Sustainable development in urban areas presents a wicked problem for share economy businesses, due to the conflict of interest between some stakeholders - including government, competitor businesses and the society. However the share economy has also led to new opportunities for a range of stakeholders such as customers, developers and the community. The share economy is a socio-economic system where people share resources. (Porter & Kramer 2011). In urban areas there has been a large growth of share economy businesses like Uber and Airbnb. A wicked problem is a social problem that is “complex or ill defined” (University of Technology Sydney 2011, p.9). Urban sustainability refers to development in urban areas that “meets the needs of the present …show more content…
Sustainability in urban areas has many perspectives in business including: ecocentrism, technocentrism and ecological modernisation (University of Technology Sydney 2011). There are also major global initiatives that have shaped our understanding of sustainable development such as: Our Common Future; The Rio Convention Agenda 21; and the Millennium Development Goals (University of Technology Sydney 2011). There is no universal agreement on the definition of sustainable development hence makes urban sustainability a wicked problem. Urban areas “comprising thousands of minority groups, each joined around common interests, common value systems, and shared stylistic preferences that differ from those of other groups.” (Rittel & Webber 1973, p.167) Therefore these multiple perspectives make the topic of urban sustainability a wicked problem because there is “no definitive formulation” (Rittel and Webber 1973, p.161). There are also many solutions to this wicked problem of urban sustainability that “are not true or false, but good or bad” (Rittel & Webber 1973, …show more content…
The conflict of interest between the share economy businesses and the society, indicates the wicked problem of urban sustainability impacting shared economy business. “When the sharing economy first started, investors assumed rich people wouldn’t bother listing their homes and cars since they didn’t need the income… (however) the sharing economy is being used heavily by those least in need of it” (Stein 2015, p.40). Social inequality is another wicked problem in itself, hence the wicked problem of urban sustainability has led to another wicked problem – “every wicked problem can be considered to be a symptom of another problem” (Rittel & Webber 1973, p.165). Therefore this wicked problem of urban sustainability negatively impacts share economy
The following case study critiques Upton’s vision to establish a sustainable community through implementing comprehensive sustainable strategy. The urban periphery development is thought to demonstrate superior execution of sustainable principles in development (Jackson 2007). As a parallel, the report focuses on the development of Upton’s design code and demonstrates how large -scale mix-use developments can incorporate sustainable practice and principles of urban growth.
Finally in 1991, the federal government initiated a ‘Better Cities Program’ which aimed to make Australian cities sustainable and more liveable. It encoura...
With urban population growth, both ecological and industrial consequences directly affect those in poverty and the urban poor. Slums usually develop in the worst types of terrain, and lead to flooding, landslides, and fires that destroy thousands of people’s homes. Yet population growth and the amounts of waste created by urban civilizations are also pushed on the hidden faces and locations of those on the outskirts of the cities. “If natural hazards are magnified by urban poverty, new and entirely artificial hazards are created by poverty’s interactions with toxic industries, anarchic traffic, and collapsing infrastructures” (Davis 128).
According to Pope Francis, “Any harm done to the environment, therefore, is a harm done to humanity” (UNDISPATCH, 2016), but it can imply that people should attend in sustainability in a long term. A sustainable city is developing and providing the things that society need without a negative effect on the next generation. Reference Framework for Sustainable Cities (RFSC), which consists of economy, society and environment, is one of the methods to help a city to approach with sustainability. However, these have to generate or balance with each other (Pearson, 2015). Toronto is one of the cities that have made progress in becoming a sustainable city.
* Urban Professional^s recognition of the increased variability, robustness, and interest in both the urban area and their work. * Conservation Activist^s commendation of the lower consumption of resources, and reduced pressure on sensitive environment areas, suggestive of a reduction in urban sprawl. * The Development Industry^s equations of profit established through better and higher levels of land use. Essentially urban consolidation proposes an increase of either population or dwellings in an existing defined urban area (Roseth,1991). Furthermore, the suburban village seeks to establish this intensification within a more specific agenda, in which community is to be centred by public transport nodes, and housing choice is to be widened with increased diversity of housing type (Jackson,1998).
Again, this section will give a working definition of the “urban question’. To fully compare the political economy and ecological perspectives a description of the “urban question” allows the reader to better understand the divergent schools of thought. For Social Science scholars, from a variety of disciplines, the “urban question” asks how space and the urban or city are related (The City Reader, 2009). The perspective that guides the ecological and the social spatial-dialect schools of thought asks the “urban question” in separate distinct terminology. Respected scholars from the ecological mode of thinking, like Burgess, Wirth and others view society and space from the rationale that geographical scope determines society (The City Reader, 2009). The “urban question” that results from the ecological paradigm sees the relationship between the city (space) as influencing the behaviors of individuals or society in the city. On the other hand...
Cities all over the world are developing. As war ended in 1942, a significant number of people move to the city because they want to improve life. This urbanization process is causing a number of problems and should be met by sustainable development policies. In the beginning, it is important to know the definition of sustainable development. There are some definitions for sustainable development, but simply they say that sustainable development is a development which using resources now and preserving them for future generations (Adams, 1999, p.137). This concept has been agreed internationally at a Rio Conference in 1992 to be implemented by all government policies which mostly known as “Agenda 21” principles (Adams, 1999, p.141). This paper will show that traffic jams and housing problems caused by urbanization can be met by sustainable development policies. The structure of this paper will first explain the situation that leads to traffic jams and housing problems. Next, it will elaborate the sustainable development solutions, implications for the solutions, and evaluations how effective the sustainable development solutions solved the problems.
In this regard, city authorities all over the world are increasingly adopting energy efficiency measures in a quest to become sustainable into the future. Consequently, this has led to the emergence of the term ‘green cities’ (Aulisi & Hanson, 2004). New York City, viewed by many as an urban, concrete jungle, was recently named the “greenest city" in the United States. This is mainly because most of its residents live in energy-efficient buildings, and use public transport, bicycl...
As previously implied, cities are currently the antithesis of even the barest sense of sustainability. To succinctly define the term “sustainability” would be to say that it represents living within one’s needs. When it comes to the city, with almost zero local sources of food or goods, one’s means is pushed and twisted to include resources originating far beyond the boundaries of the urban landscape. Those within cities paradoxically have both minimal and vast options when it comes to continuing their existence, yet this blurred reality is entirely reliant on the resources that a city can pull in with its constantly active economy.
Moore said that we can understand sustainability as “a storyline, a narrative thread that people use to understand how the past, present, and future can be connected in different ways” (Moore 2007). Since the understanding of sustainability has been changing, we can neither predict what will happen in the future nor establish a set of rules for the future generation to follow. As Norton argued, sustainable activities can be conducted in the present “without negatively impacting the range of important choices that should be left open to the next generation” (Norton 2005:432). Therefore, it’s crucial to apprehend the nature of sustainable cities in order to set up the framework while never kill
With the development of urbanization, an increasing number of social problems have emerged. These problems will decelerate the urban development, however, there are many ways in which sustainable development can reduce the impact of these urbanization problems. “Sustainable development seeks to improve the quality of human life without undermining the quality of our natural environment” (Adams, W.M. 1999). Actually, sustainable development can partly solve the urbanization problems, for it can reduce the impact of the problems such as traffic jam, housing shortage and severe pollution, but it is difficult to completely solve these problems in a short time.
Wicked problems refer to socio-cultural difficulties that are impossible to solve due inadequacy of knowledge, large number of involved opinions of people, heavy effect on the economy, and the interlinked manner of the given problems to others. Wicked, in this context, represents something that opposes resolution. Various urban problems are persistent due to their wicked characteristics. This paper seeks to contextualize three wicked urban issues, namely, urban biodiversity, urban street planning, and urban smart cities, as reported in news articles. This will necessitate a better understanding of the specified wicked problems as a way of finding probable solutions.
Nowadays, more than half of the world population lives in cities. Urban populations consume 75% of the world 's natural resources and generate 75% of waste. Cities have become consumers of enormous amounts of natural resources and generating massive environmental
The notion of sustainable city has mounted a paramount place in the contemporary urban planning. In the world Conservation strategies in1980, the concept of sustainable development was firstly introduced.
The sustainability of the ecosystems on which the global economy depends must be guaranteed. And the economic partners must be satisfied that the basis of exchange is equitable” (World). This quote demonstrates the complexities of sustainability. Another thing corporations should focus on when trying to be sustainable is their environmental impact.