In people without diabetes, the pancreas makes a chemical called insulin which is released into the blood stream. Insulin helps the glucose from the food get into cells. When the pancreas doesn’t make insulin, it can’t get into the cells and the insulin stays in the blood stream. The blood glucose level gets very high, causing the person to have type one diabetes. There are many symptoms of type one diabetes.
Type 2 diabetics produce insulin, but the cells in the body are "insulin resistant". They do not respond properly to the hormone, so glucose accumulates in the blood. Insulin resistance increases as weight increases and physical activity decreases. Many Americans with type 2 are obese and weigh at least twenty percent more then what is recommended for that person's height. Some type 2 diabetics must inject insulin, but most people can control the disease with exercise, weight loss, and oral diabetes medications.
Glucose flows through the bloodstream and into the cells. The cells carries these glucose throughout our body for energy. In a normal person, their pancreas secretes the right amount of insulin in order for their body to break down food and store energy into the cells. In a diabetic person, insulin is not produced, insulin production is inadequate, or the cells resist to the insulin. Improper production and resistance to insulin will lead to the cause of Type 1 diabetes, Type 2 diabetes, or Gestational diabetes.
Insulin helps the body get energy by absorbing carbohydrates in the foods people eat every day. Sometimes the body cannot use insulin efficiently or it just cannot make enough of it. This is when diabetes is developed. If glucose cannot be absorbed then it will build up in the blood. High blood sugar can damage nerves and blood vessels.
Until they do, they have already developed life-threatening complications. This may include blindness, kidney diseases, nerves diseases, heart diseases, strokes, and amputations. It is no wonder that diabetes is known as the silent killer. Diabetes is condition where the body does not produce or properly use insulin, which is a type of hormone that converts sugar, starches, and other types of foods into the energy that humans need everyday. It controls the blood sugar level and without it, death is inevitable.
This hormone is responsible for maintaining an optimal glucose level in the blood. It allows the body cells to use glucose as a main energy source. Due to abnormal insulin metabolism, in a diabetic person, the body cells and tissues cannot make use of glucose from the blood, resulting in elevated blood glucose level or hyperglycemia. Over time, elevated blood glucose level in the bloodstream can lead to severe complications, such as disorders of the eyes, cardiovascular diseases, kidney damage and nerve destruction. In Type 1 diabetes, the pancreas is not able to produce sufficient amount of insulin as required for the body.
When this occurs the body begins to burn fatty acids required for energy production which begins to produce ketones in the body which are r... ... middle of paper ... ... predisposing the patient to renal deficiency. Furthermore DKA can be a cause of dehydration, with DKA there is a loss of fluid, electrolytes and glucose in the urine due to polyuria. DKA & Inflammation. If the inflammation has to do with the infection, the normal response is for the body to produce more glucose and, if the patient with diabetes has insufficient insulin to counteract the glucose production, the excess glucose can cause DKA. With chronic infection inflammation can cause an ulcer from damage to the underlying cells of the skin.
At the beginning of digestion, carbohydrates are broken down into glucose and other sugar molecules. Glucose is then directly absorbed into the bloodstream which causes blood glucose levels to peak. At the same time, the pancreas releases insulin to allow the glucose to be absorbed into cells either to be used as energy or stored. Once levels are balanced, the pancreas reduces production of insulin. In a patient with Type II diabetes, insulin may be produced and able to attach to receptor cells but glucose is unable to move into the cell to be used.
When the pancreas cannot maintain homeostasis, many problems will arise in the body. When the pancreas fails to produce insulin, type 1 and 2 diabetes can occur. For those with type 1 diabetes, insulin injections will be needed in order to regulate blood glucose level, otherwise, glucose levels will be out of control. For type 2 diabetes, they are not insulin dependent like type 1, however, the body does not create enough in the body. When blood glucose
In order for the cells to receive the glucose, a hormone made in the islet or B-cells of the pancreas called insulin acts a receptor on the cell membrane to let the glucose enter inside the cells. In contrast, in people with diabetes, the body does not make enough of the hormone insulin, or does not use the insulin properly. As a result, the food that is digested and becomes glucose is not able to enter the cells and it builds up inside the blood. Therefore, the cells are not getting any fuel and cannot survive without energy for an extended length of time. A diagnosis of diabetes is confirmed when an over-night fasting blood glucose level has been noted to be 140 mg/dl or greater on more than one occasion.