Laryngectomy
Laryngectomy is partial or total removal of the voice box (larynx). The larynx allows air to pass through the vocal cords, which allows you to speak and breathe. After having a laryngectomy, you will no longer be able to speak normally or breathe out of your nose and mouth. Instead, you will have an opening (stoma) in the front of your neck that you will use to breathe and communicate.
Laryngectomy is commonly done to treat cancer of the larynx. If cancer has spread (metastasized) to the lymph nodes in the neck, lymph nodes may be removed from one or both sides of the neck. Lymph nodes are part of the body 's disease-fighting (immune) system.
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PROCEDURE
• To reduce your risk of infection:
○ Your health care team will wash or sanitize their hands.
○ Your skin will be washed with soap.
• An IV tube will be inserted into one of your veins.
• You will be given a medicine to make you fall sleep (general anesthetic). You may also be given medicine to help you relax (sedative).
• A flexible tube (catheter) will be put into your bladder to drain urine.
• You may have a tube put through your nose or mouth and into your stomach (nasogastric tube). The nasogastric tube removes digestive fluids and prevents you from throwing up or feeling nauseous. It may be kept in after the procedure to give you nutrition while your incision heals.
• A U-shaped incision will be made in your neck. The incision will start just below your ear, and will continue below your larynx and up to the other side of your neck.
• Your larynx will be separated from your windpipe (trachea) and removed.
• An incision will be made in your trachea.
• Your trachea will be attached to the skin of your neck to create a stoma.
• One or more of your lymph nodes may be removed from your
Prior to intubation for a surgical procedure, the anesthesiologist administered a single dose of the neuromuscular blocking agent, succinylcholine, to a 23-year-old female to provide muscular relaxation during surgery and to facilitate the insertion of the endotracheal tube. Following this, the inhalation anesthetic was administered and the surgical procedure completed.
Diprivan: Relaxes and sedates the patient before surgery / In order to insert the IABP and intubation on the patient.
Hoarseness, breathiness, scratchy/rough voice, the "lump in your throat" sensation, shooting pains from ear to ear, the need to breathe in deeper than usual ... these are all symptoms that a nodule can cause. A nodule is basically a small growth and looks like a bump on your vocal folds. This growth occurs from vocal abuse, misuse, and overuse. A healthy, normal vocal chord often has smooth, white mucosal surfaces and has no irregular objects on your vibrating borders. But when you abuse your vocal chords by putting force and tension upon them, the vibrations go into an "overload" and can cause too much friction on them. Eventually a type of bruise forms called a hematoma and a layer of fibrous tissues form into a soft or hard bump, AKA a nodule. Usually two nodules would form on each side of a vocal fold where the friction was extensive.
Although lung cancer is generally operable, by using either traditional open surgery, or one of the less intrusive and more sophisticated video-assisted thoracoscopic surgeries (VATS), often it may not be considered to be the best option for a patient. Where ill-health is a factor, or either the size and location of the tumor is deemed to be a consideration, other forms of treatment may well have to be considered.
Now let’s break down what General Anesthesia actually is. General Anesthesia makes you both unconscious and unable to feel pain during medical procedures. A study done by a team from Harvard Medical School, Weill Cornell Medical college, and the Massachusetts Ins...
Volles, D. F. (2011, April 11). University of Virginia Health System Adult and Geriatric Sedation/Analgesia for Diagnostic and Therapeutic Procedures. Retrieved May 12, 2011, from University of Virgina Health System: University of Virginia Health System Adult and Geriatric Sedation/Analgesia for Diagnostic and Therapeutic Procedures
Although the comorbidities and type of surgery dictate certain decisions in managing patient care, anesthesiologists maintain various modalities for the perioperative period. These consist of anything from local to regional anesthesia, including neuraxial techniques and peripheral nerve blocks, as well as monitored anesthesia care with sedation to general anesthesia. Overlapping of different anesthetic types and combinations of regional analgesics to supplement general anesthesia occur frequently.
A relatively low risk and quick surgery; however, after the surgery Stella’s vocal cords began to swell and she was having trouble breathing one day while playing. Her owners realized it and rushed her to the veterinarian. The doctor had to perform an emergency surgery that involved cutting out the swollen tissue which required a large incision along her neck leaving an ugly scar. This surgery was much more expensive than the original devocalization or hiring a dog trainer and could eventually require another removal of swollen tissues (Devocalized: Stella’s
Sedative medication helps relax patients by slowing the action of the central nervous system. People remain aware of their surroundings, but are less responsive to external stimuli like the sound of the drill or the smell of materials.
The pharynx is a large cavity behind the mouth and between the nasal cavity and larynx. The pharynx serves, as an air and food passage but cannot be used for both purposes at the same time, otherwise choking would result. The air is also warmed and moistened further as it passes through the pharynx. The larynx is a short passage connecting the pharynx to the trachea and contains vocal chords. The larynx has a rigid wall and is composed mainly of muscle and cartilage, which help prevent collapse and obstruction of the airway.
American Academy of Otolaryngology. (2014). American Academy of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery. Retrieved April 23, 2014, from https://www.entnet.org/HealthInformation/deviatedSeptum.cfm
Anesthesia is used in almost every single surgery. It is a numbing medicine that numbs the nerves and makes the body go unconscious. You can’t feel anything or move while under the sedative and are often delusional after being taken off of the anesthetic. Believe it or not, about roughly two hundred years ago doctors didn’t use anesthesia during surgery. It was rarely ever practiced. Patients could feel everything and were physically held down while being operated on. 2It wasn’t until 1846 that a dentist first used an anesthetic on a patient going into surgery and the practice spread and became popular (Anesthesia). To this day, advancements are still being made in anesthesiology. 7The more scientists learn about molecules and anesthetic side effects, the better ability to design agents that are more targeted, more effective and safer, with fewer side effects for the patients (Anesthesia). Technological advancements will make it easier to read vital life signs in a person and help better decide the specific dosages a person needs.
The larynx, known as the voice box, consists of an outer casing of nine cartilages that are connected to one another by muscles and ligaments. There are three unpaired cartilages and six paired. The unpaired cartilages include the thyroid, cricoid, and epiglottis. The thyroid cartilage is the largest and better known as the Adam’s apple. The cricoid cartilage is the most inferior cartilage of the larynx which forms the base of the larynx on which the other cartilages rest. Together, the thyroid and cricoid cartilages maintain an open passageway for air movement. The epiglottis and vestibular folds, or false vocal chords, prevent swallowed material from moving into the larynx. The paired cartilages, accounting for the remaining six, include the arytenoid (ladl...
While quiet breathing, external intercostal muscles contract, which causes the ribcage to expand and move up. The diaphragm then contracts and moves down. The volume of the chest cavity increases, the lungs expand and the pressure inside the lungs decreases. Air then flows into the lungs in response to the pressure gradient. Inspiration (inhalation or breathing in) is accomplished by increasing the space, therefore decreasing the
Health care has always been an interesting topic all over the world. Voltaire once said, “The art of medicine consists of amusing the patient while nature cures the disease.” It may seem like health care that nothing gets accomplished in different health care systems, but ultimately many trying to cures diseases and improve health care systems.