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Western Civilization short note
Western Civilization short note
Western Civilization short note
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Historians said that the enlightenment period destroyed the sacred circle. The sacred circle bonded the relationship of the hereditary aristocracy and the leaders of the church. Without that relationship between the church and aristocracy they could not invoke the doctrine “Divine Right of the King . If the king needed extra protection then they would need a sanction from the church.
During the enlightenment age the place were critical ideas were founded such as eternity, freedom, democracy and other forms of primary values we hold dear today. Those primary values oppose and go against the divine will of the king and ruins the traditions that our ancestors have already set before us. The establishment of the scientific methodology, capitalism and other things ruin the traditions that were laid out before us. They make us forget where out true values lie. Allowing us only to tolerate and pick and choose from the pool that we were raised with. With the growth of science and politics the spiritual and cultural connection were muddled and people only picked and choose what they wanted to acknowledge from traditions. As well as ignore other key factors that might help out in decision making as well but they seem to hold no value to people.
During the sixteen century Europe formed a cycle of population, urbanization and technical growth that shows you how much they advanced during this time. But if we look at the long term perspective it shows that none of the countries in Europe or anywhere else has managed to fully escape the constant changes until the 1800. Europe flourished in the eleventh and twelfth century. Slightly faltering in the thirteenth collapsing in the fourteenth and zooming up to dominate power in the fifteenth cent...
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...nous and the arterial systems in the heart was changed with William’s Harvey’s concept that the blood circulated form the arteries to the veins throughout the body. It was all through a never ending cycle throughout the body.
The Decline of the East
China was on the rise to becoming one of if not the world’s most dominate power in the late 14th century. But all that came to a halt when they stopped developing and advancing their societies. They let Europe far surpass them while they remained stagnant and stuck in their ways. Where Europe and other countries were coming into their own with colonies and governments, China was still stuck under feudal lords’ command. They were not advancing as they should have. As everyone believed they would have. Once Europe started abandoning its faith in the unseen and moving on to logical thinking that’s when it really took off.
As can be seen from it effects on the philosophies of the time, the idea of science, and the monarchial system of Absolutism, the spirit of the Enlightenment was one of change and a rebellion against authority. This change was grand, indeed, for they have lasted through until the Modern Age and the 21st Century. Today's system of government is simply an evolution of the revolution which took place during the Enlightenment. Perhaps, without the spirit of change brought on by the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment, we would not have many of the advantages that man, today, enjoys.
Imperialism began with Western European countries looking to expand their reach of influence on the East. These countries would conquer and colonize any region not of the West in hopes of bettering their economy or to help the native people they found in the East, carry up the “The White Man’s Burden.” When meeting the native people, Westerners named the things from the East “Orient,” and along with this name came many stereotypes and assumptions of the people and the land. Although, imperialism is no longer present, effects such as orientalism still resonates within the culture being expressed through media such as the Academy Award winning movie of the year Argo.
In 1615 at the age of 37 Harvey became the Lumleian Lecture specializing in Surgery. William Harvey discovered his finding of the Circulation of Blood by ignoring medical textbooks and dissecting animals. He gained all or most of his learnings from observations of cutting open veins and arteries of living animals. Many people of this modern time thought because there weren’t any anesthetics that Harvey was cruel for cutting open living animals. I think that if it wasn’t for William Harvey and all of his studies and dissections that we wouldn’t be able to learn teach and save as many people as we can today. We as people have learned a lot from the many studies and dissections throughout Harvey’s lifetime. We have learned that blood, arteries, and veins are all within the same origin, blood in the arteries sent to the tissues are not stay there, the body‘s circulation mechanism was designed for the movement of liquid and that blood carrying air is still blood, the heart moves all movements of blood not the liver, hearts contract the same time as the pulse is felt, ventricle’s squeeze blood into main arteries, the pulse is formed by blood being pushed into arteries making them bigger, there are no vessels in the heart’s septum, lastly there is no to in from of blood in the veins there is only
During the 1800's Europe had been the cultural, military, political, and the financial center of the world. Political Liberalism and parliamentary institutions was prosperous. After World War I the world faced economic disasters.
For several centuries the Europeans were always trying to have the best of the best in their country. Because they were so greedy they went of on several voyages to trade and gain those products they desired like silk, porcelain, tea, and lacquer-ware. With this the Europeans were always trying to out due and impress the Chinese with their clocks and their scientific gadgets. But they were never impressed, the Chinese always believed they were better and never wanted much to do with the Europeans. The Chinese were always very advanced in every skill; they believed that they had all that they needed to be a strong nation.
The Chinese empire had once been one of the greatest and most powerful empires in the world. Before the 19th century, China had a large population and was ruled by families or dynasties. It was considered technologically advanced as China had a history of many miraculous inventions, such as: writing, magnetic compasses, movable sails, porcelain, abacus and paper money. Although China was isolated from the rest of the world, it coped well on its own, and saw no need to begin trading with the west, (as Lord McCartney proposed in 1793), since it was a self-sufficient nation. At that particular time, the Chinese empire was still able to exclude the ‘barbarians’, thus forcing them to only trade at one port. However, China soon took a turn for the worst as important ...
The Enlightenment is a unique time in European history characterized by revolutions in science, philosophy, society, and politics. These revolutions put Europe in a transition from the medieval world-view to the modern western world. The traditional hierarchical political and social orders from the French monarchy and Catholic Church were destroyed and replaced by a political and social order from the Enlightenment ideals of freedom and equality(Bristow, 1). Many historians, such as Henry Steele Commager, Peter Gay, have studied the Enlightenment over the years and created their own views and opinions.
Historically, the Enlightenment helped create an increase in concerns with political values, the government and education within the colonies. It brought ideals that helped improve the government and documents like The Constitution and The Declaration of The Rights of Man. In the end it helped create more of a division between The colonies of America and Britain and the change of Europe without the religious aspects. Rising the the religious tolerance with the help of individual freedoms after the decline of traditional
The Great Divergence is term used to portray the gradual shift of dominance that Europe gained by establishing itself as the most powerful world civilization by the 19th century. While a case could be made that the Great Divergence occurred because of the pre-eminence of Europe and Britain, as well as their supposed superiority in invention and innovation above anywhere else in the world, this argument is flawed. A more compelling argument would be to state that it was rather through the geographical advantages that Europe obtained that lead it into eventually becoming the most powerful civilization after 1500 A.D., as this essay will strive to demonstrate.
In the article review “ How the West was Lost” the author, William T. Hagan explains that in a brief thirty-eight year period between 1848 and 1886, the Indians of the Western United States lost their fight with the United States to keep their lands. While nothing in the article tells us who Hagan is, or when the article was written, his central theme of the article is to inform us of how the Indians lost their lands to the white settlers. I found three main ideas in the article that I feel that Hagan was trying to get across to us. Hagan put these events geographically and chronologically in order first by Plains Indians, then by the Western Indians.
During the Age of enlightenment people began to reform society using reason, challenge ideas of tyranny and of the Roman Catholic Curch. People for the first time started advancing knowledge through the use of the scientific method. Enlightenment type thinking has had a huge impact on the culture, politics, and g...
Analysing The West: Unique, Not Universal. Throughout history, Western civilization has been an emerging force behind change in foreign societies. This is the concept that is discussed in the article, the West Unique, Not Universal, written by Samuel Huntington. The author makes a very clear thesis statement and uses a variety of evidence to support it. This article has a very convincing point.
When Aristotle famously said: "Virtue is a state of character concerned with choice, being determined by rational principle as determined by the moderate man of practical wisdom", not many could fathom the message intended for during his time. In fact, his ideas of decisions based on logical thinking were largely rejected by the Greek public in favor for traditions. Fast forward close to two thousand years, the Age of Enlightenment arrived. Francis Bacon instigated a revolution in the human thought in the 17th century. The thinkers began to question the rigid traditional ideas and institutions in placed using reasoning and science. The principles of reasoning and rationalism behind the Age of Enlightenment were widely accepted by society and it was a product of the Scientific Revolution that started in the 16th century. More philosophers were born and further enhanced the idea of using reasoning and logic to substantiate decision makings. The Age of Enlightenment and its predecessor, the Scientific Revolution has brought numerous discoveries in recorded history. However, the Age of Enlightenment was thought to have ended when the French Revolution led to the rise of democracy and nationalism in the late 18th century [1]. Although the Age of Enlightenment has long passed us, its principles still remain unchanged to be the foundation of current our systems as it aligns humanity with science, prevents the use of unnecessary violence to solve conflicts and also encourages an educated society.
China's development is praised by the whole world. Its developments are not only in the economic aspect, but also in its foreign affairs. Compared to other developed countries, China is a relatively young country. It began constructing itself in 1949. After 30 years of growth, company ownership has experienced unprecedented changes.
In the early 17th century, people were unsure about how the body system worked, especially when it came to blood. It wasn’t until the mid-1600’s that William Harvey discovered how the blood circulates throughout the body. Harvey was an English Physician whose discoveries greatly impacted medical science. This discovery completely changed the field of medicine. He first “observed the action of the heart in small animals and fishes” (Weisstein). When observing these small animals he concluded on how the blood circulates the bodies. He made many discoveries in which he announced the way the body works and how it uses blood. “He developed the first complete theory of the circulation of blood, believing that it was pushed throughout the body by the heart’s contractions” (Weisstein). There were still many gaps in the process of how the blood circulates, but...