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Contribution of behaviorism to education
Contribution of behaviorism to education
Contribution of behaviourism to education
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Reflection 2
In a behavioristic learning environment, it would be accurate to believe one’s students will learn through the environment around them. Some examples include: the things that they hear, the things that they see, the things that they do, as well as the feelings associated with those. In a behavioristic environment learning is conducted through the use of a system of rewards and punishments. If a student is rewarded for an appropriate behavior they will continue to do that behavior, and on the other side, if a student is punished for an inappropriate behavior they will cease
One example of a way to support student’s active thinking and learning within a behavioristic learning environment would be to give the students a sheet asking
Behaviourism is a theory of learning which suggests that all behaviours are obtained as a result of conditioning...
Behaviourism theory focuses on the behaviour that is observable. For behaviourism theory there is no need for internal mental processing, Acquisition of new behaviour through conditioning that occurs through interaction with the environment. For an example when the teacher ask a question the classroom to check whether the learners understand majority of learners in the classroom will raise their hands and that shows the do understand the so teacher can move to another chapter. The teaching methods that can be used for behaviourism theory are rote learning, lecturing and Drill and practice. Curriculum in behaviourism theory must organize objectives and clear outcomes. The view of learning for learners must be passive.
I believe every student is entitled to a safe learning environment where they can reach their full potential academically and behaviorally. Students will reach their full potential in a positive learning environment. The positive learning environment will be established from the beginning of the year providing a lasting impact on the students academic, and behavior performance throughout the entire year. The positive learning environment will be a classroom setting, which allows students to feel welcomed, safe, and important on daily basis allowing learning to occur to its fullest potential. To ensure my students are in a positive learning environment there must be a behavior management plan clearly explaining the expectations I have for my students. Throughout my behavior management plan I will explain how I plan to implement expectations so students act accordingly. My behavior management plan will be individually tailored to my students allowing me to push them to their fullest potential to by taking into consideration each student’s behavior and personal needs.
Reece & Walker states the behaviourism is teacher centred and relies upon the expectation of the provision of a stimulus to produce a response however, ‘students are often seen as passive’. Therefore, without a stimulus there would be no response and is only visible externally. The teacher provides the stimulus for a response to occur, resulting in a change of behaviour that can be measured.
Learning is referred as moderately continuous alteration in behaviour which is the outcome of experience. Learning became a key center of study in psychology throughout the beginning of the twentieth century ever since behaviourism developed as a huge school of thought (cited in Schaffer, 1996). Learning therefore is a significantly crucial notion in areas of psychology such as: cognitive development, developmental psychology, educational development and social development.
... behaviors. It is important not focus on the past so I will encourage the student to bring their homework with them in the future. I will instead focus on the positive goals that I have set with the student. This will encourage future positive behavior.
The idea of behaviorism is that behavior, all behaviour, is learned from the environment. It is mainly focused on observable behaviour. Behaviourism believes that everyone is born with a blank slate (the term used is Tabula Rosa) and that psychological disorders are the result of maladaptive learning.
Behaviourism is where a person learns through responding to stimuli so as to optimise their own situation. This means that humans have a need to learn so by adapting to a changing environment around to be able to survive. For instance a learner who has some sensory impairment will adapt their own learning styles to accommodate for this barrier by adapting method and using experience they are able to achieve the same learning outcomes as other learners.
Chapter nine is mainly about behaviorism. Behaviorism is the theoretical perspective in which learning and behavior are described and explained in terms of stimulus- response relationship. There are two things that could be observed and objectively measured, these two things are environmental stimulus and learner’s behaviors or response. Stimulus is a specific object or event that influences an individual’s learning or behavior. A response is a specific behavior that an individual exhibits. Behaviorist believe that people are born with a blank slate with no inherited tendency to behave on way or another. Over the years the environment slowly molds or conditions the slate so that it is no longer blank. Conditioning is the commonly used term by behaviorist for learning that typically involves specific environmental events leading to the acquisition of specific responses (Ellis, 2013, pg.265).
According to the question that I am doing, in this assignment I am going to explain what I understand and find out about learning or can be label as behaviorism. What is learning? In psychology the term learning refers to permanent change in behavior through experience (Lahey, 2012, p. 194). My assignment will be the course of explaining the concept or the perception of learning in the stance of behaviorists Ivan Pavlov, John. B Watson, Edward Thorndike, B. F Skinner and Albert Bandura. Through my research of six journals I would use these journals to critically analyze the perception of the behaviorists that I had mentioned. I will attempt to combine the theories of these researchers from the six journals that I had examined.
These principles are presumed to function in the same way throughout a person’s life. Based on these general principles, learning can develop without a change in behavior. In other words, behaviorists assert that learning has to be represented by a permanent change in behavior; mean while social learning theorists begs to differ because they believed that because people can learn through observation alone, their learning may not necessarily reflect on their performance (Bandura, 1965). Thus, learning may actually not result in a change in
Behaviorism is a teaching theory which emphasized mostly on stimulus, response and reinforcement. Behaviorism also focuses on the behaviours or the habit that are assumed to be the results of learning, in which it is considered to be shown after the learning takes place. As this theory operates on the principle of ‘stimulus-responses’, it is likely to takes place when both elements occur at about the same time. Stimulus refers to all the sights, sounds, smells and other influences which are receive from the surrounding or environment, while the responses are consists of all the behaviours that results from the association. Since the stimulus is receive from the surrounding, this implied that the stimulus is given by the teacher during the process of teaching and learning. After the stimulus has been given, the responses which are given by the students will appear naturally as this will shows that learning has taken place. All the behaviours that are shown by the students are associated with the stimulus that they receive from their teachers. According to Alberto &Troutman (1999), there are three types of stimuli, namely, eliciting stimuli, consequences, and antecedents (as cited in Fetsco & McClure, 2005). All these stimuli had been identified based on their effects to the responses of the learner’s and it normally happened during the teaching and learning process where the students possessed different behaviours and responses to their teachers.
The main instance that I use behaviorism in my classroom is through positive reinforcement. I praise, praise, praise my students all day. Students who are such young learners receive much motivation when they hear praise and specific praise at that. It allows them to be eager to please their teacher and provides a sense of self-accomplishment. In my classroom, I also use a treasure chest, reward coupons and PBIS reward money as major components of positive reinforcement. At the beginning of the year, I teach my students my classroom expectations and that I expect the best from them. This includes all of their daily work, including journal writing, morning work, etc. My students know what my desired outcome is. Student’s behavioral efforts are measured and collected on a weekly basis through a behavior chart. Their assignments are measured on accuracy and completeness in order to help them recognize the importance of their effort in finishing an assignment. I utilize a rubric on many of my assignments in order to help them achieve their best. Their meeting certain standards on their weekly behavior chart allows them to receive
Classroom management and challenging behaviors are the biggest concerns most teachers have today. The three behavioral theories describe above, I believe has had the biggest impact on how teachers try to change and deal with challenging behaviors today. The Psychodynamic, Behavioral, and Social Learning Models are based on that behaviors are learned, have a cause, or a reason. However, all three behavioral models fail to take into account how other factors can affect behavioral development such as disabilities, genetics, or economics. The biggest difference in all three of the behavioral models in how changes in behavior occurs. The Psychodynamic Model describes how in order to change current behaviors, a person must deal with and heal from
Even thought, behaviorism is my type of teaching I figure out that only one of the theories goes with my teaching philosophy. “Sara’s reading problems would investigate the use of reinforces and punishments in the learning situation” (Tracey, 2012). According to an article this is what B.F Skinner believed and researched about, which is called Operant Conditioning Theory. Skinner created this theory because according to his research the use of reinforcement and punishment affected the change in behavior. (Tracey, 2012) Using my experience, I can totally agree with Skinner when including rewards and punishment in my teaching the behavior of the student