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Effect of colonization on Latin America
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The monroe doctrine: origin and early american foreign policy
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The key foreign policy event of the Monroe presidency was the Monroe Doctrine. Monroe became involved in diplomacy with Spain concerning the Latin American colonies during his presidency. In the early 1800s, Latin American colonies began to become independent. The United States could sympathize with the colonies. President Monroe did not initially recognize the independent colonies as countries in fear of a war with Spain. In response to rumors regarding Spain and other allies planning an attempt to reclaim lost colonies, Secretary of State John Quincy Adams advised President Monroe to arrange a plan to acknowledge European intervention in the Western Hemisphere. In his annual address to Congress in 1823, President James Monroe addressed three
The War of 1812 and the Monroe Doctrine both played prominent roles in solidifying the United States as an independent and free nation. The War of 1812 showed to the world that America was capable of defending itself, as well as demonstrating that the country could function without Great Britain’s presence. The War of 1812 is commonly referred to as the “Second War of American Independence,” because of the obstacles the Americans had to endure to chase their former mother country away. America did not appreciate England blocking seaports, disrupting trade, as well as kidnapping American sailors (impressment). So America declared war, and proved its independence furthermore by successfully beating the world’s strongest military force again.
The Monroe Doctrine played a vital role in forming United States foreign policy. It was implemented at a time in the United States when Manifest Destiny was aggressively in effect. The US was freshly out from the control Europe had over them. The forming of Latin America in 1822 sparked interest in the US. The Latin America was experiencing similar problems in trying to gain independence from European control. The Holy Alliance, a coalition formed by Russia, Austria and Prussia, were attempting to interfere with this progress. The British took a stance against the Alliance to preserve trade and commercial interest. With Britain on his side, President Monroe took this opportunity to present the Monr...
McKinley’s presidency starting in 1896 restored American prosperity through the use of higher tariffs and the return to a gold standard. Foreign nations became dependent on the United States’ prosperity because economic problems, such as crop failures, were affecting their stability. This along with many other factors developed America’s strong sense of nationalism. The concept of social Darwinism was applied not only to domestic concerns, but to foreign concerns as well. Americans felt that their previous abilities to empower themselves over the Native Americans set as a precedent for their capability to influence foreign nations. America looked beyond its borders for new markets because after the closing of the frontier, a fear of possible resource depletion swept through the nation. America’s desire to colonize foreign nations was driven by economic intentions especially in Hawaii and Samoa, Cuba, and Puerto Rico.
James Monroe will always be best known by his Doctrine, but what most people don’t know is that most of the Monroe Doctrine was written by the Secretary of State, John Quincy Adams. Also that Adams was the one who told him to do it. The Monroe Doctrine was originally a letter to congress in 1823. The document stated that it was the end of colonizing the Americas.
Terms-Second BUS/Tariff of 1816/The AMERICAN SYSTEM/Virginia Dynasty/Era of Good Feelings/Treaty of 1818/ Panic of 1819/Florida Purchase Treaty/Tallmadge Amendment/Russo-American Treaty of 1824/
The Monroe Doctrine reflected the concerns and ambitions of a fledgling nation that was brave enough to declare its sovereignty on the world stage. The Doctrine, in stating that European powers ought not to intervene in America’s affairs, established the US as a world power, although one that had inadequate, hemispheric aspirations. However, these aspirations would extend, and in future years the Doctrine would substantiate its usefulness for interventionists, as well as protectionists. Being conceivably the most distinguishable and the most revered as regards principles of diplomacy, the doctrine’s influence on the popular imagination was so great that it described the limits of standard decisions on policy, in turn influencing the choice of preferences that US Presidents had for most of the last two centuries.
There was also concern, as aforementioned, that Russia would intervene to restore Spanish control of the Latin American colonies. Although much of the Monroe Doctrine seemed to be focused on Spain, there was another nation and general idea that persuaded Monroe and Adams that these principles were necessary; they were Britain and Unilateralism. Britain, like Spain, had permanent colonies, settlements, and claims in the new world. The one prized colony to their colonial chest was Canada, supplying fur, trade, and money to the British people.
Primarily, the United States foreign policy behind the Monroe Doctrine was introduced by President James Monroe in the midst of many Latin American countries gaining their independence from Spain. The doctrine stated that attempts by European countries to colonize or interfere with states in the Western Hemisphere would be viewed as acts of aggression and U.S. intervention would be necessary. The Monroe Doctrine set the precedent for various foreign policies that would result in U.S. involvement in Latin America.
Before considering Professor X’s assertion that the Roosevelt Corollary actually corrupted the Monroe Doctrine’s “benevolent intent,” it is worth considering whether or not the Monroe Docterine was as benevolent as the unnamed professor seems to suggest. Professor X considers Monroe’s 1823 Doctrine an act of benevolence, in which an increasingly dominant world power generously extends protection over its continental neighbors. Yet the Professor ignores the inherently imperialistic subtext that is contained within the Doctrine, and thus his comparison of the Monroe Doctrine to the Roosevelt Corollary omits a fundamental aspect of America’s colonialist history.
The major strengths of Theodore Roosevelt’s Foreign Policy lied in his eager and energetic global action, his desire to involve the United States in global politics, as well as in his belief in his Big Stick diplomacy. Roosevelt’s naval intervention in Panama, which led to successful retaliation against Colombian government, allowed for the construction the Panama Canal previously stymied by a lack of cooperation on the part of Colombia. The Canal uncovered a new and valuable trade route, linking the Pacific to the Atlantic, and stimulating economic growth for both the United States as well as other countries.
Americans over the years have been known to become almost selfish, no matter how much we have, we will never be happy until we control the free world. " The Monroe Doctrine of 1823 defined United States foreign policy in the Americas for the rest of the 19th century and beyond. It declared that the United States had an interest in the Western Hemisphere and the European powers must not meddle in the affairs of any developing nations there. The United States was a young nation in 1823 and did not really have the power to back up the Monroe Doctrine. However, the policy was used to justify the sending of the U.S. troops into Mexico in 1866 (to intimidate the French) and the purchased of Alaska in 1867".
A big issue Monroe tried to act on was British impressments, which is the practice of capturing U.S. sailors and making them serve in the British navy. This caused a slight rift between President Jefferson, Secretary of State Madison, and Monroe, after the two didn’t see the means of signing a treaty that Monroe thought would make the relationship between the two countries better. Monroe finally came to an understanding, repairing the broken bond between the three friends (Minister to France and Britain). This would pay off when newly appointed President James Madison would give the position of Secretary of State to James Monroe (Secretary of State and Secretary of War).
On December 2, 1823, President James Monroe articulated his seventh annual message to Congress. This message presented Americans with a statement that changed the way the Western Hemisphere would be view and how international affairs toward the new Latin colonies would be handle from this point forward. It addressed European nations in particular and stated that “the United States would not tolerate further colonization or puppet nations” The Monroe Doctrine was initially designed to protect the Latin colonies but later President Theodore Roosevelt extended the Doctrine to include the United States would be the policing powers of the Western Hemisphere, this became known as the Roosevelt Corollary. Roosevelt stated that the United States had a “morale mandate” to ensure that other nations used appropriate attitudes toward Latin America. Roosevelt felt strongly in about the conduct of other nations and further stated: “It is not that the United States feels and land hunger or entertains any projects as regards the other nations of the Western Hemisphere save such as are for their welfare. All that this country desires is to see the neighboring countries stable, orderly, and prosperous. Any country whose people conduct themselves well can count upon our hearty friendship. If a nation shows that it knows how to act with reasonable efficiency and decency in social and political matters, if it keeps order and pays its obligations, it need fear no interference from the United States. Chronic wrongdoing, or an impotence which results in a general loosening of the ties of civilized society, may in America, as elsewhere, ultimately require intervention by some civilized nation, and in the Western Hemisphere the adherence of the U...
1. In what ways were President Kennedy 's foreign policy decisions shaped by Cold War ideology?
After the war of 1812, the United States saw a nationalist spark begin to ignite. The emergence of nationalism was largely due to the Hartford Convention and the federalists’ call for secession from the union. With the end of the war, the Federalist Party diminished and the Republican Party emerged with no opposition. Feelings of pride, national unity, and patriotism were evoked, as seen in a picture depicting Fourth of July festivités in Philadelphia in 1819 (Doc C). Just as the Fourth of July celebration illustrates nationalism, the diary of secretary of state John Quincy Adams did as well. He implored and suggested that the United States take a firm stand against Britain and Spain, Russia and Prussia (Doc H). President Monroe was concerned that the United States not appear subordinate to Britain. In 1823 the Monroe Doctrine was proclaimed, and asserted the authority of the United States. As well as having fears that the United States not appear subordinat...