The Role of Genetics in Modern Society
explanatory Essay
1000 words
The Role of Genetics in Modern Society
Genes by definition are information we inherit from our parents, they
contain chromosomal information which codes for every physical and
mental attribute a human, animal or plant has. Modern society has come
to realise by finding the gene that causes the illness they can remove
it. They then can insert the correct gene to replace it. Genes are
arranged like beads on a piece of string, they occur in a fixed order.
Modern day society has also realised that by learning about genes and
increasing their understanding many useful tasks can be carried out.
For example, solving crimes; if a suspect has been identified, a
sample of that’s persons DNA can be checked against DNA (a long
thread- like molecule found in every living cell) which may have been
found at the crime scene. This process is done use of a genetic code.
Although every human may have the same basic components in a double
helix of DNA, base, sugar, and phosphate: The type of sugar may vary,
further more the order of complimentary base pairs may occur in a
different order. Thus, meaning an almost infinite number of
combinations. As our genes allow every person to have their own DNA
code, a definite match of DNA would mean that person could without
doubt be linked to the scene. All that is needed to extract DNA is one
cell - a speck of blood, a swab of saliva or a miniscule fragment of
skin that clings to a strand of hair!
Jack Straw is said to putting plans forward to enforce any criminal to
keep their genetic material on a national database with purpose of
cross matching with unsolved crimes.
As law stands at the moment writte...
... middle of paper ...
...God, yet he entrusted it to us. Meaning
God gives his permission for this to take place. Catholics may feel
that all life is sacred and thus should not be manipulated in any way.
The role of genetics within modern day society is huge, hitting the
media’s attention often several times a week. This could be due to its
complex desire to overcome barriers of human survival. The subject of
genetics plays an already great role in modern day society. With much
debate and research to continue, its future however is unpredictable.
References
1 Genes volume 7, Benjaman Lewis Oxford University Press, Page 71
01/01/2000
2 www.news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/1126047.stm 01/12/04
3 www.bbc.co.uk/religion/ethics/issues/designer_babies/index.shtml
02/12/04
4 www.guardian.co.uk/gmdebate/Story/0,2763,1362276,00.html 02/12/04
In this essay, the author
- Explains the role of genetics in modern society. genes contain chromosomal information that codes for every physical and mental attribute a human, animal or plant has.
- Explains that modern day society has realised that by learning about genes and increasing their understanding many useful tasks can be carried out.
- Explains that although every human may have the same basic components in a double helix of dna, base, sugar, and phosphate, the order of complimentary base pairs may occur in different order.
- Explains that jack straw is putting forward plans to enforce any criminal to keep their genetic material on a national database with purpose of cross matching with unsolved crimes.
- Explains that genetic engineering is top of the media list in the medical/biological field. it involves swapping old genes for new ones.
- Explains the complications of diabetes type1 include cardiovascular disease, retinopathy, nerve damage, and kidney damage. current medical protocol means sufferers rely on insulin injections, as the langerhans cells in the pancreas no longer produce sufficient insulin.
- Explains that culturing and inserting the correct gene is a realistic and possible cure. the hepatitis b vaccine was discovered from the field of genetics.
- Explains that genetic engineering has caused controversy within religious communities.
- Explains that mr and mrs whitakers baby jamie, was genetically selected while he was an embryo to be a near-perfect match for older sibling charlie.
- Explains that cloning is done by asexual reproduction and produces individuals who are genetically identical to someone who already exists.
- Opines that cell could be used. there are strong arguments for both sides against human cloning.
- Explains that laboratories may also be destroyed should that happen. cloning allows gay couples to have children. the characteristics of all living things are based on dna.
- Explains that dna acts as a template to make the proteins that control the thousands of functions in any organism. modern day research has allowed genes to be changed and inserted into the dna of individuals of the same or another species.
- Argues that genetically modified food can be produced faster, at less cost, meaning poorer countries could have more food. the consequences of such food haven't been researched adequately according to some academics.
- Explains that the compilers' own admission that their test's "severely reduced" sensitivity meant that some differences between gm and non-gm trails may have been missed, according to friends of the earth.
- Explains that protesters have taken to destroying crop fields and religious communities have suffered heavily due to false genetic arguments.
- Explains that some feel creation belongs to god, yet he entrusted it to us. catholics may feel that all life is sacred and should not be manipulated in any way. genetics is huge in modern society.
- Opines that genetics plays an already great role in modern day society, but its future is unpredictable.
Related
- explanatory
- analytical
- opinionated
- argumentative
- Genetic Testing And Its Social Implicationsexplanatory essayProbably, applied genetics’ most impacts on society are as a result of genetic tests. In general, genetic tests seek to detect some feature of a person’s genetic constitution. This feature can be a disease causing mutation or a marker DNA sequence used to detect presence of another gene. Obviously these procedures used for testing the status of DNA, RNA or chromosomes are included in genetic tests. What is more it is possible to include some protein based tests and classical medical examinations when they aim to detect inheritance of a trait. Genetic tests have been divided into four categories in this text, and they will be examined in greater detail later. These categories are:
In this essay, the author
- Explains that applied genetics' most impacts on society are as a result of genetic tests.
- Opines that tests should be reliable, since they can detect a disease-associated gene and mutated genes. new tests are constantly being developed.
- Opines that the nuremberg code requires the subject to be informed of the test's validity and consequences.
- Explains that it has been 10 years since the first preimplantation genetic diagnosis (pgd) babies were born. 50 centers worldwide have begun offering pgd for a variety of disorders, including single gene defects, chromosomal imbalances and sex linked diseases.
- Explains that the pgd process involves taking out multiple egg cells from the prospective mother by multiple ovulation technique.
- Explains lee, thomas f. the human genome project: cracking the genetic code of life.
- Opines that tests should not be carried out if there is not sufficient reason to do so. only the individual should have full access to information about his own genetic constitution.
- Explains that prenatal testing is beneficial as it encourages couples to attempt pregnancy by assuring them that in an unfavorable outcome pregnancy can be terminated.
- Explains that neonatal screening is performed just after the baby's birth to test for common genetic disorders such as phenylketonurea, cf or genetic anemia.
- Explains that it is possible to test individuals for a late onsetting disease before the first symptoms are seen.
- Explains that complex diseases are caused by a combination of multiple genes and environmental factors. testing for complex disease predisposition is not common, because of the lack of kits.
- Explains that abortion is the legal right of the pregnant woman when there is proof that the embryo or fetus will be genetically defective.
- Explains that sexing embryos is usually done in genetic disorders where only males or females are defected.
- Explains harper, j.c., and wells, d. recent advances and future developments in pgd.
3232 wordsRead More - The Disadvantages of Genetic Testing on Children Discussed in Dena Davis' Book Genetic Dilemmasanalytical essayIn chapter four of her book Genetic Dilemmas, Dena Davis asserts that it is unethical for parents to subject their children to genetic testing for the markers of adult-onset genetic diseases because it places an unfair constraint on a child’s right to an open future. It both removes the child’s ability to choose whether to be tested as an adult and has the potential to negatively alter the overall trajectory of their lives. While the current consensus amongst medical professionals is that such testing should be prohibited (Davis, _____), many concerned parents correctly point out that discouraging such testing creates a conflict of interests between the “beneficence model of patient care and the rights of parents to their own autonomy” (Davis, 75). The availability of commercial online and mail-order genetic testing kits further exacerbates this dilemma by enabling these dissenting parents to obtain test results for their children. Davis ultimately makes a convincing argument that “parental requests for genetic information about their children, when they have no immediate relevance to medical intervention or disease prevention, should generally be resisted” (Davis, 87). This paper seeks to demonstrate that in the case of testing for incurable, late onset genetic diseases, protecting the rights and interests of the child should take precedence over parental autonomy, and that there is a marked need for tighter regulation of commercial genetic testing in order to protect these rights.
In this essay, the author
- Analyzes how dena davis asserts that it is unethical for parents to subject their children to genetic testing for adult-onset genetic diseases because it places an unfair constraint on a child's right to an open future.
- Explains that davis acknowledges that there is a lack of consensus regarding the ethical permissibility of testing. test results will allow parents to exercise their reproductive rights and decide if and when to have more children.
- Argues that the autonomy of some must be sacrificed for the broader good of all. rawls introduces the maximin rule in his 1971 treatise a theory of justice.
- Argues that genetic testing violates a child's right to an open future. parents may feel guilty or shelter their not-yet-sick children because they believe they are more fragile than they actually are.
- Agrees with davis' assertion that childhood testing for late onset diseases should be prohibited if there are neither prophylactic measures nor cures in existence.
- Opines that healthcare providers should err on the side of caution and advise against all childhood genetic testing for untreatable, late-onset diseases.
2351 wordsRead More - dna extractionanalytical essayThere are many techniques used to extract DNA. There are solution based and column based protocols. The process of extraction and purification of DNA is now easier than before. There are now automated systems in labs that have a high output of samples.
In this essay, the author
- Analyzes samples containing inhibitors of subsequent analysis procedures, such as humic acid from soil, indigo and other fabric dyes or haemoglobin in blood.
- Explains that dahm, r., the first discovery of dna.
- Explains that watson and crick were the first scientists to figure out the structure of dna, while johann miescher was first to isolate dna and identify the nucleus.
- Explains that dna isolation is a process of purification of dna from sample using physical and chemical methods.
- Explains that extrachromosomal dna is easy to isolate, especially plasmids. a hirt dna extraction is a delicate process of which there are many techniques and tools to use.
- Explains that the sensitivity of using pcr differs from dna kit to kit, so it's important to choose the right kit so you can save time and eliminate percent error.
- Explains that dna extraction is removing the dna from the cells or virus that it is originally from. there are many techniques used to extract dna.
635 wordsRead More - Dna Gel Electrophoresis Research Paperexplanatory essayDNA is extracted from human cells for a variety of reasons. With a pure sample of DNA you can test a newborn for a genetic disease, analyze forensic evidence, or study a gene involved in cancer.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that they did pcr to find out what their ptc genotype would be. they tasted two different pieces of paper, one had nothing on it, and the other had some sort of flavour put onto it.
- Explains that scientists use gel electrophoresis when they need to sort dna strands according to length.
- Describes the steps involved in setting up the electrophoresis box and transferring the dna sample from the tube into the gel.
- Explains how they used a micropipette to suck up some dna size standard and then turn on the electricity and run the gel.
- Explains how pcr works by heating and cooling the solution over and over, and adding primers, nucleotides and dna polymerase molecules.
- Explains that the picture on the left is a ptc genotype under gel electrophoresis, while the image on 'right' is my genotyp. it was quite clear under ultraviolet light that i had two bands
- Explains that dna is extracted from human cells for a variety of reasons, such as to test newborns for genetic disease, analyze forensic evidence, or study gene involved in cancer.
1337 wordsRead More - What Role Does Genetics Play In Child Developmentexplanatory essayGenetics play an important role in development as far as I have experienced. An early experience, which contributed in my development, would be education and my culture. School has always been an immense part of my life for development. Teachers and classmates played a major role for good educational experiences. They helped me to enhance and learn academic abilities. Also, culture contributes in child growth and the person they eventually become. My parents played an active role shaping my cultural and spiritual life by providing me a continuous opportunity to interact with my peers and adults of all ages who share same religious belief and who can act as cultural role models. I practiced same customs and belief, which made me feel a sense of belonging and pride for the community.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that genetics play an important role in development as far as they have experienced. education and culture contributed to their development.
- Explains that learning about one's own culture plays an enormous role in how child recognize, organize and adapt the cultural meanings.
- Narrates how their eating habits as a child were similar or different to their current habits.
- Explains that their eating habits acted as a forerunner for not having weight problems today because it encouraged them to exercise. they made it possible by reinforcing their new healthy habits.
552 wordsRead More - Genetic Testing Argumentative Essayopinionated essayNeurobiologist, John Roder, kept his secret from his co-workers for several years (Scrivener). Roder has Huntington’s disease, a rare, incurable, inherited disorder. He decided not to get tested for the disease but his daughter, Jessica Robertson, did. Robertson was tested for Huntington’s when she was thirty-two years old, her results were negative. She decided to get tested because she wanted children. Before getting tested, Jessica and her father stated that not knowing the future was motivating and reminded them to live in the moment. They didn’t want the disease to control their lives. Although many parents may disagree, the ASHG’s policy on genetic testing is the best decision because the child should have a say whether or not they want to be tested.
In this essay, the author
- Opines that the ashg's policy on genetic testing is the best decision because the child should have a say whether or not they want to be tested.
- Explains that in order to be genetically tested for huntington's disease one must go through presymptomatic testing. neurological examinations evaluate motor and sensory skills as well as psychiatric symptoms.
- Explains that genetic counseling and testing can be the most nerve-racking part of getting examined for huntington's disease.
- Explains that genetic testing may help relieve a family's anxiety. however, when it comes to adult-onset diseases, the decision to test children becomes more complex and discouraged.
- Recommends waiting until the child is an adult to decide whether to take a genetic test and how to handle the results.
611 wordsRead More - The Genetic Testing Controversyargumentative essayA lot of controversial issues present themselves in psychology. Two topics that I will be discussing in this essay are the controversy over genetic testing and what things would be like without genetic testing. I will be describing what genetic testing is, and how it can affect an individual’s family life. I will be discussing the benefits of genetic counseling, as well as the positives without genetic counseling, and how this issue is debated in a psychological view.
In this essay, the author
- Discusses the controversy over genetic testing and what things would be like without it, and the benefits of genetic counseling, as well as the positives without.
- Explains that genetic testing is a type of medical testing that identifies changes that occur in chromosomes, proteins, and genes.
- Illustrates how genetic testing can be beneficial for families. a military wife and her child were diagnosed with rett syndrome, a neurodevelopmental problem that occurs in the nervous system.
- Explains the benefits of non-genetic testing. genetic testing is expensive, and many families have to decide if the costly payments are worth their budget.
- Describes the pros and cons of genetic and non-genetic testing, stating that religious reasons play a role in this process, as well as personal opinions.
- Explains that the affordable care and patient protection act expands newborn screening options for parents and families through insurance coverage. some parents believe that if their child is diagnosed early with down syndrome, they may not have the needs to parent that child properly.
- Analyzes how the army wife's daughter, riley, had retts syndrome, and was happy with life, even if the c genetic testing was done after birth.
- Compares the positives and negatives of genetic testing and not going through it.
- Explains hawkins, k., & ho, a. (2012). genetic counseling and the ethical issues around direct to consumer genetic testing.
- Opines that genetic testing should be considered for a child's development.
- States that tarquinio, d. c., and percy, a. k. (2011). rett syndrome.
1990 wordsRead More - How Genetic Affects Meexplanatory essayHow Genetics Affect Me My genetics have affected me in a lot of important ways, and without these genetics I wouldn’t be the person who I am today. So in this essay I will be talking about three different kinds of subjects under the category of genetics. The first paragraph I will be talking about hybrids and some facts about it. The second paragraph will be about genetic disorders and some different kinds of genetic disorders.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that genetics have affected them in a lot of important ways, and without them, they wouldn't be the person who they are today.
- Explains that hybrids are the offspring of two different species. they are genetic, structural, numerical, and permanent.
- Explains that genetic disorders are caused by a defect in one's dna. genetic disorders include single-gene, complex, and chromosomal disorders.
- Explains that selective-breeding is the process by which humans use animal breeding and plant breeding to selectively develop traits by choosing which typical animal or plant males and females will sexually reproduce and have offspring together.
- Describes the three main topics in the essay: hybrids, genetic disorders, and selective-breeding.
- Describes simplot innate potatoes, a company that created genetically modified potatoes. they took the cancerous gene from the potato so that it doesn't cause cancer.
- Explains that gmo's are amazing but not everyone thinks they are terrible and give us cancer. if you do the research yourself, you can infer that they're a little better than non-gmo products.
785 wordsRead More - Genetic Research And Child Developmentexplanatory essayGenetic research has the potential to make a huge impact in the field of child development. Behavior that a person inhibits is somewhat influenced by the genes that they inherit. As a result, genetics is and will continue to generate advancements in the biological, cognitive and social areas of child development. This is due to the fact that behavior is the result of biological and cognitive processes and influences social growth. What is known about genetics and behavior is that genetics play a role in the behaviors exhibited by an individual and is indirectly able to influence their environment as well. Genetic research is rooted in the field of behavioral genetics which aims to understand how we inherit certain behaviors and how the environment
In this essay, the author
- Explains that genetic research has the potential to make a huge impact in the field of child development.
- Explains that alcoholism runs in families, but environment and social interactions can influence whether an individual becomes an alcoholic. they also discuss the genetic component of learning disorders, such as attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
435 wordsRead More - Study of Geneticsexplanatory essay1 INTRODUCTION Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) is a type of fiber crop (Dempsey, 1975) and is commercially cultivated in more than 20 countries, particularly in India, China, Thailand and Vietnam (Fao, 2008). World production of kenaf and allied fibers reported as 3,251,125 tons in 2009 (Fao, 2011). Kenaf has a wide range of applications in making biocopmosite board, textile, industrial filters, and high-quality paper. Malaysia is one of the main exporters of timber and timber based products in the world. Renewable resource for biocomposite and timber based products in Malaysia is one of the essentials in agriculture sector.
In this essay, the author
- Explains the generation means analysis procedure to determine heritability and heterosis for economically important traits in kenaf.
- Analyzes the segregation pattern of quantitative traits using snp markers in the f2 population of selected kenaf crosses.
- Explains that kenaf is of persian origin and belongs to the malvaceae family. the genus hibiscus is widespread, comprising 200 annual and perennial species.
- Explains that kenaf flowers are solitary, large to 10 cm in diameter, short-stalked and auxiliary. they open and close in a single day.
- Explains that single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) are the most frequent variants in the genomes of eukaryotes and almost all are biallelic.
- Explains that kenaf is a type of fiber crop and is commercially cultivated in more than 20 countries, including india, china, thailand, and vietnam.
- Explains that kenaf originated from sub-saharan africa with evidence of its domestication around 4000 bc in the sudan region.
- Explains that kenaf breeding programs have not been intensively conducted as it is not considered an important commercialized crop in the world.
- Reports that nine kenaf varieties were compared by shukor et al. (2009) in serdang campus of universiti putra malaysia. heterosis for fiber yield is strongly expressed.
- Explains that the kenaf stem has two types of fibers, bast and core, which produce strong paper pulp with excellent properties.
- Explains that there is no specific molecular markers on kenaf in the online data bases.
- Explains that a wide range of approaches have been available for the detection of genetic variation in plants and animals based on pcr. markers differ from each other in many respects.
- Explains that microsatellites are the molecular marker of choice in many species for investigating population diversity, dna fingerprinting, and genetic mapping.
- Explains that snp detection methods have been reviewed by gupta et al.
2534 wordsRead More