Games seem to provide a substantive opportunity for positive intergenerational contact. The context of games provides opportunities for high quality, close contact between players and a rich context for engagement and reciprocal interaction among age groups. Mahmud, Mubin, Shahid, & Martens (2010) believed that “[i]ntergenerational games are known to enhance social bonding between children and the older adults and provide a gateway to overcome and breach social distances” (p. 148). Playing games “allows players to help each other to achieve simple common goals and equal status from taking on different roles flexibly” (Chua, Jung, Lwin, & Theng, 2013, p. 2305). Escape games, also known as escape rooms, are adventure games in which a group of …show more content…
Case study is an appropriate method for exploratory and descriptive studies, because it focuses on how and why questions and enables the researcher to explore a phenomenon in context, using a variety of data sources (Yin, 2003). This quality “ensures that the issue is not explored through one lens, but rather a variety of lenses which allows for multiple facets of the phenomenon to be revealed and understood” (Baxter & Jack, 2008, p. 544). Therefore, a qualitative case study design is suitable for this study because the research questions are exploratory, the behavior of the participants cannot be manipulated, contextual conditions are significant to the point that the boundaries between the context and the phenomenon are blurred (Yin, 2003). Finally, since qualitative case study is rooted in the constructivist paradigm, it values the participants’ views of reality which can open the window for the researcher to understand their …show more content…
These components are: 1) research questions; 2) propositions or purpose of study; 3) unit analysis; 4) logic that links data to propositions; and 5) criteria for interpreting findings. The first two components have already been discussed. The units of analysis, or the cases, which correspond to the research questions, are the experience of the two age groups in escape rooms and the design elements of escape rooms that affect intergenerational interaction and collaboration. As for connecting the data to the proposition, it should be noted that this case study has not clearly stated propositions, rather connections will be made between the data collected through various methods, as well as to the research questions, and the patterns emerged from the themes will be converged to answer the research questions. Finally, the criteria for interpreting finding will be based on the coding of the data and the careful interpretations of the researcher which would eventually result in conclusions and recommendation for future
“The general sucked in his breath and smiled. "I congratulate you," he said. "You have won the game."
Case study uses information obtained from one person or a few people to illuminate the behaviors of others and suggest further research. Sigmund Freud popularized case study along with his psychonalytic theory of personality. A major advantage of the case study is that focussed on one person allows researchers to gather a great deal of detailed information. The goal of a case study is to use the information gathered from one person to understand the behaviors of others. “The case study is often used by used by psychologist in order to research into aspects of the human psyche.” (Keirs, 2009) Psychologist use experiments, interviews, questionnaires, observations, diaries, and psychometric tests are used within a case study. There are two basic types of case study; retrospective and longitudinal. In retrospective, your information comes from the history of the person you are studying. If it were a person who was being studied, you would have been to interview the person about their childhood and their family, as a result developed a report of their life and early life. In contrast longitudinal, investigates the future. They research consequences of a certain situation that has happened. The key feature in the case study method is subject matter. The subject matter is usually a person or an animal. Much like experimental case study, it often uses variables. As with any other method, it has its advantages and disadvantages. The advantage of case study is the ecological validity of it. The information that is used in these studies is from real life environment. The information is good information because the research is so in depth. The research if often very useful. There are also disadvantages and potential disadvantages. One main disadvantage is case studies usually relate to one individual, and what applies to you may not apply to me. Replication would not be easy with case study because of the unique situations.
The author could have employed other methods of qualitative research such as, narrative analysis, grounded theory, discourse analysis, data display and analysis, content analysis and quantifying qualitative data and computer assisted qualitative data analysis software (CAPDAS) (Saunders et al., 2016). Nevertheless, these approaches seem cumbersome sometimes and take a long time to complete (Willig, 1999; Braun and Clarke, 2006 and Smith and Bekker,
Qualitative and quantitative methods allow researchers to investigate, explore and inquire the nature of the phenomenon being studied. It is important that the researcher develops a clear understanding of the problem and design a plan to investigate it (Cresswell, 1998, para. 1). There are a variety of research methods; nevertheless, it is important to consider which research method is appropriate for the study. Qualitative research focuses on human experiences while quantitative research relies on numbers, measurements, and testing. Nevertheless, qualitative and quantitative methods use similar approaches to conduct research and collect data. For example, observations and interviews are approaches used in both research designs; however, the approaches are used and viewed otherwise. This will be discussed later in the paper.
The frame of qualitative research is broadly within the socially constructed, advocacy /participatory theories that assert that social construction determine meaning, and therefore, there are multiple truths to discover (Parylo, 2012). Some of the data from qualitative research is collected from interviews, observations, and field notes. The researcher adds codes to the data to allow for analysis and interpretation, taking into account the context and personal values of the researcher (Parylo, 2012). Creswell (2014) notes that qua...
Video games have now become a social event and people are starting to play in groups and pairs. Henry Jenkins stated that “sixty percent of frequent gamers play with friends, thirty five percent play with siblings, and twenty five percent play with spouses and parents “(Jenkins, 451). Video games have become a middle ground for people to come together and enjoy each others company. In our society today, video games have brought people together through the internet. Gaming community has developed on chat sites, YouTube, and even Facebook.
The purpose of this case study is to investigate and bring new insight to situations and behaviors within an organization. Case studies are learning tools which utilize social science research to identify and resolve individual and organizational challenges (K. Mariama-Arthur Esq., 2015).
When I was first reading Boy21, I realized the theme of escape would become very important to the novel. Finley uses basketball as an escape from everything going on in his life. He uses it to block out the past and the future. Erin, Finley’s girlfriend, uses basketball as an escape. She uses it as an escape from her ties to the Irish mob. Russ also known as Boy21 uses his own methods to escape from his troubles. He uses space to block out his past. Russ has a troubled past since his parents’ murder and has to adjust to the horrible town of Bellmont. Bellmont is a hellhole of a town with mobs and gangs taking over. That reason alone is why Finley and Erin want to leave. The theme of escape is very prevalent in the lives of Erin, Russ, and Finley.
What is a case study? A case study is a process or record of research in which detailed consideration is given to the development of a particular person, group, or situation over a period of time. There is many different types of cases; rape, robbery, arson, kidnapping and finally murder. Case studies lead to trials;a formal examination of evidence before a judge, and typically before a jury, in order to decide guilt in a case of criminal or civil proceedings. One famous case study that went to trial was Jodi Arias Trial. Her case was her getting convicted of brutally murdering her ex-boyfriend, Travis Alexander.
The setting is essential to the plot of Richard Connell’s story, “ The Most Dangerous Game”. The setting really makes the story believable for many examples. One vital example for the story to be believable is the isolated island. Without the island, nothing would work out for General Zaroff. Everybody would see what General Zaroff is doing and would report it to the police. In addition to keeping him safe, he also has protection from people by the sharp rocks around the island because nobody want to ruin their boat. So not only could nobody come onto the island, nobody could get onto the island, nobody could get off the island. While Rainsford is running away from the dogs,“He saw that straight flight was futile . . . He was in a picture with
In the present time, video games make up a large part of many country’s cultures. Since the first video games produced on room-sized computers back in 19471, just what kind of things caused video games to evolve into the enormous industry of the 21st century? The advancement in video games can be largely attributed to improvements in technology, precedents set by certain integral video game companies, but was also set back by a crash in the market in 1983.
The experience of game play can be described as an activity in which the player is virtually embodied in the game world. Anyone who has experienced the world of gaming knows how the engaging experience can manifest itself with “sweaty palms and chills down the spine” (http://www.eludamos.org/index.php/eludamos/article/viewArticle/80/147) when coming face-to-face with alien creatures; or with the adrenaline rush we get when racing a high speed automobile head-to-head with a friend. Gaming is an excellent source of entertainment. It provides an opportunity for social growth, provides a meaningful form of exploring expression, and provides heightened sensitivity.
Case studies are a collection of data obtained using various methods gathered on an individual or group to record areas of interest in order to assist with analysis and provide recommendations. The study should include the name of the person, although this should be protected to provide anonymity where appropriate, and a brief description of the subject. The setting where the study is to be performed should be included. The aim of the observation must be presented along with a report of the findings. The type of method used will depend upon the subject and the area of interest. Data is gathered on the subject in this case observations were used to provide the data. An interpretation of the study will be made in order to provide a conclusion and recommendations made if applicable. Freud famously used the case studies that he carried out on his patients to develop his Psychoanalytic Theory.
Qualitative research was designed as a way to be directly connected with the subjects researched. Participant researchers may choose to merely observe and collect data or to be an active participant. Covert participation has the advantage of reducing the “reactive effects” of the social setting or group (Bachman & Schutt, 2012). Most researchers who use the participation method of research will often strike a balance between participation and observation. Through participation, an observer may gain the trust of the research subjects which can provide more fruitful results. Some research may however be unethical or a violation of law. A good researcher should use prudence beforehand when crafting their research design.
...chniques and procedures among those associated with quantitative or qualitative research. A literature review, which included document analysis, was used to answer sub-questions one, two and three. A model building approach was suggested to answer sub-question four. In addition, the study uses a case study as a proof-of-concept. The use of a case study is a qualitative empirical study to strengthen the research validity. Since the research methods directly responding to the research questions (Literature review and Model building) make use of textual data, we classified this study as a qualitative study. Table 3.1 below summarises the classification of this study in terms of the dimensions discussed above.