Purpose: The overall purpose of this lab was to demonstrate how the salt concentration in water affects the germination of seeds and how it affects the seeds while they attempt to grow and sprout into grass. Hypothesis: If different amounts of salt water is added to 6 seeds, then the container of dirt with the water with the lowest concentration of salt will have the most seeds germinated and the tallest blades of grass. Variables and Controls: IV: Salt concentration of the solution DV1= Number of seeds germinated DV2= Height of the grass Control= The container with just water and no additional salt Constants= Type of seeds, type of water, type of dirt, types of salt, amount of solution added, the balance, and beakers Materials: Grass seeds Paper towels Salts Water Equipment: Ruler Balances Tweezers Petri dishes Graduated Cylinders Test tubes Procedure: In 100 mL of water, put 3.5 grams of NaCl In a separate test tube, put 9 mL of the solution and 1 mL of water In another test tube, place 8 …show more content…
The number of seeds germinated/the height of the grass (cm) are and were affected by the salinity of the solution. After the totality of the data was recorded, it was found that the bigger the amount of salt added to the solution the slower the seeds grew. My hypothesis, if different amounts of salt water is added to 6 seeds then the container of dirt with the water with the lowest concentration of salt will have the most seeds germinated and the tallest blades of grass, was completely supported by the data we recorded. The data supported my hypothesis because it shows that the control container (no salt), germinated 12 seeds and grew to an outstanding 9 cm while the the most salt- heavy soil container, 90% salt, had zero germinated seeds and no grass grew at all. Our data and experiment clearly portrays that high concentrations of salt in water leads to ineffective seed
The fast plant seeds were planted in a terrarium and a variable was added to see what happened when the variable was added to compare the regular growth of plants without and with the variable. There was a land part of the terrarium where the fast plant seeds were planted and a bottom part where there was water which was to water the plants through a rope. The plants without the variable grew pretty quickly and almost always grew up. The one time their average dropped was because one of the plants’ necks got snapped which dropped the plant from 13.5cm to 10 cm causing the average to drop from 11.3cm to 10.5cm. The fast plants grew pretty steadily and the final average height was 19.5 cm. The variable that got put into the
Hypothesis 2: If different de icing techniques are used, then sodium chloride will have a larger negative impact on the growth of Tall Fescue grass because salt dehydrates plants.
The hypothesis that a neutral environment would cause more seeds to germinate than acidic and basic environments was supported. Some possible errors in the experiment were that the papers were not dampened again and the temperature on the windowsill may have been too cool. To extend the experiment, multiple trials can be conducted and warm environments versus cooler environments could be
The overarch purpose of this lab was to see if the amount of salt concentration impacted whether a potato stick grew, shrunk, or stayed the same in size/mass. Our hypothesis was, if potato slices are added to 0%, 1%, and 2% salt solutions, then the solution is hypotonic and will have a positive net gain. And, if the potato is add to the 3% solution, then the solution will be isotonic and the weight will stay the same. However, after testing the data and gathering helpful information, the hypothesis does not support the results of the lab. The potato in the 0% solution originally weighed (potato 1) 2.2 grams and (Potato 2) 1.9 grams.
However, after calculating the class average rates for each trial and plotting it on a line graph, it was interesting to see a similar trend in all trials of the experiment. As seen on the time line graph titled Average growth rate of seeds vs time, Each trial decreased in growth rate each day. In the control trial the growth rate started at 5.4 mm/day on day 1, it then it substantially decreased by .6 mm/day on day 2 to 4.3 mm/day. On day 3 it slightly decreased to 3.933 mm/day, then it slightly decreased again to 3.9 mm/day on day 4, and 3.84 mm/day on the final day, day 5. The graph showed the trend of how as experiment time increased the growth rate of the seeds also decreased.
The Effect of Sucrose Concentrations (0.00 to 0.73 mol/L) on the Germination Rates of Raphanus sativus seeds. Introduction: Research Question: What impact does different sucrose concentrations (0.00 to 0.73 mol/L) have on germination and subsequent growth of Raphanus sativus seeds? Background information: Germination experiments are typically completed in many high school science classes; such as in the prerequisite to IB biology, where students analyze the effect of salinity or radiation on germination rates. Many scholarly publications have been published testing the effect of salts on plant germination, yet there are very few that have been produced on the effect of sucrose.
When reproducing this experiment several changes should be made. One change could be applying the salt to full grown plants to more accurately simulate a real life
In my hypothesis I previously believed that the lower the lower the pH level the more seeds would germinate, due to the extra hydroxide. But more seeds actually germinated in the pHs closer to neutral. Some problems in the experiment was the towel drying out and the seeds no longer absorbing the pH, rewetting the towels with the solution could prevent this. Some experimenter errors that occurred is the seeds falling out of the towel which resulted in seeds germinating or not germinating. Also, air getting into the bags and drying out the towel faster could have been prevented by making sure the bag was closed. Lastly, the seeds did not get put in the bag exactly like the previous time which could have affected the germination. To improve this lab, measuring out the same amount of solution for each pH could have made it more accurate. To further this experiment we could have had another set of seeds in the same pH solutions but in the sun to see
The overarching purpose for this experiment is to determine if the amount of light shining on a radish seed impacts it in positive or negative ways. Our hypothesis was, if we expose more light on the radish seeds over the course of three days, then it will germinate at a faster rate. After collecting two sets of data over the course of two weeks and closely observing the radish seed for 3 days, the hypothesis was not supported by the data. Even though during the first week of tests done on the radish seeds showed that the amount of light doesn’t really impact the radish seeds because there was 100% germination in all three levels of light after three days. Nonetheless, after performing the experiment a second time, it was evident that the radish seeds need a balance between light and no light, which was supported by the data in the second experiment.
The Effect of Different pH Levels on the Growth of Sunflower Seeds Purpose: The purpose of this experiment is to see how germination is affected by differing pH levels in water. Background Information: In order to germinate and grow, seeds require oxygen, water, and the correct temperature. Once seedlings appear, they will also require light and carbon dioxide.
This experiment was used to see the effect of salt water on the algae in the freshwater tables. The effect of salt water on algae will make the algae decrease in number. The algae were used as an indicator organism to give an idea of pollution concentrations. (Colgan, 33) Salt water can cause many problems if the salt water should enter the freshwater ways. This salt water can contaminate the aquifers and drinking waters of the world. This idea is backed up in Spatafora’s saltwater intrusion paper “When this occurs, it will move the saltwater freshwater interface inland, resulting in a higher saline concentration in the aquifers' water, rendering it useless for human consumption, unless it is treated.”(Spatafora, 2008) Not only can the saltwater effect the drinking water this water can also not be used for irrigation as seen in F. Lugoli’s article about the contamination of southeastern Salento’s groundwater “The results indicated widespread pollution from salt and microbial contamination. Contamination from faecal microorganisms posed a significant risk of human infection in 100% of samples. Furthermore, the water was unsuitable even for irrigation in a high percentage of cases (31.8%), which is of considerable significance given that agriculture is one of the most important economic activities in the area under study.”(Lugoli, 2010) The salt water can also kill the plants, algae, and ultimately the animals that use that water for water and food. The rising amounts of saltwater can cause plants to die as seen in Winn’s Saltwater Intrusion and Morphological Change at the Mouth of the East Alligator River, Northern Territory article “Significant morphological change has occurred since 1950, with the tidal creek extending 4 km inlan...
My hypothesis was supported because each experiment did what I thought it would. The salt sank when it was inside of the hot and cold water. When salt was placed inside of the hot and cold water, it sank because of it weighing more than the cold and hot water. We can look at it in this way, salt water weighs more than fresh water. The weight of a cubic foot of salt water is 64.1 lbs. On the other hand, a cubic foot of fresh water only weighs 62.4 lbs. The numbers are different because the salt water has a higher density compared to fresh water. When salt is added to water then the molecules in water are different because they are really together and tight around the salt molecules. Adding salt also increases the volume of water by less than
All plants are subjected to a multitude of stresses throughout their life cycle. Depending on the species of plant and the source of the stress, the plant will respond in different ways. When a certain tolerance level is reached, the plant will eventually die. When the plants in question are crop plants, then a problem arises. The two major environmental factors that currently reduce plant productivity are drought and salinity (Serrano, 1999), and these stresses cause similar reactions in plants due to water stress. These environmental concerns affect plants more than is commonly thought. For example, disease and insect loss typically decrease crop yields by less than ten percent, but severe environmental problems can be responsible for up to sixty-five percent reduction in yield (Serrano, 1999). There are global constraints on fresh water supplies, and this has led to a surge of interest in reusing water (Shannon and Grieve, 1999). However, in many cases the value of water has decreased because the water is salty. Salt stress can be a major challenge to plants. It limits agriculture all over the world, particularly on irrigated farmlands (Rausch, 1996). To farmers, salt tolerance is important in vegetables because of the cash value of crops (Shannon and Grieve, 1999). As more land becomes salinized by poor irrigation practices, the impact of salinity is becoming more important (Winicov, 1998). This is creating the need for salt tolerant plants. Salinity resistance is a quantitative trait, and it has been resistant to plant breeding (Winicov, 1998).
Validity: The experiment was valid since it tested the aim which was to demonstrate the effect of the environment on phenotype utilising radish seeds and comparing their height in different environmental conditions. The aim was tested as the amount of light was changed, three were put in the shade and the other three in direct sunlight and their heights were recorded. Further, the experiment was valid as it tested the hypothesis which was: radish seeds placed in the shade will be taller than the radish seeds placed in direct sunlight, it was looking at the height of the plants in the shade and the height of the plants in direct sunlight, however, it was proven to be wrong since at the end of the experiment the plants in shade were shorter than the ones in direct sunlight. Also, the variables were controlled such as
Sesame is grown from 300-1700 m.a.s.l, nevertheless, it grows and yields well in altitudes ranging from 650 to 1250 m.a.s.l, for optimum growth, sesame requires frost free and warm areas, with uniformly distributed rainfall of about 300 to 800 mm per season is necessary for reasonable yields. However, optimum yields are obtained in areas with 500- 650 mm rainfall per annum well distributed over the 3-4 months growing period. Sesame needs water during the seedling, flowering, and grain filling stages Temperature of 25- 37oC encourages rapid germination, initial growth, and flower formation. Temperature below 20 oC for any length of time inhibits germination or delay, and a temperature of less than 18 oC after emergence will severely retard growth of seedlings (Ge...