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What page does clausewitz talk about the nature of war
What page does clausewitz talk about the nature of war
What page does clausewitz talk about the nature of war
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In a world with a plethora of opinions, ideas, and philosophies, disagreement is bound to happen. When this occurs, wars, battles, and bloodshed ensue. It is a part of life most of us wish to ignore, but especially with the United State’s current condition, this wish to believe war is nonexistent is simply an impossible fantasy. Looking at military tactics and views of today one can’t describe the current state without glancing at history first. Past philosophers, theorists, idealists have all been responsible for having an immense affect on today’s military leaders. By learning from the earlier ideas of military philosophy, the decisions made in today’s chaotic warfare are strengthened. General Carl von Clausewitz is such a past military enthusiast that contributed to the ideals of the present.
Carl von Clausewitz was born in 1780 at Burg. He eventually entered the Prussian Army in 1792. While he had a successful military and writing career, Clausewitz’s fame rests most heavily upon the three volumes of On War, which was not published until after his death,(Graham). In this work, Clausewitz organizes military ideas, theories, and lays the foundation of warfare we see today. The points that I will elaborate on and relate to the current War on Terror from On War are Clausewitz’s “trinity”, “fog”, and “friction”.
War is an ever-changing phenomenon made up a balanced trinity. The components that make up this “remarkable trinity” Clausewitz refers to are “primordial violence, hatred, and enmity”, “the play of chance and probability”, and “the element of subordination” to reasoning,(Clausewitz). Basically it is the combination of irrational forces like hatred, non-rational forces that affect intent but are not the product, and rati...
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... failed to land in the right places,(Holden). This landing plan looked good initially, but was difficult to execute because of friction. When these troops that landed off target, they and their military leaders didn’t know where they were,(Holden). There was “fog”, uncertainty and confusion about what was going to happen and where exactly they were located.
Works Cited
Graham, J.J. Brief Memoir of General Clausewitz. On War. By Carl von Clausewitz. The
Project Gutenberg, 2006. Web.
Clausewitz, Carl von. On War. Trans. J.J. Graham.1874. Web.
Bassford, Christopher. “Yugoslavia and Serbia: Conflict”. Parameters. West Point Press.,
2006. Web. 30 March 2011.
“War on Terror Timeline”. Mother Jones. Foundation of National Progress. 25 Oct 2004.
Web. 30 March 2011.
Holden, Herbert. “World War II”. Global Security. Pike Press. 2003. Web. 30 March
2011.
Von Clausewitz, Carl. Translated and edited by Sir Michael Howard and Peter Paret. On War. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1976.
War is the means to many ends. The ends of ruthless dictators, of land disputes, and lives – each play its part in the reasoning for war. War is controllable. It can be avoided; however, once it begins, the bat...
Clausewitz emphasizes that “war is a branch of political activity, that it is in no sense autonomous” (Clausewitz, 605). This principle is especially applicable to the post-war period of World War II. The political struggle between the ideologies of democracy and communism would entail global focus for the next 50 years, and the events that brought about the defeat of Germany shaped the landscape of this political struggle.
In the books All Quiet on the Western Front by Erich Maria Remarque and The Wars by Timothy Findley, there is clear evidence of the nature of war. With all the efforts of preparation, discipline, and anticipation, false hopes were created for the young individuals, who leave the battlefields with numerous emotional and physical scars. The propaganda and disciplinary training to convince naïve young men to go to battle to fight for their country, the death of their comrades, and the physical breakdown are all part of twentieth century warfare.
He notes, “So we knew a war existed; we had to believe that, just as we had to believe that the name for the sort of life we had led for the last three years was hardship and suffering. Yet we have no proof of it. In fact, we had even less than no proof; we had thrust into our faces the very shabby and unavoidable obverse of proof.” (94). Because he has not seen the battles, he has difficulty acknowledging the reality of war.
September 11th, 2001. An organization denoted as terrorists by the United States, Al-Qaeda, attacked the U.S on our own soil. In his “Letter to the American People”, the leader of Al-Qaeda, Osama Bin Laden, takes a defensive stance regarding the attack, giving his justifications of why the attack on the U.S was warranted and acceptable in the terms of Just War Theory, citing examples of the Right to Self-Defense and reasons why he was justified in targeting American civilians. Just War Theory is comprised of ideas of values to determine when acts of aggression are morally justified or not, and it is primarily split into two categories, Jus Ad Bellum (Justice of War) and Jus In Bello (Justice in War) (Walzer 21). In this essay, I will be arguing against Bin Laden’s claims of the justification of Al-Qaeda’s attack, using the failure of Bin Laden’s attack to meet the requirements for a just war in terms of Jus Ad Bellum and Jus In Bello.
In his view of the fog of war, he explains that war is so complex that the human mind cannot comprehend all the complexities that define this war. Further, he states that although human beings are rational, the rationality of the human mind is limited and may not be possible to end war anytime soon. He thinks that the actions of one party way be understood by the other and often result in an unpredictable outcome. For example, he cites his silence during the war as an example that could have been misunderstood to cause an inflammatory reaction. In the view of the theories of global politics, this resonates well with realist theories of peace and war. Human aggression may be viewed from a different perspective which may result in international anarchy. Despite the ability of human mind to rationally decide, it is possible to be interpreted to mean aggressiveness which may lead to international tension and arms race like was the case of the U.S. and the weapons supremacy
War Is a Force That Gives Us Meaning, written by the talented author Chris Hedges, gives us provoking thoughts that are somewhat painful to read but at the same time are quite personal confessions. Chris Hedges, a talented journalist to say the least, brings nearly 15 years of being a foreign correspondent to this book and subjectively concludes how all of his world experiences tie together. Throughout his book, he unifies themes present in all wars he experienced first hand. The most important themes I was able to draw from this book were, war skews reality, dominates culture, seduces society with its heroic attributes, distorts memory, and supports a cause, and allures us by a constant battle between death and love.
Many, including the Catholic Church, judge the justifications of a war based on several factors given in the “just war theory,” which is used to evaluate the war based on its causes and means. The first required factor is a just cause, meaning that a nation’s decision to begin a war must be due to “substantial aggression” brought about by the opposition which cannot be resolved through non-violent solutions without excessive cost whereas armed conflict is not hopeless or excessively costly (“Just War Theory”1). In most cases, wars are started for a reason; however, many of these reasons are for the benefit of the governments who start the wars. The just war theory is widely accepted as a way to determine the moral standing of the reasons. This part of the theory is to ensure that the objective of a war is a reasonable and moral one. It prevents the needless bloodshed and loss of human lives over petty disputes while still protecting the rights and lives of the innocent by acknowledging the necessity of war in dire situations.
“In July 1945, the first atomic bomb was tested in New Mexico and the next month the second and third weapons off the production line were dropped on Japan. Since then no nuclear weapons have been used in anger, although tens of thousands have been accumulated by the major powers and their destructiveness and sophistication increased immensely.” The nature of warfare is constant and evolved from multiple factors and military revolutions over time. The purpose of this paper is to identify the most important military revolution in history and highlight its effects that permeate modern day society. The proliferation of nuclear weapons is the most significant military revolution that led to the greatest changes in warfare, which include the immergence of new threats such as non-state actors, the shift from total war to low intensity conflict, and the importance of technology and innovation. This military revolution completely shattered existing paradigms of warfare due to the real threat of nuclear weapons’ total destruction of humanity.
Carl von Clausewitz, “What is War?” On War. Edited and translated by Michael Howard and Peter Paret, 89-112. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1976.
Relations between countries are similar to interpersonal relations. When the conflicts between countries escalates to some extent, any resolutions become unrealistic except violence, and wars then occur. Although wars already include death and pain, moralists suggest that there should still be some moral restrictions on them, including the target toward whom the attack in a war should be performed, and the manner in which it is to be done. A philosopher named Thomas Nagel presents his opinion and develops his argument on such topic in the article “War and Massacre”. In this essay, I will describe and explain his main argument, try to propose my own objection to it, and then discuss how he would respond to my objection.
War is a mean to achieve a political goal.it is merely the continuation of policy in a violent form. “War is not merely an act of policy, but a true political instrument....” Moreover, the intensity of war will vary with the nature of political motives. This relationship makes war a rational act rather than a primitive and instinctive action, where war uses coercion to achieve political goals instead of use it only for destruction, and it cannot be separated from each other even after the war has started, when each side is allowed to execute its requisite responsibilities while remaining flexible enough to adapt to emerging
Von Clausewitz, Carl. On War. Translated by Michael Howard and Peter Paret. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1989.
“The trouble is that a praise worthy quest for precision can descend into a flattering of tidy minds at the cost of a realistic grasp of the complexity and interconnectedness that is the story of strategic history.” Colin Gray warns in the opening sentences of the chapter “Irregular Warfare and Terrorism” in his book Another Bloody Century of the dangers of oversimplifying the categories of warfare. To look at warfare as either regular or irregular without being absolutely clear on the definitions of each and the context in which the terms are used is fruitless. Regular forces have been known to use irregular type tactics, just as irregular forces have used conventional warfare to reach their political goals. It is imperative, then, that the U.S. military forces are trained to fight wars falling on a spectrum of warfare and educated to distinguish the type of war they face.