Different Indian nations used different strategies to survive contact with white settlers. The Cherokee tried to maintain its culture and coexist with white settlers. They adopted many aspects of the white man culture. The Shawnee resisted the white man and fought to keep their homeland. The Creeks were like the Cherokee in that they too tried to get along with white settlers and maintain their own culture. The Cherokee helped early settlers learn how to hunt, fish, and farm in the new land, America. The Cherokee introduced settlers to crops such as, corn, squash, and potatoes. They, also, helped settlers learn how to use herbal medicines. The Cherokee tried to survive by acting like the white settlers and being their friends. Some …show more content…
The Shawnee fought American frontiersmen, such as Daniel Boone, to keep their land. Some Shawnee left and went to Missouri. Chief Cornstalk led the rebellion against American settlers. His defeat led him to sign the Treaty of Camp Charlotte, which relinquished Shawnee land in Kentucky. The Shawnee left their land and went to live with the Creek in Alabama. Some Shawnee remained neutral, but many others fought to keep their land. This lead white settlers to retaliate against the Shawnee. Many innocent Shawnee were killed because of a few unruly Shawnee. The Iroquois tried to get the Shawnee to stop attacking settlers, but they were ignored. The British were paying the Shawnee for American scalps and supplying them with guns. This caused a private war between the Ohio tribes and the Kentucky settlements. In 1777, Cornstalk went to Fort Randolph to let Americans know that he could no longer control the Shawnee (Sultzman, n.d.). They held Cornstalk captive and later killed him. Chief Blackfish took over and continued with the raids on white settlers. The settlers would kill Shawnees and the Shawnees would kill settlers. Tecumseh did not want peace. He did not want any chief to sign away land in a treaty. Tecumseh’s brother was
Boone had numerous encounters with the native people of Kentucky. In 1776 Shawnee warriors kidnapped his daughter and two other girls. Two days later Boone caught up with the Indians, and through surprise attack rescued the girls. In 1778 he was captured by another band of Shawnee. Boone learned that the tribe was planning an attack on Boonseborough. He negotiated a settlement with Chief Blackfish of the Shawnee, preventing the attack. The Indians admired their captive for his skill as a hunter and woodsman. Boone was adopted into their tribe as a son of Blackfish. When Boone learned the Shawne were planning another assault, he escaped to warn his people.
The Battle of Tippecanoe in 1811 is another example of when America treated Native Americans poorly. This battle was one of the most bloody battles in the U.S. history. It was fought at Prophetstown, Indiana. The Battle of Tippecanoe happened because Harrison wanted to destroy the alliance that was being encouraged by his
Tecumseh ,Shawnee war chief, was born at Old Piqua, on the Mad River in western Ohio. In 1774, his father, Puckeshinwa, was killed at the Battle of Point Pleasant, and in 1779 his mother, Methoataske, accompanied those Shawnees who migrated to Missouri, later died. Raised by an older sister, Tecumpease, Tecumseh would play war games with other fellow youths in his tribe. Tecumseh accompanied an older brother, Chiksika, on a series of raids against frontier settlements in Kentucky and Tennessee in the late 1780’s. Chiksika had a vision that he would not survive the battle at Buchanan’s station he went ahead as plan and attacked the stockade and was mortally wounded and was carried from the battle field and the dying warrior asked not to be buried but to be placed on a hill. Tecumseh and the other’s retreated back to a Cherokee village where most went back to Ohio while Tecumseh and some other warriors stayed behind. After that Tecumseh went on mostly hunting but occasionally attacking settler’s. After that moved back towards home and come to find out that the Shawnee’s had moved on to where it’s much safer. The battle of Fallen Timber’s broke confidence in British assistance as well as many casualties. Pissed off by the Indian defeat, he refused to sign the Treaty of Greenville (1795). In the 1800’s Tecumseh began to show signs of a prominent war chief. He led a group of yong Indian warriors to a village on the White River in east-central Indiana. There in 1805 Lalawethika ex...
In the 1830's the Plains Indians were sent to the Great American Deserts in the west because the white men did not think they deserved the land. Afterwards, they were able to live peacefully, and to follow their traditions and customs, but when the white men found out the land they were on were still good for agricultural, or even for railroad land they took it back. Thus, the white man movement westward quickly begun. This prospect to expand westward caused the government to become thoroughly involved in the lives of the Plains Indians. These intrusions by the white men had caused spoilage of the Plains Indians buffalo hunting styles, damaged their social and cultural lives, and hurt their overall lives. The lives of the Plains Indians in the second half of the nineteenth century were greatly affected by the technological development and government actions.
The Battle of Tippecanoe was fought during the early morning hours of November 7, 1811, on a tree-covered knoll just outside of modern day Prophetstown, Indiana. American forces, under the command of William Henry Harrison, were attacked by a band of Indian tribes unified by the Shawnee leader Tecumseh. A relatively minor battle, in comparison to others remembered in American History, this small battle proved to play a significant role in the shaping of the newly formed country. Debatable among historians regarding the constructive effects of the battle against its negative repercussions , its importance is unmistakable. Ultimately, the results of this day would bring to an end any prospect for a United Indian Confederation, and never again would the Native Americans be able to effectively challenge American expansion.
They learned to be humble and obedient by doing jobs nobody else wanted to do like digging canals, and sweeping the temples. Religion The Cherokee religion was polytheistic (meaning many gods). They had a god for pretty much anything you can think of. Their main god was the god of the sun. Their philosophy was be good to the earth and it will be good to you.
The governmental leaders of the United States of America began implementing Indian policies from its inception. As Euro-Americans they expected all non-whites in the U.S. to assimilate into a Euro-American (Christian) lifestyle, without reciprocation or sympathy to the traditions and history of our native people. Our founding fathers and subsequent leaders of the United States at varying times have used suppression, segregation, aggression, and assimilation to manage what they perceived as an Indian problem, and civilize them. The native peoples of North America have responded to these actions by, at times, complying with the U.S. government and allowing themselves to be relocated to other areas of the country leaving behind their ancestral
Prior to 1830 the Cherokee people in the Southern states were land and business owners, many owned plantations and kept slaves to work the land, others were hunters and fishermen who ran businesses and blended in well with their white neighbors, but after Andrew Jackson took office as President, the government adopted a strict policy of Indian removal, which Jackson aggressively pursued by eliminating native American land titles and relocating American Indians west of the Mississippi. That same year, Congress passed the Indian R...
There would have been other factors, perhaps other civilizations hoping to expand territory, which would force the Indians to leave their dwellings. Internal struggles held the power to pull the people apart. Once they succeeded in unifying the people, there was a chance for betrayal as well. Benedict Arnold could have given the British valuable land had he not been caught, and the same could be said for traitors of the Indian tribes. Too many factors come into play for a definite and clear answer. In the author’s opinion, the American’s were far too perseverant for the Tecumseh’s pan-Indian movement to have been successful. A win for the Shawnee and the other tribes would likely lead to another fight, and another, and another, until one of the two contenders was totally defeated. No matter where the fight was; on the battlefield or in the courtroom, nothing was
Despite the fact that these agreements were a clear violation of existing British law, they were used later to justify the American takeover of the region. The Shawnee also claimed these lands but, of course, were never consulted. With the Iroquois selling the Shawnee lands north of the Ohio, and the Cherokee selling the Shawnee lands south, where could they go? Not surprisingly, the Shawnee stayed and fought the Americans for 40 years. Both the Cherokee and Iroquois were fully aware of the problem they were creating. After he had signed, a Cherokee chief reputedly took Daniel Boone aside to say, "We have sold you much fine land, but I am afraid you will have trouble if you try to live there."
When the English landed in Jamestown in 1607, the dominant tribe of the area was the Powhatan (which the English settlers named after the leader of the tribe, Powhatan). At first meeting, the Powhatan considered the settlers as allies, who may be able to aid them in their struggle for land and power over the other tribes in the area. These relations strained when starving settlers started to take food from the Native Americans. In 1610, any notion of alliance between the Powhatan and the Virginia settlers was immediately crushed when Lord De La Warr arrived with a declaration of war against all Indians in the Jamestown area. De La Warr used his "Irish Tactics" of burning houses and crops and taking prisoners to destroy the Native Americans in what was known as the First Anglo-Powhatan war. A peace treaty was signed, but lasted only eight years. The Powhatan killed 347 settlers, which lead to the Virginia Company to give orders for "a perpetual war without peace or truce." Although the Powhatan made one more attempt at destroying the Virginians, they were defeated again in the Second Anglo-Powhatan war. The peace treaty of 1646 eliminated all chance of the Powhatan coexisting with the Virginia settlers. The treaty also banished the Indians from their native lands, which lay the president for what was later known as a reservation. After this the number of Native Americans in Virginia dwindled to a low 10% of the population.
Several Native Americans from the Cherokee tribe had feared that the whites would encroach upon their settlements in the near future so they moved west of the Mississippi many years before the Indian Removal Act was put into place. This good foresight and early movement allowed for them to pick the time that they wanted to leave and they allowed themselves the leisure of moving at their own pace and stopping when they wanted which cut down on casualties extremely and this also allowed them to allocate the appropriate amount of supplies for the trip before attempting to make it prematurely and causing catastrophe to hit. They established a government and worked out a peaceful way of life with the nearby surroundings and allowed themselves to blend into the area that they desired rather than an area that was designated for them. There was always a large tension building between the whites and Cherokee which had reached its climax after the discovery of gold in Georgia. This drove a frenzy that many people wanted in on to make out with a good sum of money as gold was in high demand and worth a lot at the time. When the gold was found it started a miniature gold rush and pulled in whites and
During the violent attacks happening between Indians and American settlers, Tecumseh took an active part in the warfare. Tecumseh became accepted as a spokesman for the more militant members of the tribe, but because of his youth, his role in the peace negotiations was minimal. After this, most Shawnees returned to Ohio, but Tecumseh and other warriors stayed behind. As a result of this violent time, Tecumseh was made war chief with a growing following.
At the time Andrew Jackson was president, there was a fast growing population and a desire for more land. Because of this, expansion was inevitable. To the west, many native Indian tribes were settled. Andrew Jackson spent a good deal of his presidency dealing with the removal of the Indians in western land. Throughout the 1800’s, westward expansion harmed the natives, was an invasion of their land, which led to war and tension between the natives and America, specifically the Cherokee Nation.
They were having marriages among them. For example, when Pocahontas married John Rolfe, many said it had a political implication to unite more settlers with the Indians to have a better relationship between both groups. As for the Indians, their attitude was always friendly and full of curiosity when they saw the strange and light-skinned creatures from beyond the ocean. The colonists only survived with the help of the Indians when they first settled in Jamestown and Plymouth. In these areas, the Indians showed the colonists how to cultivate crops and gather seafood.