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Discuss the contributions of Anton van Leevenhook towards the development of the microscope
The development of microscopes essay
The development of microscopes essay
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Recommended: Discuss the contributions of Anton van Leevenhook towards the development of the microscope
History of Modern Science and Technology The Impact of the Microscope The world we live in today has many complexities that have perplexed mankind for ages. Various great men and women of science have gotten together to try and uncover the mysteries of the world. On their journey there have been instruments and tools invented that would help them further their studies beyond compare. One of the most significant inventions that have helped to further research not only in science but in other areas of work as well would be the invention of the microscope. The invention of the microscope has helped better understand the human body, bacteria, and even something as small as the atom. New discoveries have been made possible with the invention of the microscope which has helped make advances in science, industry, and medicine. The invention of the microscope has changed the course of history and affects the lives of many today which is why it is the most important invention. In the late 1500s Zacharias Jansen made the first rudimentary microscope and opened the door to the microscopic world. His invention allowed others such as Anton van Leeuwenhoek to improve on his work to build more successful microscopes. Anton van Leeuwenhoek was able to grind different types of glass together to produce a simple microscope that was capable of magnifying objects 270 times their original size (Anton van Leeuwenhoek - History of the compound microscope). With his invention he was able to make remarkable discoveries especially in human anatomy, when he identified the different types of blood cells and spermatozoa. Today he is known as the father of microbiology because of his work identifying bacteria and other microorganisms. These discov... ... middle of paper ... ...y 2013. "Anton van Leeuwenhoek - History of the compound microscope." History of the microscope.org - Its all about microscope history. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 July 2013. "Archaeologist | Define Archaeologist at Dictionary.com." Dictionary.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 July 2013. "BioTechniques - Electron Microscopy: the Future of Sequencing?" BioTechniques - The International Journal of Life Science Methods. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 July 2013. "HowStuffWorks "History of Pasteurization"." HowStuffWorks. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 July 2013. "In vitro fertilization (IVF): MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia." National Library of Medicine - National Institutes of Health. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 July 2013. Types of Microscopes. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 July 2013. "The World's First Test Tube Baby . Test Tube Babies . WGBH American Experience | PBS."American Experience. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 July 2013.
Apfeldorf’s article “Uncovering a Tiny World” discusses Hooke’s book which is known for its microscopic illustrations of insects and microbes that Hooke had drawn as he viewed them under the microscope. His elaborate drawings of tiny objects and insects were the scientific evidence that supported his claims of the significant value of the microscope to science and the many ways it could be used. The book also contained a description of how to make a powerful microscope with a spherical lens, much like Leeuwenhoek’s glass pearls. Leeuwenhoek traveled to England that same year and is believed to have obtained a copy of Hooke’s book and
With the increased rate of integrating In Vitro Fertilization (IVF), there has been a steep inclination within the associated needs of specifications. Observably, the development of babies using scientific measures was initially formulated and specified for developing the diverse range of development associated with the same (Turriziani, 2014). However, these developments are noted to be creating an adverse impact on the natural course of events and subsequently, resulting with an adverse impact on the natural process of the development of babies. The initial integrations within the system of IVF for developing babies have further been initiated with the effective use of science to develop a healthy baby. Hence, the use of such progressions can be argued as not hampering the ethical needs associated with the same. Conversely, the initial progression within the same and the changes in the use of such practices are identified as unethical, as it has been acting as a threat in the natural course of development of embryos and altering the natural course of events, suspected to be imposing significant influence on infant mortality (Turriziani,
In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) is a complex series of procedures used to help those who want children but struggle with infertility. The process consists of extracting eggs from a woman and collecting a man’s sperm sample then manually combining them in a lab dish. Once the embryo(s) are created they are transferred to a woman’s uterus. IVF is commonly used in woman who cannot conceive on their own due to different reasonings. “These include but are not limited to blocked or damaged fallopian tubes, male factor infertility, woman with ovulation disorders, genetic disorders, woman who have had their fallopian tubes removed and unexplained infertility.” (American Pregnancy)
In Vitro Fertilisation literally means ‘fertilisation in glass’. The process of IVF comprises of mixing the woman’s egg and the man’s sperm outside of the woman’s body, normally in a petri dish. If fertilisation is successful, the embryos that were formed in the petri dish are now transferred to the woman’s uterus to better chances of pregnancy. Louise Joy Brown, became the world first successful “test-tube” Baby born in July 1978. She was born in the United Kingdom by IVF treatment carried out by Patrick Steptoe and Robert Edwards.
“IVF Patient Numbers and Success Rates Continue to Rise." Human Fertlisation & Embryology Authority. Dec. 2007. .
Rosen, Christine. "Why Not Artificial Wombs? - The New Atlantis." The New Atlantis. Center for the Study of Technology and Society, Fall 2003. Web. 27 Feb. 2014.
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek was a scientist and was best known for his contributions to microbiology; he received the title of "the Father of Microbiology” and dedicated many years of his life to improve the microscope in order to attain incredible heights of precision of the microscopic lenses. He produced magnifications from up to 275X, with a resolving power of up to 1.4 µm. Moreover, he presented his findings from the material of animals and vegetables in extraordinary detail as well as being the first to observe a glimpse of bacteria that he found in water; the first illustration of the bacteria is demonstrated in a representation by Leeuwenhoek in the 1683 “Philosophical Transactions” publication. In this publication, Leeuwenhoek wrote to the Royal Society about his observations of the inside of an old man’s mouth. He found "an unbelievably great company of living animalcules [Latin for ‘little animals’], a-swimming more nimbly than any I had ever seen up to this time. The biggest sort... bent their body into curves in going forwards. . . Moreover, the other animalcules were in such enormous numbers, that all the water... seemed to be alive." These were among the first observations on living bacteria ever recorded.
Hooke was the first to present a depiction or a microorganism, and it is believed to have inspired Leeuwenhoek to be the first to view live microorganisms under a microscope. Their amazing breakthrough in microbiology was hardly accepted, since at the time many still believed in spontaneous generation. It took nearly 150 years for microbiology to really take off. Thanks to people like Pasteur, Jenner, Flemming, and many others who discovered microbes are a vital part of everyday life. Scientists have learned how to manipulate microbes from making beer, curing cancer, and even treating sewage. http://faculty.ivytech.edu/~twmurphy/txt_202/into_his.htm
Throughout the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, radical and controversial ideas were created in what would become a time period of great advances. The Scientific Revolution began with a spark of inspiration that spread a wild fire of ideas through Europe and America. The new radical ideas affected everything that had been established and proven through religious views. "The scientific revolution was more radical and innovative than any of the political revolutions of the seventeenth century."1 All of the advances that were made during this revolutionary time can be attributed to the founders of the Scientific Revolution.
To begin, a major shift in scientific thinking arrived with the dawn of the printing press and the new-found accessibility of knowledge. "Alchemy was from its origins a secret art;" (Roberts 66) secrecy was an absolute necessity in early science when a powerful recipe or method had been discovered, as such knowledge was a valuable commodit...
Engineer dates back to 1325 when an engine’er, someone who operates an engine, was referred to by a conductor as an engineer. (Ford)
Technology Then to Now Throughout time, machines, no matter how simple or complex, have played a vital role in the development of civilization into the future. In other words, machines have played a part in helping our culture develop into what it has become today. This dates back to the beginning of time when an early man used a stick and a fulcrum (rock) to make a simple lever. Technology:
The history of chemistry has a span of time reaching from ancient history to the
Science and Technology has been around from the beginning of time. It evolved from the everyday efforts of people trying to improve their way of life. Throughout history, humankind has developed and utilized tools, machines, and techniques without understanding how or why they worked or comprehending their physical or chemical composition. Before we go any further a definition has to be given for both Science and Technology because they are both different in their own right even though the two are almost indistinguishable. According to the Oxford Dictionary Technology can be defined as the knowledge or use of the mechanical arts and applied sciences, while Science can be defined as the branch of knowledge involving systematized observation and experiment. Science can be further divided into three separate categories; Pure, Applied and Natural Sciences. In addition technology is often defined as applied science, it is simply the application of scientific knowledge to achieve a specific human purpose, however, historical evidence suggests technology is a product of science.
The origin of the biological term cell came from Robert Hooke in 1662. He observed tiny compartments in the cork of a mature tree and gave them the Latin name “cellulae”, which translates into “small rooms”. In the late 1680s, Anton Van Leeuwenhoek was the first scientist to actually lay eyes on a cell. Before, there had been theories of “cells” but no one had the technology to see something so microscopic yet. Van Leeuwenhoek ran a draper 's shop and wanted to see the quality of the thread, better than the magnifying lenses available at that time. Therefore, he began to develop an interest in lens-making, with an interest already in microscopes and a familiarity with glass