deserted to the Peloponnesians and industry and commerce shrank (Botsford and Robinson 218). This had a tremendous impact on Athens' economy and ability to finance the war. With enemies at its back, Athens was unable to mass its forces in Sicily to conquer Syracuse. This hampered the expeditionjespecially in its lack of cavalry which Athens held back to defend Attica. Another failure was the Athenian utter disregard for operational security that greatly hampered the expedition. During the Syracusan
Dionysius I of Syracuse garnered a reputation as a warmongering tyrant who harmed his people with his oppressive regime. However many surviving sources that explore his rule were written by people who were ideologically opposed to perceived tyrants. It is therefore quite possible that aspects of Dionysius rule where left out or exaggerated to suit the author`s anti-tyrannical agenda. It is the intention of this paper to argue that Dionysius rule did in fact benefit Syracuse more than he harmed
Thucydides multifaceted yet thorough account of the Athenian expedition to Sicily in 415 BC allows a modern strategist an opportune and relevant model for the application of the end-ways-means construct for analyzing Athenian strategy. Through insights gained reviewing this campaign’s planning and execution, I will illustrate and link justifications for the Athenian intended ends. I will similarly articulate their ways through their planning and methods, then their means through their resources
They killed the citizens of this city while they also caused trouble in the neighbouring towns. The King of Syracuse went after them, surrounded them and cut off their supplies in order to force them to surrender. They asked Rome for help but the King was a friend of Rome, after a delay, it was agreed to help them sighting fears that Carthage would be asked to
first Punic war was fought to settle control over the critical islands of Sicily and Corsica. In 264 BCE, the Carthaginians interfered in a feud between Messana and Syracuse, the two main cities on Sicilian west coast, and settled a companionship on the island. Acknowledging this challenge, Rome, invaded Messana and made the Carthaginian depart. In 260 BCE, a fleet of the Romans declined to achieve complete control of Sicily, but opened the way to Corsica, the Carthaginians were evacuated. In 256
to take the entire island of Sicily, probably because of its location in the Mediterranean, it was a strategic location for their navy.
defining trading rights over the year . In 264 B.C., Rome decided to intervene in a dispute on the western coast of the island of Sicily involving an attack by soldiers from the city of Syracuse against the city of Messina. While Carthage supported Syracuse, Rome supported Messina, and the struggle soon exploded into a direct conflict between the two powers, with control of Sicily at stake. Over the course of nearly 20 years, Rome rebuilt its entire fleet in order to confront Carthage's powerful navy,
but eventually it was decided that they would wage war on the Carthaginians. The Carthaginians were then told that they must halt their invasion or war would be waged. They did not stop and Rome declared war. The first battle was fought entirely in Sicily, in 263BCE, and since the Romans were the superior fighters they took the ground battle and continued to prevail until 256BCE. After the victory over Carthage, the Romans began besieging Greek cities that allied with the Carthaginians. The Romans
spontaneous and unanticipated, thus unplanned. As Thucydides recounts "that same winter, immediately after the destruction of Melos, Athens decided to attempt the conquest of the Greeks on Sicily." However, they were not "well informed about the relative strength of their allies and their enemies in Sicily" . The Athenians had sent some ambassadors in early spring to Egesta to evaluate the situation. Instead of bringing back useful information, they brought back some ambassadors and sixty talents
years, starting in 264 BC and ending in 241 BC. The conflict was fought in the western Mediterranean, primarily for influence over the island of Sicily and was fought both on land and at sea. The 1st Punic War has its origins in this struggle for Sicily. It started when the Mamertines, a group of former mercenaries, began to wage against Syracuse, an independent Greek city-state on the island. The Mamertines appealed to both the Romans and the Carthaginians for help. Carthage offered protection
correctly, its failure was more the result of incorrect assumptions and bad intelligence than of faulty strategy. Athens wrongly assumed that it would receive significant support from new allies and that Syracuse would lack a capable force. Sparta’s strategic success in the defense of Syracuse was perhaps enabled more by accurate intelligence than on its own ability to plan. While Athens and Sparta each evolved their strategies throughout war, a comparison of the strategies at the point of the Sicilian
How did Carthage become almost the equal to Rome? Introduction: The Roman Republic was an ancient territory known for its people, people that would fight for passion, unity, and for the prosperity of their country. Carthage, in historic times, was known for its great rulers, especially of the likes of Hannibal. Both of these countries had a mindset on expansion. Both were the worst of rivals. And during the time of the Punic Wars, Carthage was on the brink of becoming the equal to Rome. In fact
maritime leader in the world. Maritime means they are located near the sea and have many things to do involving the ocean. The first war broke out when Rome interfered with a dispute on the Carthaginian controlled island of Sicily. The war ended with Rome controlling Corsica and Sicily. The second war started when Hannibal invaded Italy and had two signature victories at Lake Trasimene and Cannae but was eventually defeated by Roman general Scipio Aemilianus which left Rome in much control of the Mediterranean
supremacy. She had control the trading of northern African alone with many of Greek cities of sicily. Carthage was a good trader (merchant) of the Mediterranean, and had grown wealth and strong by buying an selling product of the east and west. Also the Carthage was almost equal to Rome in the government system, there had two chief magistrate that is called the (suffetes) and Rome had the
Designing Healthy Communities Summary The episode of Designing Healthy Communities that I watched discussed the impact of the environment on communities and our health. It also discussed how our generation needs to preserve or better our environment for future generations, so that our future generations can enjoy what we have or better than what our generation had. Such as, the Onondaga Lake and the mercury that will be in there for many years to come. With all the mercury in the lake it is not healthy
brutal demeaning of those who stand in opposition to it. Sciascia, an Italian politician and French-enlightenment writer, utilizes Laurana as an impartial looking-glass; a means for analyzing and assessing “the insular, mafia-saturated culture of Sicily–which [Sciascia] believed to be a metaphor of the world,” (Sciascia III). Laurana, principled as a symbol of innocence, yields a detached atmosphere regarding his acquaintances: “it was something opaque, dense, almost repressed” (Sciascia 43). Sciascia’s
Pyrrhus was the king of Epirus and lived from 318 BCE to 272 BCE. He is widely acknowledged as being one of the most brilliant generals of his age. He led his soldiers to many victories, but is most famous for his battles against Rome. Along with being an outstanding general, he was a praised author. His books on the art of war have been quoted and acclaimed by many ancient authors. Despite his many great qualities Pyrrhus was a lousy politician. Many people believe that if he had had better political
Ellis island brought millions of immigrants to America between the years 1892 and 1954. It is said that 40% of our population today can trace their ancestors to Ellis Island. Many people of many nationalities came to The United States get a chance at having the “American Dream”. Whilst pursuing their dreams, they left their marks on American culture. No one has influenced us so much as the Italians and their way of life. The 18th Century was a time where most immigrants were of Irish, British
The Russian mafia started from basically nothing and was looked at as a hero in the eyes of the poverty-stricken country of Russia. The speed bumps that the organization went through caused them to adapt and overcome adversity through their brothers and gave them the power and perseverance. In researching about the Russian mafia I learned about their start in the Imperial period, then the challenges they went through during the Soviet era, and how they are structured within the organization. The
Big Night, directed by Stanley Tucci and Campbell Scott, is a movie about two Italian immigrant brothers and their restaurant “Paradise.” Primo, the older brother, is a first-rate chef, but only cooks food that he considers perfect. His unwillingness to make dishes that appeals to more customers like steak and spaghetti makes it hard for his brother to keep the restaurant afloat. Secondo, the younger, wants to be successful and accepts that Primo’s philosophy will drive their business under. In the