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Recommended: The problem of reading habits
Why Students are Not Reading and Ways to Get them to Read More
"We shouldn't teach great books. We should teach a love of reading." B. F. Skinner
"What is a reader?" and "What makes a good reader?" Out of 100 eighth graders surveyed at a middle school in Pennsylvania, 73% of them said that you have to read a lot and practice reading. When the same one hundred eighth graders were asked how they feel about reading, 55% said they love it, 26% were indifferent to it, and 19% said that they disliked it.
As a teacher researcher, I decided to take a look at some reasons why my students were not reading and ways to get them to read more. I have split my readers into three groups; fluent readers, indifferent readers and reluctant readers. First, are the fluent readers, these are the students who enjoy reading and have no comprehension problems. Second is what I call indifferent readers. They, by their own choice, choose not to take part in reading in their spare time. They have no opinion on reading and have little‑or no comprehension problems. Third are the reluctant readers. The reluctant reader chooses not to read for different reasons than the indifferent reader. Often their reason is that they have difficulties in reading and don't know how to read. In other words, they struggle with comprehension. In fact, 80% of learning disabled children have problems with reading, therefore, part of the reluctancy may be due to the learning disability. (Tucker, 1)
When I first began doing my research, I thought maybe my indifferent readers were unsure of where to obtain books to read. However, I found that my students knew a range of places to get reading material from. Many suggested the library, teachers, friends, bookstores...
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...o reading. Teachers of literacy have only one goal and I would like to sum Patricia literacy who need Anders, "Educators have an program for all students: to broaden and deepen their students who appear to be alienated or including reading and writing; and to have developed adequate literacy." in having strength in reading it often leads reading. Once we teach this to our students with them one of the greatest gifts.
Works Cited
Anders, P.L. "The Literacy Council: People Are the Key to An Effective Program." NASSP Bulletin, October 1998.
Crowe, Chris. "Using YA Books to Teach Students to Love What We Love." English Journal, July 2000.
Hebb, Judith. "Reluctant Readers Reading." English Journal, March 2000.
Tucker, David, and Jeffrey P. Bakken. "How Do Your Kids Do at Reading? And How Do You Assess Them?" Teaching Exceptional Children, July/August 2000.
Servilio, K., L (2009).You get to choose! Motivating students to read through differentiated instruction. Teaching exceptional children plus, 5(5), 2-11.
Muddy's first instrument was a kerosene can he used for a drum, next came the accordion, then the Jew's harp, and then a guitar he built from a box and a stick: "Couldn't do much with it, but that's how you learn!" By the time he was 13, he had spent 6 years mastering the harm...
Finding a definition of literacy is not as easy as it sounds. The Webster definition says that to be literate is to be” able to read and write.” But to some researchers, this definition is too simplistic, leading to multiple models of literacy. Most Americans adhere to the autonomous model, which falls closest to the standard, dictionary definition. Believers in this form say that literacy is a cognitive activity that students learn like any other basic skill. It has a set of proficiencies that one must master in order to be capable of decoding and encoding text (Alvermann, 2009; SIL International, 1999). A competing theory is the ideological model, which claims literacy is intrinsically linked to culture, and therefore what constitutes a “literate” individual is ever-changing. Society is the largest influence on literacy, according to this thought, and it is affected by politics, religion, philosophy and more (Alvermann, 2009; SIL International, 1999). These two are just the tip of the iceberg. For example, some studies recognize “literacy as competence,” which is a “measure of competence to do a given task or work in a given field,” (SIL International, 1999) such as being computer literate. Although more researchers are recognizing and exploring multiple literacies, the one that most influences American schools is the autonomous, cognitive model – the ability to read and write. For many, it seems a simple task, but millions of adolescents are struggling or reluctant readers, and there are many reasons why young readers have difficulty with reading. XXXXXX------NEED HELP WITH THESIS STATEMENT HERE PLEASE—(This paper will focus on the effects of low reading skills, some of the possible causes of reluctant and struggling readership...
United States invaded Cuba, Puerto Rico and Philippines not to gain wealth, but for the purpose of getting trades. Americans wanted to project their power to the entire hemisphere and the only way to exercise it is by acquiring republics. Citizens of three countries did not fully acquire the independence they thought they were entitled. Cuba got nominal independence because of Platt Amendment, Puerto Rico became a territory but was not called as citizens of America, and instead they were called Puerto Ricans, while Philippines were denied in statehood. They only had fundamental rights, but United States could govern the country as long as they wanted to. Furthermore, holding the countries from self-government prevent these countries to get the chance to apply what they have learned and adopted from American rule and exercise it for their country’s prosperity.
In the Gulliver's Travels by Jonathan Swift, he uses satire to criticize politics and humanity through the character Gulliver. Swift does this by satirizing humans through the Yahoos, poking fun the flaws of politics in Lilliput in correspondence to the British government, and showing the reader how disgusting human nature is through the eyes of Gulliver. This is significant because Swift is able to show that some of the actions of politics are absurd and have a negative impact on Britain. As well he is able to portray the flaws of humanity and how human nature is degenerating.
Gunning, Thomas G. "Chapters 1 & 2." Creating Literacy Instruction for All Students: International Edition. Boston, Mas.: Pearson, 2013. N. pag. Print.
Through ample research of peer-reviewed journal articles in relation to motivating struggling readers to read, I came across common themes and different strategies/approaches that interested me. These commonalities in numerous articles lead me to a particular direction in my reading expedition towards learning and expanding my knowledge about my focus topic. I carefully selected four journal articles to critically investigate in response to my questions regarding my own professional practice. The four journals are as follows:
...ents to make a good reader. Therefore, without a certain piece of reading students skills the scaffolding is unstable. Due to a student’s faulty scaffolding, reading does not work cohesive to make the end product a successfully understood story. This concerns me. If I feel like they are falling behind on these skills and their other teachers, my colleagues, are not teaching them these skills, I will and do my best at making it appropriate for my class. Without reading skills, they will be faced with horrible ramifications from their problems to comprehend and understand the vocabulary words they see in their textbooks.
While I believe every child is a reader, I do not believe every child will be enthralled with reading all the time. All students have the capability to read and enjoy reading, but just like any other hobby, interest will vary from student to student. The students in my classroom will be encouraged in their reading, be provided with choice, taught how books can take you into another world but, my students will not be forced to read. This paper will illustrate my philosophy of reading through the theories I relate to, the way I want to implement reading and writing curriculum, and the methods I will use motivate my students to read and help them become literate.
Literacy is an on-going skill that teachers and students alike should commonly study and practice in all grades. Problems faced by teachers, especially teachers in higher grades, are not having the skills to be effective teachers of literacy. To effectively teach literacy across content areas, a teacher would need skills such as knowledge of the reading process and the ability to cultivate the knowledge gained in order to make informed decisions within their classrooms (Clary, Oglan, Styslinger,
Gulliver is an entirely credible and probable person at the same time that he is precisely the person to be the instrument for Swift's satire. In his incredible circumstances, Gulliver shows himself to be very resourceful and observant of his surroundings. With that he changes in relation to the places he visits and the events that befall him as he voyages.
One example of satire against the English society in Gulliver’s Travels is the political affairs of the Lilliputians. The Lilliputians to gain a high ranking office “competed for them by dancing on a rope for the entertainment of the emperor” (Orwell). The rope dancing is a direct shot at England’s election system, comparing it to doing ridiculous activities that have nothing to do with politics. Also, Jonathan Swift satirized the English Parliament directly by modeling Flimnap, a Lilliputian politician, after England’s first Prime Minister, Robert Warpole.
Reading is an essential skill that needs to be addressed when dealing with students with disabilities. Reading is a skill that will be used for a student’s entire life. Therefore, it needs to be an important skill that is learned and used proficiently in order for a student to succeed in the real world. There are many techniques that educators can use to help improve a student’s reading comprehension. One of these skills that needs to be directly and explicitly taught is learning how to read fluently for comprehension. “To comprehend texts, the reader must be a fluent decoder and not a laborious, word-by-word reader” (Kameenui, 252). Comprehension can be difficult for students with learning disabilities because they tend to be the students that are reading below grade level. One strategy is to incorporate the student’s background knowledge into a lesson. This may require a bit of work, but it will help the students relate with the information being pres...
“The single most important activity for building knowledge for their eventual success in reading is reading aloud to children,” a report from 1985 by the commission
George Orwell writes, “No one would deny that Gulliver 's Travels is a rancorous… book… it often descends into political partisanship of a narrow kind.” Implying that the novel as great as it is it engages in a very strong bias to Swift’s political bias and standing. Orwell does not agree with the bias shown and believes that it shows an immaturity in Swift that follows throughout the novel, especially in the parts I and II, but is not totally unexpected. However Swift’s satire in Lilliput is seen as almost subtle and difficult to notice because it is so well versed. Hazel Rochman in her work, Review of Gulliver’s Adventures in Lilliput, states, “The satire is gentle, the humor never condescending.” (Rochman) Rochman views the satire in Lilliput in an extremely positive light. Shown through the comical political conquests of the King, Swift effortlessly shows his satirical criticism of the 18th century regime that he lived in. Constantly asking who really possess power he sees the monarchy as a totalitarian system refuting any type of change our fear for them. Swift was very critical of political change in his world and despite desiring the change he saw it as very unlikely, George Orwell was very conscious of this fact once he read Gulliver’s travels. “Orwell expresses admiration for Gulliver 's Travels, but professes