Lab Report Extracting Lipids from Ground Nutmeg I. Introduction In this experiment, lipids from ground nutmeg are extracted using a combination of solvents and identify the lipids through chromatography. The purpose of using solvent combinations is to elute the lipids based on their polarity to binding of the silica gel. The chromatography is performed on a silica gel plate and the use of iodine to visualize the lipids. By calculating the Rf values for each compound and comparing them to the known lipids, we are able to distinguish the lipids within the grounded nutmeg. II. Procedures Add 5 g crushed nutmeg and 50 mL hexane-isopropanol into a flask and warm for 15 minutes. Remove the extra solvent on a steam bath under a hood while flushing the flask with N2 gas, leaving the crude extract. Weigh extract. Prepare silica gel column. Add 6 g of silica gel in 20 mL of hexane to make a slurry. Block column with small piece of glass wool, add 5 mL of hexane and then add the silica slurry up to the 10 cm mark. Prepare .05 to .075 g of crude lipid by dissolving it in hexane. Add to the silica gel slurry in the column. Begin collecting samples with the pure hexane. Keep adding hexane so that the silica gel column does not run dry. Collect one 20 ml sample. Repeat with 90:10 hexane and collect 4 20-mL bottles. Repeat with 80:20 hexane and collect 2 20-mL samples. Analyze each fraction by spotting 10 times with capillary tubes on a TLC plate, which is exposed to iodine vapor for 15 minutes. III. Results Lipids Distance Traveled Rf - Correct Results Rf = Distance Solute Traveled / Distance Solvent Traveled (mm) Hexane- 0 Hexane 90:10- 123/140 = .879 Hexane 90:10- 39/141= .277 Hexane 90:10- 38/141= .270 Hexane 90:10- 0 Hexane 80:20- 20/139= .863 Hexane 80:20- 19/139= .137 Triolein- 107/137= .78 Oleic Acid- 44/143= .309 Cholesteryl Linolet- 141/142= .99 Crude Lipid- (10 spots) 0, .035, .063, .092, .155, .204, .303, .45, .669, .99 Lipids Distance Traveled Rf - Incorrect Results Hexane- 0 Hexane 90:10 (All 4 samples)- 0 Hexane 80:20 (Both Samples)- 0 Triolene- 85/149= .570 Oleic Acid- 55/149= .369 Cholesteryl Linolet- 150/150= 1 Crude Lipid- 15 spots IV. Discussion
Each subsequent trial will use one gram more. 2.Put baking soda into reaction vessel. 3.Measure 40 mL vinegar. 4.Completely fill 1000 mL graduated cylinder with water.
We then took 1ml of the 0.1% solution from test tube 2 using the glucose pipette and added it to test tube 3, we then used the H2O pipette and added 9ml of H2O into test tube 3 creating 10ml of 0.01% solution.
Repeat for each trial. Rinse volumetric pipette with vinegar and drain into the waste beaker. Weigh and record the mass of each 200mL beaker. Add 10.00mL of vinegar into each beaker and weigh them and record their again. Add 50mL of de-ionized water to the beakers and place them under the drop counter on top of a stir plate, submerging the pH meter into the solution. Place the stir bar into the beaker and carefully turn on the stir plate so that the stir bar spins without splashing or hitting the sides of the beaker or the pH
3. Use a syringe to collect 3.0 mL ethanol (EtOH). Twist the syringe so that it attaches to the two-way valve. Wait until the TA instructs you to put the flask into the water bath.
To any top chef around the world, nutmeg is a highly prized spice. Nutmeg is known for its aromatic, aphrodisiac and curati...
The materials my group used were three identical plastic cups, four gummy bears of the same color, one plastic spoon, one roll wax paper, one sharpie marker, one roll plastic wrap, one graduated cylinder, 25 mL super saturated salt solution, 25 mL distilled water, 25 mL 80% sugar solution, and one 12 inch ruler. The procedure my group made follows these steps.
4. Pour about 300mL of tap water into the beaker. Set up a hot-water bath using a hot plate, retort stand, and thermometer clamp. Alternatively, use a Bunsen burner, retort stand, ring clamp, thermometer clamp, and wire gauze.
Put the amount of 0.1M cobalt (II) chloride hexahydrate that fills the end of a spatula into a test tube. Then add 2mL of 95% ethanol. Tap the end of the test tube to mix the solution and record the pertinent data in section 1 of the Data Table. Discard the solution in the appropriate container as directed to you by your lab instructor.
teaspoons of cinnamon, and three-fourths of a cup of flour into a large bowl, and stir them
3.) Divide your 30g of white substance into the 4 test tubes evenly. You should put 7.5g into each test tube along with the water.
In a 250ml beaker place 100mls of water, measure the temperature of the water and record this initial temperature onto a table. Set the timer and add one teaspoon of Ammonium Nitrate to the water, stir this continuously until the Ammonium Nitrate has dissolved. After 1 minute measure the temperature and record it, do this for a further 2 minutes (3 minutes in total). Repeat this process for a total of 10 teaspoons.
Step 1 -. Rub a small amount of sample onto a square of brown paper bag. Step 2 -. Brush off excess food and drink. Step 3 -.
2. In the large beaker, put water and boil it completely. After that, remove the beaker from heat. 3. Sample tubes (A-D) should be labeled and capped tightly.
For simple distillation, I added 4 mL of a 10-20% ethanol-water mixture to a 5 mL round-bottomed long-necked flask. I joined the flask to a distilling head fitted with a thermometer through...
tube. Add 6 mL of 0.1M HCl to the first test tube, then 0.1M KMnO4 and