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More handpicked essays just for you.
The declaration of the rights of man in the modern world
Declaration of the rights of man and citizen document
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The end of a revolution is not a new day , it is the midnight of the century .
The revolution leaders need to unify the both sides (let the enemy to count them) to visualize what they had promised before the revolution . How difficult it is for the leaders to unify the both sides after a revolution ? This arduous job need several essential factors to satisfy simultaneously : economy benefit ; politics compromise ; philosophical agreement ; controlled military .
The easiest way towards unity is meet both sides’s needs which means know exactly why , what they want through the revolution , actually many revolutions appear for the same problems . The leaders should never forget why and what they are fighting for (what the crowd really need)
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Thus all the revolution leaders needed to do to unify the both sides is having politics compromise , to form the ideal government .
And Napoleon did so by publish Declaration of the rights of men and of the Citizen as well as the Civil code . Then , the feudal society , which lasted from the early Middle Ages to the present , was destroyed . Separation of powers and human rights guarantee the freedoms and equality of all citizens . French rebellions attacked the Bastille , equipped themselves with weapons . They had showed their determinations there . France did a great job on unity , because the Enlightenment had already influenced many Europeans and by contrast the Catholic pope had govern cruelly . Therefore when representatives of the bourgeoisie seized power in the city of Paris in the uprising and set up a national self-defense army , the king had to give in and recognize the legitimacy of the Constituent Assembly . French had the similar mind which lead them together at some point
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The Presbyterian Party controlled the parliament, the supreme power of the state , and used it as a tool to defend its own interests.Economically , they made a lot of money by auctioning off the land of the king's party and the church , which fell into the hands of the big bourgeoisie and the upper-class new aristocracy . Then Cromwell led army refight against the parliament .Thus the leaders should not be so shortsighted (only live right now) like the parliament , instead they should be wide-hearted considering the both sides benefits and have controlled politics compromises reasonably . And the worst thing for “roundheads” parliaments to unified the “cavaliers” royalists was the execution of Charles I , that led the royalists explored to parliaments and many unexpected fights . The exile of Charles II (1651) and the replacement of English Monarchy with , at first , the Commonwealth England (1649–1653) and the protectorate under the personal ruled by Cromwell (1653–1658) and subsequently his son Richard (1658–1659) .
The monopoly of the church of on Christian worship in England ended with the victors consolidating the established Protestant Ascendancy in Ireland . Constitutionally , the wars established the precedent that an English monarch cannot govern without Parliament’s consent , although the idea of Parliament of ruling power as England was
Elton proposes that sovereign revolution was achieved under Cromwell; this claim seems to stand strongly, as evidence in form of the fact is that England remains sovereign from the Holy Roman Empire until this present moment which undoubtedly supports Elton. Under Cromwell, sovereign England was further strengthened as Wales was joined with England and placed under the rule of its Supreme King, Henry. The changes which Cromwell successfully administered were all permanent thus revolutionary, these changes were able to withstand the whole Tudor dynasty and more. Revolution was achieved by Cromwell with his skilful crafting of the parliamentary bills which ensured the Resolution of the Great Matter as well as the supremacy and absolutism of the King. Supremacy, sovereignty and Henry’s divorce were unl...
There was a short time where all was calm right after the civil war. king charles the second and his father were both dead so Charles brother took over. this is king James the secondf and he was a Catholic sao he appointed many high positions in the government. Most of his sibjects were protestant and did not like the idea of Catholicism being the religion theyd have to abide by. like his father and brother king james the second ignored the peoples wishes and ruled without Parliament and relied on royal power. an English Protestant leader wanted to take the power away from james and give it to his daughter Mary and Her husband William from the Netherlands. William saled out to the south of england with his troops but sent them away soon after they landed
These two opposing religions had their differences be known be the other side and would fight for their ideas to be the ones all to follow. Conrad Russel states in his book The Causes of the English Civil War, that England “was a society with several religions, while still remaining a society with a code of values and a political system which were only designed to be workable with one”. Inside the Church of England was essentially two churches, Protestant and Catholic. Both sides were determined that their religion was going to be the one in the church and not the one outside looking in. Both sides wanted to control the authoritative powerhouse of England and would do anything to have the Church of England become the church of their religion. However, religious differences did not just occur between the citizens, it also occurred between King Charles I and Parliament. First off let’s look at King Charles himself. Charles was a very religious monarch who liked his worship to be High Anglican. He also believed the hierarchy of priests and bishops was very important, which alarmed Parliament because they believed that King Charles was leaning towards the idea of Catholicism in England. King Charles’ form of worship was seen by the Puritan faith as a form of popery. This upset them because they wanted a pure worship without icons or bishops. To clarify, popery is the doctrines, practices, and ceremonies associated with the pope or the papal system; Roman Catholicism. Charles also wanted to support William Laud who was the leader of the High Church Anglican Party because they had recently became prominent. Parliament strongly disagreed with the King’s decision because they feared that Laud would promote Roman Catholicism ideas and
Religion's Importance in the Disputes Between Charles I and his Opponents from 1640 to 1642 There were many different factors such as religion, the Grand Remonstrance, Irish Rebellion and other factors, which created much opposition against Charles I. In this essay I will discuss further the factors and how important they were in the disputes between Charles I and his opponents. Religion was one of many factors that caused disputes between Charles and his opponents. The changes introduced by Charles and Archbishop Laud in the church had created widespread and apparently united opposition. A petition was made which called for the reversal of Laud’s reforms and the abolition of bishops governing the church but nothing was resolved.
...h the freedom to choose religion), and the Presbyterians (who wanted a strict Calvinist system controlled by a strong central power). The Independents dominated the war with their New Model Army, and became an unstoppable force in England. They were led by the influential and militant Oliver Cromwell (whose nickname became "Lord Protector")of the House of Commons, and captured Charles, removed the House of Lords and the Presbyterians from Parliament, and executed the "holy anointed."
Laud’s attempts to make the Church more conformed coincided with King Charles I’s personal rule without parliament. In fact, Charles embarked on policies which made the English feel under threat. The Venetian ambassador in London wrote Charles had “changed the principles by which his predecessors reigned…if the road he has taken will lead him to absolute royalty, which is definitely the goal he has set for himself” (Young 106). Even though many English...
The Bastille incident set off revolts all over France and Louis was soon deposed afterwards. A democratic government was set up in place of the old monarchy.
The French Revolution started in 1787 because the country was going through financial difficulties and there was unrest between the classes of citizens in the country. The differences between the lower class citizens and higher classes, being nobles and the monarchy were great. The citizens had heard of the revolution that went on in the colonies and they also wanted freedom and independence. The real start of the French Revolution was on July 14, 1789, with the storming of the Bastille. Between 1789 1793, a constitution was written, feudalism was abolished, war had broken out, and King Louis XVI was put to death. In late 1793 and early 1794, Maximilien Robespierre became the head of the Committee of Public Safety in France. This was the new governing body in France; it could be compared to the executive branch of a government. Robespierre was a great leader, he ins...
The English Civil War started as a conflict between Parliament and Charles over constitutional issues; it fired its way to its conclusion through the growing religious division in England. The monarch was supported by the aristocracy, landowners, and by the adherents of the Anglican "high church," which retained the ceremonies and hierarchy so despised by the Puritans. The Parliamentary cause was supported by the middle class, the Puritans, and the radical Protestants. The king's forces roundly beat the Parliamentary forces for almost two years and the Parliamentary cause seemed all but lost.
One of the key factors that led to the civil war was the contrasting beliefs of King Charles and the parliament. The monarchy believed in the divine rights of kings, explained by Fisher (1994, p335) as a biblically-based belief that the king or queen's authority comes directly from God and that he is not subjected to the demands of the people. On the other hand, the parliament had a strong democratic stance and though they respected and recognized the king's authority, they were constantly desiring and fighting for more rights to power. Although climaxing at the reign of King Charles, their antagonism stretched for centuries long before his birth and much of the power that once belonged to the monarchy had shifted over to the parliament by the time he came into power.
Charles I was the second born son to King James I, who had also reigned under a constitutional monarchy, but large disagreement between Parliament and James I led to an essentially absolutist approach to governance. Likewise, Charles I disagreed with the Parliament on many factors. Charles was far from the contemporary model of a figurehead monarchy we see in today’s world, and his political reach extended throughout the English empire, even to the New World. Infact, I claim, he practiced a more absolutist form of monarchy than did the Czars of Russia; he dissolved Parliament three times. This unprecedented power led to (other than corruption) a strict contradiction of the principles of republicanism which most constitutional monarchies agreed on. And while many were in favor of an overlooking Parliament, his unopposed voice led the voyage to the New World as well as the charter for the Massachussets Bay Colony, and he fostered many internal improvements throughout England, which further benifetted the economy. Unfortunately, Charles began to push his limits as a monarch, and many became upset (including New Worlders from Massachussets) to the point of abdicating him and executing him for treason. Nevertheless, his positive effects on society and political rennovations persist in today’s
The type of revolution that may ensue is unknown, but it is possible for Marx and Rousseau’s dream to come true, if adopted by the majority and entered into willingly.
... Now, with the 3 key ingredients all mixed together, a successful revolution is created! So, making a revolution is not a very easy thing. But if a revolution is necessary, the three ingredients (a good cause, good organization, and a good outcome) will definitely lead you to a successful revolution. The Cuban revolution had all these ingredients,but they added more.
The wealth, power, and prestige of the bourgeoisie, acquired mostly from their control of institutions, industries, and means of production, enabled them to force upon the proletariat their economic, political, and religious ideologies. These are the same ideologies "used to maintain certain social relations" (Eagleton 466). These very ideologies are what "make the masses loyal to the very institutions that are the source of their exploitation" (Tischler 16). Once the proletariat ceases to believe in or abide by those ideologies, revolt is inevitable, and the moment it occurs, so does the destruction or alteration of a single controlling and tyrannical power altogether. Thus, it can be said that "the bourgeoisie reign is doomed when economic conditions are ripe and when a working class united by solidarity, aware of its common interests and energized by an appropriate system of ideas, confronts its disunited antagonists" (Rideneir).
Whether it is to depart from a dictatorship or monarchy, or to create a new social order and political change. Revolutions become successful through similar and different methods which, result in cultural and historical change and influences for future revolutions. Revolutions are not executed with only a single person alone but accomplished by groups or people who believe their contribution will lead to their idea of the greater