There are a variety of different leadership theories that have been developed over the years; however, the wide majority of scholars agree that it is a “concept that is both current and timeless” (Manning & Curtis, 2007, pg 1). This implies that it is on going and is a highly complex, developmental process, which considers people who can be both leaders as well as follower...
Trait theories are theories that consider personal qualities and characteristics that differentiate leaders from nonleaders." Early results aimed at confirming this theory were inconclusive. Many research studies were conducted and each identified key traits supposed to differentiate leaders from nonleaders. The problem is that they didn't get the same results, thus failing to discover common traits, which should have shown in each research study. When applying the Big Five Personality framework (extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability and openness to experience) to the study and research of leadership traits, results were more encouraging. They showed that the most important trait for leaders was extraversion. Still, this founding sh...
The pursuit to find what makes a leader great has always been a subject of debate amongst many of the greatest minds for centuries. Some believe leaders are born with the “right stuff”. Their natural abilities are leadership qualities that cannot be taught. Other believe that through education and guidance, leaders can be developed. Many think that situations will dictate leadership capabilities; a leader will rise to the occasion when it is right. There are groups that think it’s a combination of things; personality, culture, values, behaviors and situations that determine a leader and their personal leadership style. Can behavior and personality traits determine a leadership style? Do characteristics play
Leadership has been described as a “complex process having multiple dimensions” (Northouse, 2013). Over the past 60 years, scholars and practitioners have introduced a vast amount of leadership models and theories to explain this complex field and examine its many perspectives. Numerous leadership theories and models have attempted to define what makes a leader effective. From the early 1900s, the trait paradigm dominated leadership literature, focusing on inherited traits of leaders and suggesting that “leaders are born, not made”. However, during the 1950s, the trait approach lost enthusiasm as focus shifted to the behavior of leaders. Similar to the trait theory, the behavioral paradigm was based on general effective leadership behaviors
Influence is a captivating trait that is sought-after by many leaders; however, key elements are often missed because constant measuring is not in place. To gain a positive influence, it comes down to more than just personal motivation and ability. Leadership is a science; leadership is a practiced and developed trait. The power to influence is often broke down into six categories: personal, social, structure, each measuring ability and motivation independently.
Leadership is an important aspect for an individual to develop and master. Throughout history, leadership has evolved and has been defined in many ways. For instance, Ginsberg (2008) defines leadership as “motivating a group of people to achieve a common goal” (p. 315). Similarly, Northouse (2016) looks at leadership as more of a process that influences a group of individuals to achieve a common goal. Depending on the individual, the definition of leadership can vary. For this paper, leadership will be viewed as a process for leaders to use to influence their followers to achieve a goal. It is critical that an individual assess their behaviors and actions to figure out how to be an effective leader. Therefore, based on the various Northouse
Leadership, as it pertains to people, may be as old as the creation of the first social groups, in which there was likely a leader of some kind. However, the understanding and articulation of leadership has evolved over the course of at least several thousand years, with more recent times displaying a sincere push to understand this basic social concept. Leadership can be explored in many ways, including the behavior of leaders and followers. In the past, behaviorism was found to be important for a number of psychological occurrences, including leadership. As with most systems, there are both strengths and limitations on how effectively behavior can explain leadership. The way leadership is understood through the application of behavior has
Further research led to behavioral theories examining the behavior of effective leaders rather than their personal characteristics on the grounds that the secret to good leadership is in ones actions (Brain, 2002).
The basic premise behind trait theory was that are leaders born or made. Leaders trait research examined the physical, social as well as mental aspect of a individual. In general these studies simply look for significant associations between individual traits and measure of leadership effectiveness. The initial result was that leader trait was that there were no universal traits that consistently separate effective leaders from other individual but in final result explain that that early research considered the impact of situation variables that might moderate the relationship between leader trait and measure of leader effectiveness. Therefore due to lack of consistent findings l individual traits to leadership effectiveness, studies of leader traits were largely abandoned in 1950. Contingency approach is also an important approach in leader subject, this approach was first to specify how situational factor interact with leader traits and behavioral which influence leadership quality and its effectiveness of a person. According to theory leader should make contact with subordinates goal attainment, strengthen subordinates ' expectancies that improved performance will lead to valued rewards, and provide coaching to make the path to payoffs easier for subordinates. Path-goal theory suggests that the leader behavior that will accomplish these tasks depends upon the subordinate and environmental contingency factors. But this approach has not been successful as it has been criticize on both theatrically and method approach However, it remains one of the better-known theories of leadership and offers important in stories of the interaction between subordinate and
“The key to successful leadership today is influence, not authority”. The idea of the quote can be explained by Charismatic Leadership that founded by Max Weber in the 1920’s. Sociologist Max Weber defined charismatic leadership as individuals who possess “a gift of grace”. Charismatic leaders have strong visionary qualities and the ability to engage others in action. Furthermore, he also defines charismatic leaders are like hero or people with extraordinary qualities (12Manage, 2016). Weber (1947) stated that leaders with high charisma often be viewed as they have endowed with exceptional powers.
According to the “trait theories of leadership” in the textbook, six traits have been identified as being consistently associated with leadership: 1) ambition and energy; 2) the desire to lead; 3) honesty and integrity; 4) self-confidence; ...
The ability to be a leader has been studied extensively. Throughout this extensive study, some have pointed to leadership being a born trait (Northouse, 2012) while others point to the ability to learn the skills associated with becoming a great leader (Hughes, Ginnett and Curphy, 2012). While each side has its own valid points, one way to argue either way to see these skills in action. Whether these skills are seen in a high school student government association or the office of a large nationwide non-profit, they are present. The study of leadership has led to the description of several different styles of leadership. These styles include legitimate, expert, information, connections, referent, coercion and reward power. No matter the type of experiences a person has, they will most likely see these types of power.
Over the years, a number of theoretical models have been produced each trying to understand when and how leadership is effective. The trait approach is one of the early content theories, focusing on “what” and affective leader is, not on ‘how’ to effectively lead. This approach assumes that certain physical, social and personal characteristics are inherent i...