Annotated Bibliography
Bartoszewski, Władysław. The Warsaw Ghetto: A Christian's Testimony. Boston: Beacon, 1987.
Print.
As a first hand encounter of the Warsaw Ghetto, the understanding of the events occurring from the perspective of a Christian portrays the conditions in which the Poles were under. By describing the things that were done to help the Jews, it is clear that there were Poles that did as much as possible to help protect and disguise Jews as Aryans. The personal relationships that were created between the Poles and the Jews demonstrate the strength of the two parties in one of the hardest times in history. The personal encounters, as well as the vivid descriptions of the streets of Poland, help explain what was done by the Poles
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"Polish-Jewish Relations during the War: An Interpretation." Archives
Européennes De Sociologie / European Journal of Sociology / Europäisches Archiv Für
Soziologie 27.2 (1986): 199-214. Print. http://loyola-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/01LUC:Library_Collections:TN_jstor_archive_1223999261
During the occupation of Poland, Poles were left with a difficult situation at hand. While it is easy to place blame on the Poles for not helping hide more Jews, but it must be noted what was done to protect the lives of many. Poles volunteered to help the Jewish people out at the risk of the lives of themselves and their families. Even as they were afraid, the Poles did what they could to help save Jews even though they believed in the containment of Jews in isolated areas. In the end, the Poles refrained from interfering with the Jews isolation, as requested by the Germans.
Korboński, Stefan. The Jews and the Poles in World War II. New York: Hippocrene, 1989.
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As one of the first witness accounts as to what was occurring in Poland, this address identifies the situation at hand and sheds awareness to other countries. By focusing on each of the issues attached to the occupation of Poland, the news can be spread easily. This is due to the fact that by identifying all of the horrible things being done to the Jews, the rest of the world would immediately feel the need to help. Although awful to hear, the detail used to depict what was occurring was ultimately necessary to attract the attention of other countries to help stop further elimination of Jews.
Ringelblum, Emanuel, Joseph. Kermish, and Shmuel. Krakowski. Polish-Jewish Relations during the Second World War. Evanston, Ill.: Northwestern UP, 1992.
Dawidowicz, Lucy S.. The war against the Jews, 1933-1945. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1975.
A Ghetto is a section of a city were members of a racial group are
"World War II in Europe." 10 June 2013. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. 18 March 2014 .
Wiesel recounts the cramped living conditions, the Jewish life and the design and purpose of the Sighet ghettos from its conception to its liquidation. His recount demonstrates the hardships and the dehumanization experienced by the Jewish people starting with their isolation and containment within the
The events which have become to be known as The Holocaust have caused much debate and dispute among historians. Central to this varied dispute is the intentions and motives of the perpetrators, with a wide range of theories as to why such horrific events took place. The publication of Jonah Goldhagen’s controversial but bestselling book “Hitler’s Willing Executioners: Ordinary Germans and the Holocaust” in many ways saw the reigniting of the debate and a flurry of scholarly and public interest. Central to Goldhagen’s disputed argument is the presentation of the perpetrators of the Holocaust as ordinary Germans who largely, willingly took part in the atrocities because of deeply held and violently strong anti-Semitic beliefs. This in many ways challenged earlier works like Christopher Browning’s “Ordinary Men: Reserve Police Battalion 101 and the Final Solution in Poland” which arguably gives a more complex explanation for the motives of the perpetrators placing the emphasis on circumstance and pressure to conform. These differing opinions on why the perpetrators did what they did during the Holocaust have led to them being presented in very different ways by each historian. To contrast this I have chosen to focus on the portrayal of one event both books focus on in detail; the mass shooting of around 1,500 Jews that took place in Jozefow, Poland on July 13th 1942 (Browning:2001:225). This example clearly highlights the way each historian presents the perpetrators in different ways through; the use of language, imagery, stylistic devices and quotations, as a way of backing up their own argument. To do this I will focus on how various aspects of the massacre are portrayed and the way in which this affects the presentation of the per...
During World War I Avrom Sutzkever spent most of his early childhood in Siberia where he and his parents took refuge from German armies. His father died in Siberia and his mother then moved the family back to Avrom’s birthtown in nineteen twenty-one, three years after World War I had ended. Following the war Avrom attended a local Polish Jewish high school, attended university classes in Polish literature, and was...
Botwinick, Rita Steinhardt. A History of the Holocaust. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall, 2004.
Tent, James F. In the Shadow of the Holocaust: Nazi Persecution of Jewish-Christian Germans. Kansas: University Press of Kansas, 2003.
"The persecution of the Jews in the General Government in Polish territory gradually worsened in its cruelty. In 1939 and 1940 they were forced to wear the Star of David and were herded together and confined in ghettos. In 1941 and 1942 this unadulterated sadism was fully revealed. And then a thinking man, who had overcome his inner cowardice, simply had to help. There was no other choice."
The Warsaw Ghetto was a Jewish-populated ghetto in the largest city of Poland, Warsaw. A ghetto can be defined as a part of a city in which large quantities of members of a minority group live, especially because of social, legal, or economic pressure. Ghettos were commonly attributed to a location where there was a large Jewish population. In fact, the word Ghetto originated from the name of the Jewish quarter in Venice, Italy, in 16th century.The Warsaw Ghetto was the largest Ghetto, as a part of the Holocaust, and as an early stage of it, played a very significant role. Today, in our museum exhibit, we have several artifacts, including primary evidence relating to the Warsaw ghetto. We will be discussing how and why it was created, the lifestyle
Lukas, Richard C. Did the Children Cry?: Hitler's War against Jewish and Polish Children, 1939-1945. New York: Hippocrene, 1994.
Most narratives out of the Holocaust from the Nazis point of view are stories of soldiers or citizens who were forced to partake in the mass killings of the Jewish citizens. Theses people claim to have had no choice and potentially feared for their own lives if they did not follow orders. Neighbors, The Destruction of the Jewish Community in Jedwabne, Poland, by Jan T. Gross, shows a different account of people through their free will and motivations to kill their fellow Jewish Neighbors. Through Gross’s research, he discovers a complex account of a mass murder of roughly 1,600 Jews living in the town of Jedwabne Poland in 1941. What is captivating about this particular event was these Jews were murdered by friends, coworkers, and neighbors who lived in the same town of Jedwabne. Gross attempts to explain what motivated these neighbors to murder their fellow citizens of Jedwabne and how it was possible for them to move on with their lives like it had never happened.
Kaplan, Marian A., Between Dignity and Despair: Jewish Life in Nazi Germany, Publisher: Oxford University Press, 1999
... I 1944 [Over Warsaw - Warsaw Thermopylae 1939 and 1944], Warsaw: Fundacja Wystawa Warszawa Walczy 1939-1945, 2000.
This book left me with a deeper sense of the horrors experienced by the Polish people, especially the Jews and the gypsies, at the hands of the Germans, while illustrating the combination of hope and incredible resilience that kept them going.