adhd.
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