Contribution of School of Alexandria:
Alexandria is one of the greatest cities in Egypt. The Hebrew bible was translated into Greek Septuagint here.
The Pantaenus was the first teacher of this school. Clement of Alexandria (A.D. 155-215) and Origen (A.D. 185-254) was the outstanding member of this school. In Alexandria, there was a group of scholars trying to make the Christian faith meaningful in the intellectual setting of Alexandria, where the Scriptures were attacked as immoral, trivial, and silly by such men as Celsus, Porphyry and others.
This place was considered highly influenced to the Christian preaching. The sermon document of Clement of Alexandria is the earliest one in the third century A.D. The form of sermon is verse by verse
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185 -254) contributed a lot to the development of preaching. Origen was ordained in A.D. 230. He made a history of this time. Biblical teachings, ministerial studies, and the homiletics were reached its peaks in this time. Many scholars got ideas from his wisdom of knowledge. He was a chief catechist of Alexandria at his seventeen. He was a theological professor. He taught as a private instructor there. During his ministerial time, he preached every day. He taught preachers as well as teachers of preachers. Origen made that the Alexandria school became the chief place in Christian education for the next generation to come.
Origen practiced the allegorizing methods in biblical interpretation. He was the father of this method. Philo was his master in this practice, who was an Alexandrian Jew contemporary to Jesus Christ. Allegorizing method was a fashion of Alexandria. Origen used this method in New Testament. He was the first Bible scholar, who analysed the Scriptures on three levels, the literal, the moral, and the allegorical. He thought that all scripture passage cannot be read in literal sense. So, he tried to follow this
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He had paid much attention to the task of interpretation. He equipped a formal structure for sermon. He emphasized the spiritual life of a preacher. He gave much important to the personal characters of the preacher. Everyday morning service, a small homily delivered after the reading of the lectionary. The sermon had been concentrated on the lectionary portion of the scripture. Origen used to preach a extemporary preaching method. He had prepared a thorough exegetical work on the prescribed texts. He divided the text according to the pericope. Then, he explaining the text literally, and applying it with the congregation lives situations. He thought the application is that the moral and mystical. In the sense of moral is, the meaning of the passage for the soul, and the mystical is what the passage meant on the regard to Christ and the church. His mystical sense method is liked by all New Testament scholars to discover the prophecy about Christ in the Hebrew
was a preacher - known for his sermons like: Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God (God’s really mad and you’ll burn in hell forever)
His professional life began with the ministry. In 1915, the mission board of his denomination sent him to Detroit as pastor where he served for thirteen years. The congregation numbered sixty-five when he arrived and grew to nearly seven hundred when he left. His witness of working class life in his ministry with American automobile industry laborers in Detroit gave him a critical view of capitalism and made him an advocator of socialism concerning social and economic reality.
preached against abuses in the church and attempted to shift the focus of religious faith
...vice. He read out several of the commandments and spoke on the prescribed words from God and why we are to follow them. The service finished and gave announcements about future celebrations coming up such as Purim.
His method of preaching was very forceful and somewhat intimidating. He taught about his personal religion and tried to make his students accept it by force (Boston).... ... middle of paper ... ...
Charles Spurgeon was a great preacher during the time of 1832-1892. Spurgeon was thought to be so great a man that he was given the title “Prince of Preachers.” He was given such a great title because he had a way with words; he knew how to capture the audience’s emotions and imagination. Spurgeon was also known as a true man of God “Gods Messenger.”
In this quote Orual states what she is writing about from here on out. This allow the audience to already have the mind to judge her side of the story; whether or not she is the right one or the gods are the right ones. Her anger toward the gods prompted her to write this because she feels as if she has been treated wrongly by the gods. She is so sure that she is right that she challenges all that read to give judgement.
However, I was most fascinated by his use of literary context, and I feel like this is where I gained the most knowledge from his exegesis. I had previously known nearly nothing about types of biblical literature, and was quite intruiged not only by the apocalyptic genre as a whole, but also how biblical literature applied to the literary styles of the
Origen developed Irenaeus’ ideas, considering questions such as who the ransom was to be paid to. It could not be God who was holding humanity ransom, and thus it had to be Satan (McGrath, A. 2016, p.225), who had gained rights over humanity through Adam and the Fall. Humanity needed to be consigned back to God. Christ was without sin, but appeared as human, which disguised his divinity. When Satan overstepped his rights, by mistakenly assuming he owned Christ and let Him die, he forfeited any rights he had over humanity.
Writers Between Origen and Arius The distinction between Tritheism and Monarchianism was becoming sharper. Because their mode of defending the unity of God, Monarchians were often accused of Patripassianism and “the denial of the divinity of Christ, by maintaining that the Logos as a separate subsistence formed no part of his nature” (p. 253). During this era, Tritheism, was becoming the orthodoxy while Monarchianism in the form of Sabellianism was becoming its chief opponent. However, in attacking the Monarchians, some opponents, such as Dionysius of Alexandra and Methodius of Olympus, laid the foundation of Arianism.
The Bible student, laymen, or pastor will find the principles presented by Fee and Stuart helpful despite the weaknesses presented. The author’s contribution on how to interpret each of the different genres is especially beneficial. The Bible Student will have more knowledge of how to interpret God’s Word when finished with the work. Fee and Stuart achieve their goal helping the reader not only with interpretation, but with application.
He left his solitary life to instruct his disciples and to commit to writing his instruction on spiritual life and spiritual
Cicero’s works influenced St. Augustine in the Middle Ages. Before converting to Christianity, Augustine taught rhetoric. Augustine revived interest in rhetoric--an important contribution, after the early Christians foreswore it as a pagan art. He embodied rhetorical concepts in his writings and teachings and argued that preachers needed to be able to teach, delight, and move--the same notions held by Cicero. Augustine said paying attention to the rules of effective expression was necessary to accomplish the aims of Christianity. And such rules were to be used only in service of the truth and so revitalized the philosophic basis of rhetoric (Bizzell and Herzberg 382-383).
Only after years of personal struggle did Augustine arrive at his own religious revelation. This ultimately made his conversion much more profound. To fully and eloquently express himself and his thoughts was essential to his writings. Clearly, he used his knowledge of rhetoric and the arts to express his views more effectively. His prose is both immaculate and powerful. The result was a masterpiece that greatly affected the growth of early Christianity.
Thus, an effort is made to highlight how Bible interpretation – through its publication – has developed in the history of Christianity.