The National Health Insurance (NHI) was proposed by the African National Congress (ANC) in 2007 but until now, proposals such as these have not been taken seriously as South Africa has tried to achieve a health system that provides health care accessible to all. The core intention of this reform of the NHI is to raise up to 5% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in additional taxes to achieve a total public spend equivalent to 8% of GDP. The ANC have procured 4 documents to date regarding the NHI and some proposals contain important financial and related efficiency implications which are not clear. The NHI has put forth many recommendations which will be discussed further. The NHI wants to establish an ‘NHI Fund’ which will collect revenue, pool the revenue and purchase all health services in South Africa. This fund will be managed by a Chief Executive Officer that will be appointed by the Minister of Health “similar to the way the SARS (South African Revenue Service) Head reports to the Minister of Finance”4. The NHI Fund wants to operate as a separate body from the civil service of South Africa as this is practiced internationally and international experience has shown the benefits of this. The NHI proposes that the National Department of Health control and “remain a major provider of services through its national, provincial and district level structures and facilities”. The NHI wants all purchases of the existing public health care system to be done by the NHI. They also want a district team be made to provide population health services. They propose that there should be 1 team of every 10000 people. This means that there will be 5000 teams, 5000 doctors/clinical associates and nurses, and 15000 to 20000 community health w... ... middle of paper ... ...Class and NHI The NHI plans to span the gap between the poor and the rich and therefore combat inequalities between social classes in society. It aims to provide health care on a level that is equal and fair for all South African citizens and legal residents. The objective is to offset the huge gap that is currently prevalent in South Africa that sees that people in class 1 of society have good health and a relatively high expectancy, while people in lower social classes Gender and NHI 1st for women.. etc. more affordable for men……. Race and NHI Bio medical approach and NHI The NHI Incorporates not only the biomed approach but also rthe pse model. It seeks to provide holistic medical care to partients that not only focuses on treatment of the specific ailment, but also on social, environmental and subsequent factors. Psycho-socio environmental approach and NHI
The health care organization with which I am familiar and involved is Kaiser Permanente where I work as an Emergency Room Registered Nurse and later promoted to management. Kaiser Permanente was founded in 1945, is the nation’s largest not-for-profit health plan, serving 9.1 million members, with headquarters in Oakland, California. At Kaiser Permanente, physicians are responsible for medical decisions, continuously developing and refining medical practices to ensure that care is delivered in the most effective manner possible. Kaiser Permanente combines a nonprofit insurance plan with its own hospitals and clinics, is the kind of holistic health system that President Obama’s health care law encourages. It still operates in a half-dozen states from Maryland to Hawaii and is looking to expand...
Some issues hinder on each other and shall be resolved prior to creating better outcomes for other issues. Health care is a revolving door and takes impact on each of us in many ways, the most important factor and focus in the financial aspects and burdens that it creates, in which all of these issues have a high capacity impact on the U.S. healthcare system. One of the number one issues is analyzing the cost and funding of what all of this issues result in. Pertaining to the Millennium Development Goal the number one goals revolves around poverty and hunger. This has been an issue for as long as I can remember. The cost of living expenses resolves around the main agenda here. Every day, every year the cost of everything goes up, so making it harder for millions of people in every country to survive. One of the biggest obstacles here is the cost of Healthcare. One of the issues for an example with Omaba’s new health care reform act personally- My husband carries health care insurance for our two children and himself, carry my own healthcare insurance for myself through my employees as it makes financial since for us, but however if my husband would ever lose his job financial it would we have not income coming in anymore, as my employers premiums are well above what I make, there for it would make more since for myself to quit my job. We would do not qualify for Omaba care as my employer offers health care insurance. Therefore I don’t see how Omaba’s new health care reform act does not help everyone, but can put them in a more financial distress then
The NHQDR 2012 is a comprehensive report that implies there are changes that need to occur at multiple levels within the health care system and public policy. The report implies that the health care system needs to become more accessible to all populations, and the disparities in quality of care need to decrease. Health care providers need to evaluate access to care, treatment quality and its effectiveness. Meanwhile public policy needs to support funded programs that will improve access to care and support preventative services.
Despite the established health care facilities in the United States, most citizens do not have access to proper medical care. We must appreciate from the very onset that a healthy and strong nation must have a proper health care system. Such a health system should be available and affordable to all. The cost of health services is high. In fact, the ...
Shi, L., & Singh, D. (2012). Delivering health care in America: a system approach. Burlington: Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC.
...e crucial change needed in health services delivery, with the aim of transforming the current deteriorated system into a true “health care” system. (ANA, 2010)
What are Health disparities? Health disparities are "preventable difference in the burden of disease, violence, injury or opportunities to meet optimal health experienced by socially disadvantaged populations". This population can be defined by elements such as race, gender, income, career and geographical location. Health disparities are biased and are related to the historical and uneven distribution of social, economic, political and environmental features. Some of this features include poverty, ecological risks, limited access to health care, educational discriminations and individual and behavioral factors. Some people believe that health disparities are ethically wrong because it demonstrates historical inequality. some ethical values of important in bioethics such as "Kantian ethics, contractarian ethics, and utilitarian ethics have provided theoretical justification" on why health disparities are ethically wrong. While most people believe in the unfairness of these approach to health care solutions, others sorely believe that this approach is beneficiary for those that can't afford proper care due to cost because of their financial limitation, geographical location, ethnicity/race or gender orientation. In this paper, I will expatiate on some disadvantages subsidized by this factors to the population in concern and will cite some of the difficulties faced by these populations due to their inadequate access to good or better health care.
The state is responsible for the overall regulatory, supervisory and fiscal functions as well as for quality monitoring and planning of the distribution of medical specialties at the hospital level (Schäfer et al., 2010). The 5 regions are responsible for hospitals and for self-employed health care professionals, whereas the municipalities are responsible for disease prevention and health promotion rel...
In conclusion, the ultimate significance to this type of work is to improve the quality of healthcare in these extremely impoverished nations. This argument is represented in Tracy Kidder’s Mountains Beyond Mountains, Monte Leach’s “Ensuring Health Care as a Global Human Right”, and Darshark Sanghavi’s “Is it Cost Effective to Treat the World’s Poor.” The idea that universal healthcare is a human right is argued against in Michael F. Cannon’s “A “Right” to health care?” Cannon claims that it would not work, and fills the holes that the other authors leave in their arguments. All of these articles share the same ultimate goal, and that is to provide every individual with adequate health care, and to not let so many people die from things that could easily have been prevented or treated.
...nts of Health and the Prevention of Health Inequities. Retrieved 2014, from Australian Medical Association: https://ama.com.au/position-statement/social-determinants-health-and-prevention-health-inequities-2007
In many parts of the world that are considered lower or middle-class countries, health disparities are cause of major concern that leads to unnecessary disease and possible death. Many variables affect how and why many citizens of lower and middle-class countries struggle to obtain adequate healthcare. One region of the world classified as a lower socio economic territory is Ethiopia. Many factors contribute to the lack of health care in Ethiopia such as access to care, high cost of care, and being uneducated, to name a few. One idea that hinders many citizens in Ethiopia to attain healthcare is the access to the healthcare system. This research project will entail the issue of access to the health care system; ways it is affecting the lives of those living in Ethiopia, and measures that can be taken to possibly increase the availability and attainment of healthcare.
The idea that the successful health and health care organizations of the future will be those that can simultaneously deliver excellent quality of care, at lower total costs, while improving the health of their population is taking hold. The main reason is because of health disparities. Addressing health disparities has been a challenge for decades. This paper will look at a few examples of how health disparities can affect individually, thus the overall health of a population.
...on, race, and political belief, economic or social condition. Improving the poor health of disadvantaged individuals and reducing health gaps is important but not enough to level up health through socioeconomic groups. The objective of tackling health inequalities can be changed to local needs and priorities of a community allowing wide-ranging partnerships of support to be organised. However it needs to be made clear that what can be done to help improve the life chances and health prospects of individuals living in poverty may not come close to bringing their health prospects closer to the average of the rest of the population or prevent the gap living on throughout the generations. Being clear about what is trying to be overcome and achieved needs upmost importance in the development and delivery of policies that will promote health equality across the population.
There are many inequities in this global world; should there be such gross inequities in the health of people around the world? We hear words like health gap, health care inequality and sustainability. What can be done to eliminate the health gap, health care inequities and maintain sustainability? The World Health Organization (WHO) and other organizations, private and public are working towards eliminating these disparities. Healthy People 2020 are one such goal that has achieved considerable progress in attaining sustainability in the pursuit of global health goals (Gostin et al., 2013). The health gap can be minimized through health strategies. Among them are essentials for all in this global world; clean air, water, healthy food and adequate housing with hygienic living conditions. Primary, secondary, tertiary prevention and care services should be available to all who seek health care services.
Being able to access health care is a reflection of one’s knowledge of the range of health care available, how accessible and how affordable that health care is. Being aware of the level of access to health care that an individual has, will determine their participation in the health care system as well as the management of their own health. Equity in terms of healthcare refers to equal opportunities for all individuals to have access to varied healthcare options, regardless of their economic, social and educational background. Meeting the demands of the most disadvantaged in the community should be of prime consideration when planning and implementing accessible health care. Inclusive of this is the availability and affordability of allied health care to those without PHI.