Introduction
Decades of operating system development and a collection of systems and features from many other systems combined with many unique ideas and implementations resulted in the development of Apple, Inc.'s OS X family. It is necessary to examine the older systems of OS X as well the progress of the system to understand the different technologies and how they interact. To secure and troubleshoot problems it is of great importance to understand the how and often the why of OS X technology.
The open source core of the system is an operating system called Darwin. Darwin is a variant of BSD Unix running on the Mach 3 microkernel from Carnegie Mellon University and the Open Software Foundation (Singh, 2007). On top of Darwin, Apple uses both open source and proprietary code and builds a complex and sophisticated operating system that maintains the look and feel of classic Macintosh computers with little or no compatibility to historical (1980s) Macintosh underlying technology. In fact OS X is more compatible with its sibling UNIX systems and with Microsoft Windows than with past Apple computers. OS X is a UNIX 03 system as certified by the Open Group and listed on their register (The Open Group, 2014). OS X moves forward rapidly and sometime controversially, embracing new technologies, devices, and interfaces. For example:- Animations and graphics used in the system became more sophisticated, then requirements started to include hardware accelerated graphics capabilities. OS X has also switched architectures once in its brief history, from PowerPC to Intel, which was followed by moving to requiring 64-bit processors. At the same time iOS shares a lot of technology and code with OS X and runs on still an...
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The transition from ipfw to pf is nearly complete. pf has already been in use as early as 10.7 Lion. The manual page for ipfw is clearly marked as deprecated, instead recommending pfctl, and in 10.9 Mavericks only the deprecation warning remains. Upstream FreeBSD and OpenBSD resources document both systems well, but OS X has some unique configuration and few changes from upstream.
The upstream pf documentation from the OpenBSD project is extensive, detailed, and an excellent resource for the utilities and configuration language of the current version. Unfortunately, OS X uses an older version and there are some mismatches between OS X pf and the current version of pf on OpenBSD and other systems. A detailed explanation of the differences is available in an upgrade note for OpenBSD 4.7 where the change occurred upstream (OpenBSD, 2009).
The Operating System (OS) is the heart of computer server and client systems; therefore they are the pivotal components of the Information Technology (IT) architecture. The OS contains the crucial data, information, and applications, which are vulnerable, and can be infiltrated to cripple the entire IT architecture of the organization. Therefore, it becomes mandatory to properly safeguard the OS from an internal or external intrusion (Stallings & Brown, 2012). This critical thinking report will highlight the security concerns that may impact the OS. Further, the security guidelines and best practices for the OS in general, along with the specific fundamentals regarding the Windows and Linux OS are comprehensively illustrated.
It used to be that the choice between a Mac and a PC was pretty clear.
to Apple Inc. in 2007. The company which had pc driving its growth over the years transformed into more of a Smartphone company. Mac pc was impressive in terms of hardware but it was Windows operating system which gave it a tough competition. To achieve a sustainable growth Apple should be focused more towards development of its operating system. Android is the main competitor for iOS. Android which is Linux based and partly open source, is more PC like than IOS. Android is easily customizable as compared to apple IOS. Apple should work aggressively towards working of development of more number of apps with the developers across the industry so as to increase the reach of IOS and making it a more preferable choice among its
Nowadays, most of the web, email, database and fileservers are Linux servers. Linux is a UNIX system which implies that it has solid compatibility, stability and security features. Linux is used for the mentioned environments because these services require high security. Further, an increase of attacks on these servers can be observed. Additionally, the methods to prevent intrusions on Linux machines are insufficient. Further, the analysis of incidents on Linux systems are not considered appropriately (Choi, Savoldi, Gubian, Lee, & Lee, 2008). It can also be observed that a lot of investigators do not have experience with Linux forensics (Altheide, 2004).
Few people know but, more than half of americans own an Apple product. The huge tech company was founded on April 1, 1976 by Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak. The company was later incorporated on January 3, 1977. Apple is known as one of the most advanced technology companies in the United States. Apple is behind the largest technological revolution in history. Apple has set itself above all other technology companies. The company has a certain way of leaving customers on the edge of their seats waiting for the latest and greatest Apple product.
In 1998 Apple introduced the Mac OS X, which is the company’s first server software. The company also enhanced the iMacs with a colorful product line.
to reflect its shift to products that go beyond computers. With its string of successes and escalating stock price, its corporate image continues to rise. Next is positioning, Steve Jobs learned how to create effective branding platforms. Gone are the numbers and letters that caused confusion from the Apple II and III days. Instead there are the i-Platform products that are neatly designed in an attractive package to hook up with the Internet. They all begin with “i” and end with a single syllable word such as iPod, iPhone, iPad, iMac, iTunes, iBooks, and iCloud. For higher-end computers, Apple uses platform names such as the MacPro, MacBook, MacBook Air, and MacbookPro. For OSX operating systems, Apple has been using the names of ferocious cats. All products use what he call a combine strategy. They incorporate the Apple corporate brand and prominently display the Apple logo facing inward toward the user and outward to market them to the outside world. Each product has its own identity with little or no overlap between the models, thereby minimizing any cannibalization. Since products are unique to Apple, they give the company a huge positioning advantage. Besides that, products use the highest quality materials and industrial design with finishing details only found in finely crafted products even though they are mass-produced. The hardware and software
“Apple designs Macs, the best personal computers in the world, along with OS X, iLife, iWork and professional software. Apple leads the digital music revolution with its iPods and iTunes online store. Apple has reinvented the mobile phone with its revolutionary iPhone and App Store, and is defining the future of mobile media and computing devices with iPad.”
Apple would go on to sell 200 Apple I’s until they were replaced in 1977 with the Apple II which included a built in keyboard. Over 16 years Apple produced over 6 million Apple IIs. Apple would go on to manufacturer the Apple III, The Lisa, which had a graphical user interface, the Lisa 2, and the Macintosh. Fast forward to 2007 when Apple change the world by designing one of the first touch screen cell phones called the iPhone and a tablet called the iPad which had the power of a computer with a small enough to be held in someone’s hand. To date, Apple has revolutionize the industry by designing smaller computers, hand held devices and one of the best operating systems (Biography.com,
And these are how Apple implemented it in the following years. “‘That simplicity is the ultimate sophistication’.the really great person will keep on going and find.the key, underlying principle of the problem (Thomke, S. & Feinberg B., 2012).” A great leader should have his or her clear norms and disciplines, courage to try, and have perspectives and persistence. Apple utilized NeXT, its previous computer workstation in 1985 which targeted the education market, “as the basis of its following OS X computer operating system and the machine ended up being the development platform Sir Timothy Berners-Lee used to create the client for the World Wide Web (Thomke, S. & Feinberg B., 2012)”.
Because of the robust Linux programmer community, several “flavour’s” of Linux (known as “vendors”) are available, and each is specialized in a slightly different way. This robust operating system is being widely adopted by IT professionals in growing businesses because of its high quality, reliability, and price.
The computer evolution has been an amazing one. There have been astonishing achievements in the computer industry, which dates back almost 2000 years. The earliest existence of the computer dates back to the first century, but the electronic computer has only been around for over a half-century. Throughout the last 40 years computers have changed drastically. They have greatly impacted the American lifestyle. A computer can be found in nearly every business and one out of every two households (Hall, 156). Our Society relies critically on computers for almost all of their daily operations and processes. Only once in a lifetime will a new invention like the computer come about.
Thousands of years ago calculations were done using people’s fingers and pebbles that were found just lying around. Technology has transformed so much that today the most complicated computations are done within seconds. Human dependency on computers is increasing everyday. Just think how hard it would be to live a week without a computer. We owe the advancements of computers and other such electronic devices to the intelligence of men of the past.
Apple computer started out by making the world’s most user-friendly computer. While they were planning and designing, IBM didn’t think that they would be a risk, as business owners would never switch from the large mainframes to a smaller computer. They also thought that consumers would not be interested in a computer that would be used for “home use”. Apple was successful until Microsoft licensed their software with IBM and later many other companies. This gave them profit for every computer that was sold from all of the different manufacturers. Businesses adopted the DOS interface from Microsoft. Meanwhile Steve Jobs was fired from Apple for treating his employees poorly and not being stable, the company struggled for many years while Microsoft flourished. The world got used Microsoft’s interfaces and brought them into everyday applications. It was unheard of to use a Apple in a business environment.
The significance of the role of the Operation System (OS) in the overall Information Technology employment sector cannot be undervalued. Indeed, it is hard to talk about technical skill-sets or the practical application of such skill-sets without at least some underlying understanding of their context within a computer operating system environment. From hardware specifications and requirements, user technical support, system administration and security, to software development and system implementation, operating systems are an integral part of the information technology and computing world in all its aspects, and it is difficult to form a concrete demarcation between specialized careers in this industry and the concept of the computer operating system.