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monopolistic competition retail industry
Changes in people's way of shopping
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Retailing in the U.K
The retail industry in the UK is a highly competitive arena, in which
price rollbacks, promotions and heavy discounts are the tools in the
battle for share in an increasingly consolidated market. Over the
review period, the increased concentration of the retail market in the
hands of a smaller number of operators allowed superior economies of
scale, which in turn created lower and more affordable prices. Far
wider consumer choice was also made possible as retail outlet sizes
grew.
Consumer confidence has been maintained even though problems such as
those of 11 September 2001, a serious foot and mouth outbreak in
British farming in 2001, and a wider global economic downturn. We are
still a nation of shopkeepers, and shoppers: employment in retailing
has increased, and there are signs that consumers are becoming
cannier, more selective and more demanding, in terms of price. Also,
greater affluence has brought with it a taste for the good life:
higher quality food products, more expensive personal and electrical
goods with which to indulge our leisure time, and also a desire to cut
corners and choose simplicity and convenience, both in food buying,
and sectors such as DIY and even clothing, where high style and
seasonal fashion changes have given way to functionality and ease of
wear. This reflects the changing lifestyles of women, which influenced
many of the retail trends between 1999 and 2003. More women working,
both full-time and part-time, greater affluence among parents, less
time to be at home and cook, sew and clean, and ultimately less time
to shop, has had a huge impact on the high street, as one-s...
... middle of paper ...
...e end of this period.
The leading revenue source for the UK menswear market in 2004 was the
trousers sector, which accounted for 46.5% of the market’s value. In
value terms this sector was worth $6 billion in 2004. The shirts
sector generated the second largest revenues
in 2004, reaching a value of $4.2 billion, equivalent to 32.4% of the
market’s value.
Going forward, the market is expected to continue expanding at similar
growth rates.
By 2009, the market is forecast to reach a value of $15.3 billion,
which equates to a
CAGR of 3.5% in the 2004-2009 periods, higher than the European
market. The
European figure will be bolstered by the likes of Russia and Poland
(expected to grow with CAGRs of 8.5% and 8.1%) but hindered by many of
the UK’s western Counterparts, recovering from recent declines.
In his book A Shopkeepers Millenium, Paul E. Johnson tells of a settlement in early 1800s Western New York called Rochester, an inland, water-powered town which thrived by dint of mercantilism, trade, and supplying manufacturing goods for nearby towns and travelers passing through. Rochester’s mills made it famous, and commerce thrived in Rochester because it had goods that were in high demand. Rochester’s settlers were wealthy men, and maintained this by carefully courting wealthy women or having their family members marry into wealth. In the late 1820’s, Rochester succumbed to public drunkenness, debauchery, and an uncontrolled lower class. Johnson argues that the evangelical revival during the winter of 1931 was a reaction to dissolution
Shopping is not simply a chore; it is also an experience. Shopping for clothing is a particularly personal decision, and various motivating factors can cause one shopper to choose a particular store over another store. Some consumers go to the store to confirm that they belong to a certain social stratum, others because they enjoy the thrill of a bargain. According to Daniel Miller in ‘Making Love in Super Markets’, the behavior of consumers in supermarkets tends to fall into two categories: ‘treat’ shoppers and ‘thrift’ shoppers.
The open shop movement was an attempt on the part of corporations, trade associations, chambers of commerce, and their political supporters to weaken the organized labor movement by requiring employees to work in an open or nonunion workplace. Gains in labor union membership in the early 20th century prompted sharp responses from employers and businessmen, and antiunion organizations such as the National Association of Manufacturers (NAM) and the American Anti-Boycott Association organized campaigns at both the local and national level aimed against strikes, boycotts, and political action among workers. Although the majority of employers had long opposed labor unions and resisted the closed or union shop (whereby workers were required to join the union as a condition of their employment), the open shop movement began in earnest in response to the wave of labor unrest that followed World War I.
Among the many failed retail stores that closed shop in high street is Comet, an electronics retail chain in the United Kingdom. Comet was founded in the year 1933 and was publicly listed in 1972. It was later purchased by Woolworths, itself owned by Kingfisher. In the year 2003, it was later operated under Kesa Electricals, which would later sell it to OpCapita, a private equity firm, in the year 2011. The company was put under administration in the year 2012 due to the challenges being experienced in high street as well as the impacts of the economic recession at the time.
Industry Overview Some 400,000 specialty retail stores operate in the US with combined annual sales of $350 billion. CAGR 2002-06: 5%. Market is dominated by large players like Best Buy, Toys “R” Us, Gap, Sports Authority, etc. The market size of some major product categories.
In recent years there has been major growth in the wider business world surrounding the overall influence that the retailing industry holds and because of which, retailing and the issues that surround it have become a vital influence in today’s global economy. (Fisher & Raman, 2001)
In times of overconsumption shopping is considered today to be a stressful, exhausting and time consuming situation to the postmodern consumer. In order to bring back the interest of the postmodern consumer to visit the store, retail has surrender to Internet by providing all the necessary information on the new trends in social platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and main Websites that gives us the opportunity to participate in the new means of consumption by giving us voice as society became dominated by the power of digital information, also allowing us to shop online. The disadvantage of a postmodern society to brands and capitalists is that consumers can now dictate their own methods of consumption therefore opting to avoid a physical shop visit and instead it can be possible to do it at their homes. By understanding the story of branding spaces and its cultural impact I intend to share my ideas on the current social and political situation of retail by using local examples such as the extravagant yet powerful Selfridges flagship store in London by describing their methodologies used for a effective costumer experience in comparison to its competitors, their ethos towards the environment and how it relevant it became for the British economy. In this essay I will also share my opinion (as a costumer) on what could be done for an improvement within brands and how does it affects society moralities and the cultural impact.It can be understood by statement above the importance of an environment that stores should provide to its costumers. Without any excitement factors within the space there will not be any other reason for costumers to spend their money in stores. As well as product quality and set prices, the more ex...
4.1 Town Centres/High Street – Much has been said in regards to the current state of town centres and high streets in the UK. It has been stated that there has been a year on year decline of 10% in terms of shoppers frequenting the high streets. (Wilmot, S. 2013) Though it may be true that a decline in the high street exists, in terms of location, town centres and high street still hold positive attributes including:
Therefore, all other avenues to more adequately meet consumer expectations and demands would need to be explored. In this scenario, first, advertising efforts would need to be evaluated to determine if they adequately met the needs of the United Kingdom’s culture and Nordstrom’s target market. Then, inventory would need to be examined to determine if what was bought, met consumer expectations, and largely, if any fashion trends were missed (“Top Issues in Retail in 2017,” n.d.). Secondly, logistics of having the right product at the right time would need to be examined. This information can be gathered by utilizing available data, including consumer feedback. Furthermore, an analysis of the offered value added services would need to be conducted to determine if they met cultural expectations, and if they did not, determine how to enhance or eliminate them. Specifically, these services include Nordstrom’s return policy, price matching, and overall, customer service staffing. Lastly, fixed costs would need to be examined to determine if overhead could be reduced in any way, specifically from the line item of Selling, General, and Administrative (SG&A). This should be
Before I came to the UK, I had never heard of Primark before. Some students from last year recommended me to buy socks, stockings and accessories there and they used “cost-effective” to describe it, but this “word-of-mouth” still not persuasive enough to motivate me to take action. The first time I went to Primark was last year at the end of September while I traveled in London. I passed by the Primark flagship store on Oxford Street, I was extremely surprised at the crowd in front of the outlet because almost everyone bought loads of things and carried several bags. I was curious what kind of brand it is and how can it make customers become so enthusiastic about its products? So I decided to find the answer by myself. When I entered the store, I was even more astonished that the products range was wider than I expected, from clothing, shoes, food to electronic items. However, I examined those clothes carefully by touching and looking at the component labels, and found that neither of the design and quality is decent. From my point of view, the design was acceptable but not distinctive enough. Moreover, based on our Marketing and Society course, the reason why Primark can offer products at such competitive price is it employs child labour and ignores the responsible supply chain management. Nevertheless, I observed that customers seemed not care about these issues and kept taking items into their shopping bags. For me, I will feel uncomfortable to buy something that exploits the employees’ basic welfare even it is very cheap. Therefore, I cannot fathom what is so great about the brand that the outlets were often packed with natives and non-natives and they always put loads of stuff in shopping baskets without consideration. I alwa...
For the younger / middle age generation who are looking for inexpensive clothing they are more likely to go to Primark or low-cost grocery stores which also offer clothing such as Tesco. For a similar target aud...
Even the slowdown in current global economies could not bring retail sector down as retailers keep seeking for opportunities overseas to avoid challenging economic condition, which make this sector becoming more globalised and competitive. As an heir of an industrial components retailer, I also believe there are bountiful opportunities to grow in this emerging industry. But without deeply and truly understanding in every aspect of retailing, one could not survive in the battle. For this reason, I would like to pursue my education further by studying Master in retail management to obtain knowledge in retailing and hopefully become successful in the field.
The government forecasts that by 2019, the GDP will rise of 0.2%. The consumer’s behaviour towards this economic recession will change and therefore affect the retail industry. Harrods will need to spend more money and investment in order to float or maintain business sustai...
show the amount of vacancies in a job centres, if they can see if they
Retail Merchandising Retail merchandising is a management system of strategic planning and tactical control, directed toward the financial enhancement of an inventory and the profitable distribution of that inventory to the retail consumer. Merchandising enables retailers to make the best use of space and layout. It creates part of the communication process with consumers and focuses on layout, design, traffic flow and display advantage points. It links in with the overall development of a company’s corporate image and strategies, and fits with the organisation’s objectives to enhance and promote image. The primary goal of retail merchandising is to influence the potential customers to purchase a particular merchandise product at a particular retail store.