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How humanism affected the Renaissance
Humanism in the Renaissance period
Renaissance In Italy
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Top Five Jobs of the 16th Century and the 21st Century Jobs are an important part of everyday life and were an important part of sixteenth century life. The sixteenth century was the era of the Renaissance, which lasted from the 1300’s to 1700’s, in Europe. The beginnings of the Renaissance can be described with humanism, which was the intellectual movement that enlightened the Renaissance (“Humanism”). Humanism also inspired change in many jobs. As many people’s perspectives changed, jobs evolved. Sixteenth and twenty-first century jobs may be very distant in terms of time, but they still have their share of similarities and differences. Acting involves conveying a character through body language and speech. The acting profession …show more content…
They were so common that “by the early sixteenth century one-third of all households had live-in servants” (“Servants”). Farmers and the wealthy were the main employers of servants. Servants could be either gender and worked long hours. The male servants were the status holders in a household. They were provided with the basic necessities of living, such as food, shelter, and water. Servants were paid very little to nothing at all. Retail workers of today are also paid very little. They make around $7.50 to $9.50 an hour. The pay of servants was even lower than that of retail workers. Even though servants were paid so little, they were crucial in society because they performed the tedious tasks that no one else would. This fact is the same for retail workers. Servants were a part of the lower class. Retail workers are classified in the lower class as well. Servants and retail workers have many …show more content…
Farming was important because it provided food for towns. Doctors of today are important because they are the healers of a community. Farmers were made up of peasants and servants. The actual people who owned the farms were lords of the land. Farms were rather small and difficult to work on since farmers did not have advanced tools. Farmers often used strip farming: “Strip-farming involves the planting of crops in rows across the slope of the land at right angles rather than parallel to it” (“Strip-Farming”). This method made the harvesting of crops much easier. Oxen and horses were utilized to help lessen the workload, but this was not an option for all farmers. The lords that owned farmlands were normally wealthy. The actual farmers were usually paid by how much food they were able to harvest. Doctors are paid around $200,000 to $750,000 per year, depending on the type of doctor they are. For example, neurosurgeons earn more money than pediatricians. Farmers were considered low class because they did not actually own anything, everything belonged to the lords. On the other hand, doctors are considered to be middle to upper class. Doctors can work in private practice or in big hospitals. Doctors have to be committed and intelligent to be successful. This is different from farming because farmers only had to know how to harvest crops in order to work. There are many similarities and differences between farmers
The “ Big Payoff ” in the passage is not a symbol for actually becoming a doctor but a symbol for the paycheck that comes with being a doctor. Goodman uses this symbol in order to display to the reader that the big paycheck involved with being a doctor should not be there
Doctors usually need some type of training. In the medieval period, these doctors did not need any training to become a Nim Gimmer. “Medieval medicine appears to lack a degree of scientific knowledge. Many of the roots of medieval medical knowledge were based on the classical learning of the ancient Greeks and what they believed he human body was like, with the ideas such as the heart being control centre for the body’s activities of the brain” (Comte 140). The practitioners based their curriculum on ancient Greeks. He doctors went by a specific book which showed them how take care of their clients. Many people did not acquire to know about the knowledge of the doctor and how much they really knew about their condition. Sometimes the doctors held meetings to discuss their patient’s problems. The most common issue became a regular common cold. In the beginning of this practice, a medieval manuscript became available. “A medieval manuscript exists which contains ninety six illustrations of patients displaying their disorders to a doctor” (100). This manuscript helped the practitioners through their journey of being a doctor. Doctors were not always well received by society.
The farmers were accustomed to a daily routine. Their activities revolved around farming. The farmers used traditional methods that were created by their ancestors. Many of the traditions of small villages were abandoned and they were introduced to new things. This helped the villages to become more advanced. Abandoning traditions allowed the small villages also become familiar to new technology. New features were introduced to Britain, such as the cultivation of turnips and potatoes. Two of the contributors to agriculture were Jethro Tull and Lord Towenshend. Those men made the importance of root crops important to agriculture. In addition to the innovations helping villages, they could also hurt them. These changes were very complex for the farmers. Learning new techniques could be confusing and could also destroy their crops, which would definitely hurt the farmers.
The serf daily life starts off by waking up as an early as 3am. After they will eat breakfast, which was usually pottage. Working in the fields was than their main job. This includes reaping, which is cutting crops for harvest, sowing, ploughing, haymaking, threshing, hedging and more. They farm because they had to work his lords land and paid the lord a certain dues in return of the use of the land. The payment can be money or food etc. The serfs had to pay 3 days a week, and if they didn’t work then they are punished or resign to a new owner. There other jobs for the serfs such as craftsmen, bakers, farmers, and tax collectors. Women had to maintain their household, and assists their husband. Usually the women serf can only be a maid, servant or nun.
To begin, wealthy land owner would buy land from the village farmers. Once they had purchased the land, they enclosed their land. Enclosing their lands would enable them to cultivate larger fields. The new landowners would use their larger fields to experiment on seeding and have rusting methods in the hope of boosting crop yields. These new farmlands allowed for two important results. First, landowners were encouraged to trey new agricultural methods. Second, large landowners forced small farmers to either become tenant farmers or to give up up farming and move to the cities. On the contrary side, some may have argued that the wealthy taking over their farmland was a bad idea. For example, some farmers were angry due tot he fact that they would have to give up their land; however, this proved to help
Farming was extremely important because less and less people were growing their own food. Urbanization meant that food production in rural areas was integral to the economy. It wasn't long before agriculture was industrialized, allowing for a huge population growth. This made the work monumentally simpler, and rather than having dozens of farmhands for a few acres, a farmer could use the same number of men for hundreds of acres of farmland. This meant that urban population grew and grew, while rural population only shrank. Heads turned from agriculture and artisanry to factories. For the first time in history, agriculture was no longer the main focus of the
Agriculture had controlled the British economy for centuries. Throughout the 18th century, after a long period of enclosures, new farming systems formed an agricultural revolution that produced more crops to feed the growing population. In the beginning of the 19th century, land was of great political and economic significance the aristocracy and gentry owned much of the countryside, and their renters farmed and raised livestock. New tools, fertilizers and harvesting methods were familiarized, resulting in more productivity. Agriculture remained a main provider of employment, and was supported by the industry.
New technologies not only allowed farming to become more efficient, but made the process of shipping crops west much easier. The most important innovation in farming itself was the horse-drawn combine, which required many horses to operate, but allowed wheat, a popular crop to grow in the west, to be harvested en masse. One way that eastern businessmen exploited farmers in the west was by owning the land they worked on, and taking most of their profits. Many contracts between businessmen and farmers had clauses such as, “The sale of every cropper’s part of the cotton to be made by me when and where I choose to sell, and after deducting all they owe me and all sums that I may be responsible for on their accounts, to pay them their half of the net proceeds.”
Farming is the main supply for a country back then. The crops that farmers produce basically was the only food supply. That makes famers a very important part of society. Farmers back t...
Some peasants held manorial offices and some did not. Some peasant women lost their identity behind a husband and others maintained it by never marrying. In this sense, Judith M. Bennett's portrayal of peasant life in A Medieval Life: Cecilia Penifader of Brigstock, c. 1295-1344 is a nuanced perspective. She not only analyzes the affect of the powerful institutions of church and manor on peasants, but she also recognizes that they were affected differently depending on their position within peasant society.
African Americans and servants both are treated quite poorly, they did not have the necessary clothing to properly work in the field. They were given a canvas shirt and trowsers, and that 's it. No shoes, no hat, and the shirt and trowsers were hopsack, meaning not the best woven, and rough to the touch. The servants also were given the same amount of food as the slaves, and they worked the same hours. (Source 3)
In Victorian times having a house full of servants at the owner's command was quite common for upper and middle class families. Some job titles included footman, cooks, maids, butlers, coachman, and cooks. Among these servants, the highest ranked and paid was the butler. While we all may have a stereotype of a tall, skinny man that opens the door and says, “You rang?” the actual list of duties and responsibilities of a butler express he is a man of high demand.
Without farmers, there would be no food for us to consume. Big business picked up on this right away and began to control the farmers profits and products. When farmers buy their land, they take out a loan in order to pay for their land and farm house and for the livestock, crops, and machinery that are involved in the farming process. Today, the loans are paid off through contracts with big business corporations. Since big business has such a hold over the farmers, they take advantage of this and capitalize on their crops, commodities, and profits.
... middle of paper ... ... The individuals that had no land were used as laborers in these farms. The peasant laborers (serfs) worked for the landowners in exchange for residence as well as protection from enemies.
Farming has been an occupation since 8,500 B.C. On that year in the Fertile Crescent farming first began when people grew plants instead of picking them in the wild. Then nearly 5,000 years later oxen, horses, pigs, and dogs were domesticated. During the middle ages, the nobles divide their land into three fields. The reasoning for this was to plant two and leave one to recover. This was the start of crop rotation which is a big part of farming today. Burning down forest and then moving to another area is a farming technique used by the Mayans called Slash and burn. Mayan farmers also were able to drain swampy areas to farm them buy building canals. In 1701 Jethro Tull invented the seed drill and a horse drawn how that tilled the land. In Denmark they would plant turnips in the previously unplanted field. The turnips help restore the nutrients in the ground thus crop rotation is born. In England people began moving there fields closer to each other for a more efficient way of planting. Later in the 18th century selective breeding was introduce which made bigger, stronger, and more milk producing livestock. In the mid 1800’s a steam plough was invented. By the 1950 tractors, milking machines, and combines were used by almost farmers. The latest f...