Connective Tissue
Connective tissue supports and binds various tissues throughout the body. These tissues are small in number and are scattered throughout the extracellular matrix of the basement membrane. This matrix consists of glycoproteins and numerous fibers that are of liquid or solid consistency.
Types of connective tissue fibers:
Collagenous Fibers - Fibers with high tensile strength and are composed of collagen, an abundant protein. Despite their strength, these fibers are non-elastic.
Elastic Fibers - Fibers with the greatest overall elastic quality. Elastic fibers consist of elastin and has the same strength as collagenous fibers.
Reticular Fibers - Thin collagenous fibers forming tightly bound branching network that joins connective tissues to adjacent tissues. These fibers consists of collagen proteins.
Types of Connective Tissue:
Loose Connective tissue - Tissue that functions to hold organs in place and binds
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Macrophages - A type of phagocytic cell that engulfs bacteria and digests cellular debris.
Adipose Tissue - Tissue that stores fat within adipose cells and serves as insulation and energy for body. This type of connective tissue is composed of adipocytes.
Fibrous connective tissue - Tissue that is composed of numerous bundles of collagen fibers. These parallel fiber groups allow the tissue to have a strong, non elastic strength.
Tendons - Attaches muscles to bones.
Cartilage - A strong, flexible collagenous fiber. Cartilage provides for support and movement within our bodies.
Ligaments - Binds joints to bones.
Blood - A type of connective tissue made up of water, salt, and various proteins and minerals. The two types of blood cells are Erythrocytes (Red blood cells) and leukocytes (White blood cells). Red blood cells function to carry oxygen while the white blood cells act as a defense mechanism against bacteria and harmful foreign
Red blood cells deliver the oxygen to the muscles and organs of the body.
After the skin, there is a layer called the dermis. The dermis is a broad layer of fibrous and elastic tissue (made mostly of fibrillin, elastin, and collagen) which gives the skin its flexibility and strength. The dermis incorporates nerve endings, sweat glands and oil glands, hair follicles, and blood
It has also been discovered that the components of Kevlar fiber, have a radial orientation that is in a crystal. Crystal-like regularity is the largest contributing factor in the strength of Kevlar fiber. PROPERTIES It is five times stronger, yet the same weight as steel. Kevlar Aramid fiber is an improved material, which is an extremely lightweight, man-made organic fiber. Kevlar fiber has a combination of properties, which makes Kevlar a very useful material.
The solution to this problem is located in the lab. Researchers across the country are working day in and day out to come up with a solution to accelerate the healing of soft tissues. They have come up with many solutions, from vibration therapy, to personalized rehab plans, but none of these are yielding truly significant results. I believe the solution lies at the molecular level. I believe that we can observe the healing of these soft connective tissues and learn from it. Then we can design a method from the observations to accelerate the production of the fibrils and collagen that will go on to make up the soft connective tissue. I have begun to take the beginning steps in solving this problem through my mentorship with Dr. Weinhold. Our research goals go hand in hand, which has led us to beginning research on the release of an angiogenic growth factor through a gelatin that will coat sutures. In theory, this angiogenic growth factor, once released from the crosslinking with the gelatin will stimulate the development of blood vessels around the recently repaired collagenous tissue. This, in turn, will allow the tendon/ligament to have a better oxygen supply and allow for quicker
...sponse to nerve impulses, hormones and other local factors. These muscle fibers can also stretch considerably and still maintain their contractile function.
The integumentary system has five main functions. The five main functions of the integumentary system are protection, regulation, sensation, absorption, and secretion. It consists of the hair, nails, skin, sebaceous and sweat glands. The largest organ of the entire body is the skin. The skin consists of three different layers. The epidermis, the dermis, and the subcutaneous layer, these are the three layers of the skin. There is a layer that is deeper than the skin and contains body fat, that layer is called the hypodermis. Sweat glands are also called sudoriferous glands. One of the functions of the skin is to maintain homeostasis. Synthesis of vitamin D, excretion of urea, excretion of salts and water are a few things that the skin is also capable of. The top layer of the skin is called the epidermis. The epidermis contains five different layers. These layers are the stratum corneum, the stratum lucidum, the stratum spinosum, and the stratum basale. In the epidermis there are four different cell types. The keratinocytes which produce keratin, the merkel cells that are sensitive to touch, the langerhans cells which is a dendritic type off cell, and the melanocytes which produce melanin.
Different chemistries and production methods of these fibers give them certain advantages. as viscose’s ability to combine with other fibers to create new fabrics easily) and disadvantages. such as nylon’s quickly weakening fibers or natural silk’s difficulty of production. other that make them more or less suitable for certain purposes. For this reason, when? considering silk and artificial silk, it is illogical to pick one fiber that is superior to the others.
Many other body system are interrelated to the musculoskeletal system, which including skeletal, muscular, nervous, and digestive and circulatory system. Receptors in the muscles provide the brain with information about body position and movement. The nervous system controls the contraction of the muscles. The nervous system regulates the speed at which food moves through the digestive tract. The smooth muscles of the walls of the digestive organs rhythmically and efficiently move food through out the digestive system into other parts of the body. The muscular system works closely with the nervous system.
Within every body, fascia is a major part that is stretchy fibrous material, made up of reticulin, elastin and collagen and described as protective soft tissue matrix , that covers all somatic tissue ( Luchea, 2014) .Fascia has four primary layers the outer most layer is known as the appendicular fascia , deep to the panniculus layer is axial fascia , thus axial fascia has a continues layer known as appendicular fascia , neural structures are surrounded by meningeal fascia and the larges fascia that covers all body cavities is visceral fascia ( Schliep, 2003). Hence fascia and muscle make up the myofascia system and its described as “a superficial body suit”( Jenings.com, 2014) that permit an individual to move freely. Accordingly the post surgical scar tissue has many biomechanics and histology that diverge to those non traumatised connective tissue. Scar tissue replaces damag...
Connective tissues are found all over our bodies. Generally, they are located in blood, fat, and between muscles and bones. The matrix is the substance that surrounds the cell. Matrices can be fluid or solid, depending on where they are found. They also are found to have varying degrees of vascularity. For example, a bone would be very vascular while cartilage is avascular. Two good property the cells of connective tissue have is that they can divide and repair themselves. The functions of these tissues are: to bind structures, support, protect, serve as framework, store fat, produce blood cells and repair damage.
The cytoskeleton is made up of three different types of filaments, actin filaments, intermediate filaments and microtubules. Actin filaments are the thinnest, they are also known as microfilaments. They create a band under the plasma membrane, this gives strength to the cell and links transmembrane proteins such as cell surface receptors to cytoplasmic proteins. Intermediate filaments include keratins, lamins, neurofilaments and vimentins. Keratins form hooves, horns and hair and are found in epithelial cells. Lamins form a type of mesh that ‘stabilizes the inner membrane of the nuclear envelope’ (Biology Pages). Neurofilaments bring strength to the axons of neurons and vimentins provide mechanical support to cells – particularly muscles. The cytoskeleton is also involved in cell
Tissues are composed of groups of cells that have similar shapes and functions. There are four main types of tissue found in the human body: epithelial tissue, connective tissue, muscular tissue, and nervous tissue. Each tissue has unique characteristics that differentiate them from one another. Epithelial tissue covers the surface of the body, connective tissue adds support and structure to the body, muscular tissue contracts to allow movement, and nervous tissue controls the organs (Hoehn & Marieb, 2007, p. 118).
There are three simple tissues namely, parenchyma, collenchyma, and sclerenchyma. Parenchyma is thought of as the ground tissue of an axis since it occurs in greatest abundance and is the tissue in which the vascular tissues are embedded. Parenchyma cells may be isodiametric in both the pith and the cortex, but are more mostly longitudinally elongated in the cortex. They have comparatively thin walls. Wall layers are continuously shaped regions. These simple pits usually occur opposite each other, forming pit-pairs in the walls of contiguous cells. Plasmodesmata (specialized strands of endoplasmic reticulum) form interconnections with the protoplasts of adjacent living cells through simple
In its nature, collagen is like the backbone of the skin and is responsible for its elasticity and structure. It’s also responsible for replacement of dead skin cells with new ones giving the skin a radiant
I will be investigating Human Blood as my specific tissue and giving an overview on the location, characteristics, and the benefits it has to the human body. Blood is extracellular matrix that is consists of plasma, red blood cells, platelets, and white blood cells. Blood is located within the capillaries/veins/arteries of the human body, which are blood vessels that run through the entire body. These blood vessels allow the blood to flow smoothly and quickly from the heart to distinct parts of the human body. The unique parts of human blood all work together for a purpose: the Red Blood Cells(erythrocytes) transports oxygen throughout the body, White Blood Cells(leukocytes) play a part in the bodies immune system, Platelets(thrombocytes) assist in creating scabs,