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Laws of conservation of mass
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Introduction In any science that requires computation, specifically in Chemistry, gathering measurements of various physical and chemical properties need to be strictly accurate and precise for it is in this most crucial phase that either make or brake the quality and value of science. No matter how good one may perform the experiment, without forethought on how to gather data correctly, the collected information would not be reliable enough to draw out a conclusion on it. The main objective of this experiment is to explain thoroughly the reacting system which can be done through scientific observation because it is through this vital step that the facts needed to elucidate the reacting system are obtained. It was Antoine Lavoisier, a French chemist that formulated one of the two laws that are observed in the experiment, the Law of Conservation of Mass, which stated that, in a chemical reaction, the total amount of matter of the reaction compounds remains constant. This law was expressed in a more general form as follows: The total amount of matter in a closed system remains constant. The other law that was observed in the experiment is the Law of Conservation of Energy that states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed, only transformed from one form into another. Methodology Samples were taken from the three main bottles that contained the three solutions that were needed in the experiment. 10 ml of solution A was placed on a 50 ml Erlenmeyer flask. This solution had transparent water like consistency and appearance. 3 ml of solution B was put on a 10 ml Erlenmeyer flask. This solution had a blue tint on it. 3 ml of solution C was also placed on another 10 ml Erlenmeyer flask. Like solution A, this last solution had the same transparent water like consistency and appearance. Cork Stoppers were placed on the rim of all the flasks. After making sure that the exteriors were dry, the whole system was weighed all at the same time and the measurement data recorded. Solution B was then poured onto the 50 ml flask, as the blue liquid trickled down slowly, there was toothpaste like precipitate that appeared on the bottom of the flask. It was not until the swirling began did the two solutions mix for before swirling the flask, the two solutions did not readily mix together. While carefully swirling the flask, the toothpaste like precipitate began to mix with the clear liquid.
Isaac Newton discovered gravity when an apple had fallen on his head. He then began to think about how the apple had fallen onto his head and thus Newton’s three laws of motion were created. Newton’s first law of motion is an object in motion tends to stay in motion; an object at rest tends to stay at rest, unless another force is acted upon it. Newton’s second law of motion is about the formula for force, which is force= mass*acceleration. Newton’s third law of motion is for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. Furthermore, Isaac Newton created the three laws of motion.
In 1687, Newton published Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica (also known as Principia). The Principia was the “climax of Newton's professional life” (“Sir Isaac Newton”, 370). This book contains not only information on gravity, but Newton’s Three Laws of Motion. The First Law states that an object in constant motion will remain in motion unless an outside force is applied. The Second Law states that an object accelerates when a force is applied to a mass and greater force is needed to accelerate an object with a larger mass. The Third Law states that for every action there is an opposite and equal reaction. These laws were fundamental in explaining the elliptical orbits of planets, moons, and comets. They were also used to calculate
The experiment done in the lab supports the law of Conservation of Mass because we used the reactants and simply rearranged them to create the products without adding or removing anything. For the experiment we used candy and marshmallows. The green candy symbolized carbon atoms, the red ones hydrogen atoms, and the marshmallows represented oxygen atoms; we also used toothpicks which illustrated bonds keeping them all together. The chemical reaction for photosynthesis is the product of six carbon dioxide plus six water atoms is glucose (sugar) plus oxygen. We started by making the food into the reactants, the ingredients for the chemical reaction; six green candy drops and twelve marshmallows plus twelve red candy drops and six marshmallows.
The first law of thermodynamics simply states that heat is a form of energy and heat energy cannot be created nor destroyed. In this lab we were measuring the change in temperature and how it affected the enthalpy of the reaction.
* It was almost impossible to tell when the Alka-Seltzer tablet had dissolved, each time the experiment was done. This was a huge problem for the experiment as this could have totally caused problems to the experiment. A special type of detector apparatus, which bleeped when the correct amount of Alka-Seltzer tablet dissolved, could improve this, each time the experiment was done.
The experiment required that a 250 mL beaker be filled with 75-85 mL of distilled water. Then between 25-30 grams of borax was weighed out using the electric analytical balance and added into the beaker of distilled water. To ensure that all of the borax was transferred from the weigh boat, it was washed with distilled water a few times and also added into the beaker. The beaker was place on to the hot plate and the stir bar was put inside the beaker. The thermometer was then place into the beaker close to its side; making sure it was not touching the bottom. The stirrer was turned on low and the borax was allowed to dissolve and reach saturation. After about five minutes, the stirrer was turned off to allow the solid to settle at the bottom of the beaker. The temperature of the borax solution was then recorded. A glass rod was used to carefully pour 5-7 mL of the solution from the beaker into a dry, clean 10mL graduated cylinder. The volume of the aliquot was recorded then poured into a 125 mL Erlenmeyer flask. To make sure all of the solution was successfully ...
This caused him to discover his third and finally law which is Newton’s Third Law of motion. Newton’s third law states that every action or force has an equal but opposite reaction. This means if an object crash into another object both objects will bound back off of one another. Sir Isaac Newton’s third law often is proven correct because when there is a car crash, it is proven that when the car crash into one another, the cars will bounce back off of each other. This shows that Newton’s study was accurate and it will always be used in science no matter how many years may
The primary goal of this experiment was to determine which types of glassware are the most accurate and precise in measuring substances. Another goal of this experiment was to help familiarize ourselves with the different types of glassware, and how we should handle the laboratory equipment. The accuracy and precision of a particular type of glassware is important because it allows for accurate measurements when performing different experiments. It also allows us to differentiate between glassware that is better for containing substances versus glassware that can deliver substances more accurately. In order to measure the accuracy and precision of the different types of glassware, we first chose seven different types of glassware. The general
Scientists ranging from James Clerk Maxwell and Max von Laue have been claimed to be true discovers of the Mass-Energy Equivalence, which has popularly been credited to Albert Einstein’s “Theory of special relativity” back in 1905. There has been many controversies, but in conclusion Einstein is the official claimer.(Ball, P. (n.d.). The equation proved that energy and matter are linked. This was only one of the major breakthroughs that Einstein made in 1905 and his best work was yet to come in later years.
The first experiments investigate the order of reaction with respect to the reactants; hydrogen peroxide, potassium iodide and sulphuric acid by varying the concentrations and plotting them against 1/time. An initial rate technique is used in this experiment so ‘the rate of reaction is inversely proportional to time.’ To find the order of reaction in respect to the reactants, 1/time is plotted against the concentration of Hydrogen Peroxide using the equation:
There are three laws of thermodynamics in which the changing system can be followed in order to return to equilibrium. In order for a system to gain energy, the surroundings have to supply it, and vice versa when the system loses energy, the surroundings must gain it. As the energy is transferred it can be converted from its original form to another as the transfer takes place, but the energy will never be created or destroyed. The first law of thermodynamics, also known as the law of conservation of energy, basically restates that energy can’t be destroyed or created “as follows: the total energy of the universe is a constant.” All around, the conservation of energy is applied.
NEWTON concluded that not only the earth, but every object in this universe attracts every other object present around it with a certain amount of force. To draw this conclusion this great physicist also gave many laws like “THE UNIVERSAL LAW OF GRAVITATION”.
Newton’s Second Law of Motion, the most powerful and or important of the three, states that F=ma, describes the relationship between the mass of the object and the force needed to accelerate the object (Newton’s Three Laws). Newton’s Third and Final Law of Motion states that “For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction,” (Newton’s Three Laws). These three laws were published in Newton’s book “Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica (Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy)” (Bio.com) in 1687. Newton’s Laws were built upon Galileo’s Laws of Motion, and they also expanded on ideas of other philosophers of this time period. Due to these laws being published a controversy developed between Newton and Robert Hooke in which Hooke accused Newton of plagiarism, but later the issue was resolved and the credit of the laws still rests in Newton’s name. With the development of these newfound laws, they have helped to explain nearly every motion within our universe, and have become known as the backbone for the 17th century Scientific
Sir Isaac Newton is the man well known for his discoveries around the term, Motion. He came up with three basic ideas, called Newton’s three laws of motion.
This definition of this law states that energy converts from one form to another and it cannot be created nor destroyed. Its attempt to explain the universe and energy narrows the boundaries of intricacy to present a sophisticated understanding. At times, people do not pay attention where energy comes from, but it appears in their surroundings and in what they partake in doing. While it is not tangible, it exists through vision such as fire, electricity, and even humans doing work, which ties to energy. One example is that “turning on a light [switch] would seem to produce energy; however, it is electrical energy that is converted” (“The Three Laws of Thermodynamics”). All objects that handles electricity follows this law of thermodynamics where energy is transferred to the light to produce the energy to allow the light to work. For change in energy, heat transfer along with the work output applies for greater energy. A relating scenario that intertwines with this is an example of how a hot object such as coffee can transfer its heat, which is also energy, to a person’s hand, and after it can disperse and decrease in temperature. Furthermore, ever since Carnot’s contribution to thermodynamics, scientists apply this knowledge for the energy around people. Through experiments, energy exists around the world and harnessing