An individual’s interactions with others is affected by his or her emotions. The relationship between emotions and interactions in a particular situation has been studied by Arlie Hochschild, and through her work, she is developed two interrelated concepts: feeling rules and emotion work. Feeling rules are the expectations or guidelines for displaying emotion related to a specific situation. Part of feeling rules is a working knowledge of the types of emotions that are appropriate, who is allowed to express those emotions, and what displays of emotion are acceptable. In addition, feeling rules are not universal, instead they are influenced by culture, and the expectations of groups and organizations. Overall, feeling rules inform an individual …show more content…
Emotion work is the process by which individuals control or manage their feelings by summoning or repressing certain emotions. There are two main forms of emotion work, which are surface acting and deep acting. When individuals are engaging in surface acting they attempt to “act the part” that is expected or required in a particular situation, even if the display is contrary to their underlying mood. On the other hand, in deep acting an individual actively engages in efforts to suppress or invoke certain emotions. During this process, an individual self-consciously works to call forth or summon feelings with in him or herself that match the expressions the individual is trying to convey to others. Unlike with surface acting in deep acting an individual not only follows feeling rules outwardly, but conforms to the expectations inwardly as well. Emotion work is an important part of social interactions, not only for special occasions such as weddings and funerals but everyday situations as well. Overall feeling rules and emotion work are necessary to fulfill the demands of situation and maintain social order in that they allow individuals to engage in smooth
Subject N told me this story about how she was chosen for student of the month and couldn’t express how she was feeling because she was feeling more than one emotion. She realized that, she said she felt “excited and nervous” because they needed to interview her to display it in the hallway. She is showing an understanding that more than one emotion can be experienced. During my second time observing her she was also sad because her friends cat died a week ago, showing she is aware of events that lead to emotional reactions (Denhman, Bassett, & Wyatt, 2007; Denham & others, 2012; Kuebli, 1994; Thompson, 2013c, d).
The situation in which I will be referring to throughout this essay is a family dinner celebrating my brother’s engagement to his fiancé whom my mother approves of but my father does not. The works of Arlie Hochschild on emotional work will be used to analyze the situational context. Arlie Hochschild is a professor at the University of California, Berkeley whose area of interest is in how individuals manage their emotions and perform emotional labor in places that require control over one’s character such as their workplace. Her work suggests the idea that emotion and feeling are social. In this Hochschild (1983) means that there are rules to how we feel in every situation such as birthday parties and trying to stay happy at them or funerals and being expected to express emotions of grief. An individual may engage in emotional work by changing their affective state to match the feeling rules of the situation, Hochschild (1983) refers to this as two concepts: surface acting and deep acting.
Levine, L. E., & Munsch, J. (2011). Regulations of Emotions. In L. E. Levine, & J. Munsch, Child Development: An Active Approach (p. 371). Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publishers.
As humans, emotions are an unavoidable occurrence. People get angry, sad, happy, surprised, etcetera. In some cases, it is harder
Emotions – Emotions are a way for us to be able to communicate our emotional state and feelings with others. Sometimes this is through our moods or even facial
It was 8:00 a.m. on April 9, 1999 and I was saying goodbye to my parents at the San Francisco Airport. While I was walking away from my parent’s gate I remembered the study for my Interpersonal Communication class, and decided that the airport was a perfect place to observe nonverbal behavior. I sat myself near the entrance of a gate so I could clearly focus on personal space and voice behaviors while people stood in line to board their plane. This location allowed me to observe some very distinct behaviors, and I was amazed at the many different ways people express their emotions and the many people that weren’t aware of these expressions.
What are emotions and do they affect those we relate to in our daily lives. Webster’s Dictionary describes emotions as an affective state of consciousness in which joy, sorrow, fear, or the like is experienced. One can easily see emotions are a strong surge of feelings. These feelings could be happy, sorrowful, joyful, and anxious. You know these feelings and have probably experienced them all from time to time. Different situations will affect our emotions and cause them to change, but can our emotions affect the people that surround us? Do people adjust their attitudes and emotions according to those they are around? In Alice Walker’s, “Am I Blue,” she is deeply affected by the horse and the different emotions it displays. Blue’s emotions affected the way she was feeling. If she felt that he was happy, then she too felt happy. In Walker’s essay, she speaks about Blue’s reaction to loosing his companion and how he grieved. Although he was in a beautiful place, with thousands of acres to run, he had no one to share this with; therefore he became devastated and sad. After reading this article, a pre-school/kindergarten teacher decided to see how her moods and emotions would affect her students. Would their actions and behavior depend solely on the emotions she was experiencing? After watching and observing them over a period of time and experiencing both good moods and bad moods, this is what she found.
The concept of emotional labour has often been referred to as being the performance of emotionally acting. Emotional acting can be split into two different categories; surface acting and deep acting. Surface acting is described as being the act of expressing an emotion without actually feeling that emotion (Hochschild 1983), which includes actions that are used to cover any negative emotions with positive actions. An example of this would be a bank teller who smiles continuously at a customer even though the customer has been very rude. Deep acting is another form of emotional labour which can be further split into two different types of emotional actions; the first is to exhibit the actual emotion that yo...
Plato, a famous philosopher in the early ages, described emotion and reason as two horses pulling an individual in opposite directions. Often emotion is a form of automatic action, and reason is a form of controlled action, where thought processes occur before action takes place. However, reason cannot control emotions. A huge factor is that emotions are an outlet of inner emotions. People often don’t cry when they feel joyful deep inside. Some people might be acting, but actions and small details often portray the emotions hidden inside. People...
Introduction Emotions of anger has various techniques to control them. In this investigation two scenarios have been created. In the first scenario the character gets angry and shows aggressive behaviour and in the second scenario the character uses an assertiveness technique to control in the same situation from the first scenario. The emotions from each scenario are briefly explained by using the Emotion wheel. Investigation has brief description explaining details about emotions and its related background information.
In interpersonal communication there are many theories that are similar yet different in many ways. The theories can be combined to describe people and how those people interact and communicate with each other. Many of these theories help explain how people in society form impressions of others, how they maintain these impressions, why people interact with certain people in society, and how people will use these impressions that they have formed later on in life. These theories also help people to better understand themselves, to better understand interpersonal communication, and to better understand people in general. There are two theories in interpersonal communication that, despite their differences, can go hand in hand. The first is interaction adaptation theory and the second is emotional contagion theory. These two theories’ similarities and differences and their relevance to my everyday life will be discussed in this paper. These two theories are very important in understanding how people interact with others and why people do the things they do sometimes.
Introduction Emotional Labor (EL) is defined “as managing emotions through surface or deep acting by following organizational display rules in return for a wage.” (Hochschild 1983). Task performance and strategy is increased through EL and it has impact on administration of service. Strategies displayed by frontline staffs in service roles may increase bad outcomes by activating negative idea like emotive dissonance and self-alienation.
However, after I learn the concept, I found it is important in our lives. To talk about why this lesson was important, at first, “More time is spent communicating nonverbally than verbally” (150). For example, we will use eye contact and facial expressions to give feedback of our group presenter. It is important to let them know if we understand or not. Then “Nonverbal messages are usually more believable than verbal messages” (151). The emotion is the thing that people always cannot hide so we can know more information nonverbally. Therefore, after I learn this important lesson, I found more ways to understand and communicate with my
Mayer and Salovey (2001) maintained that emotions help prioritise, decide, anticipate and plan one’s actions. In order to effectively manage one’s emotions, one must first learn to identify and recognise them accurately. They should not neglect their emotions as this will reflect lack of self-awareness. For example, when someone lost their loved ones, they choose to be in a state of denial allowing themselves to be drowned in depression and sickness. They refused to get away from feeling negative and find solutions to overcome their emotions. These group of people face difficulties in recognising, identifying and managing their emotions.
From the moment they wake up, people experience events that trigger certain emotions. How people react to these events may depend on that person feels during that event. In terms of whether our emotions control us or we control our emotions, I believe that to some extent emotions control us. Because we cannot change how we feel in response to certain stimulus, emotions control us. However, people have some control over whether or not they act on their emotions. Emotions at that given moment can influence our actions. If people can control their reactions, then to some degree we are controlling our emotions. However, the prompts raises several important questions. How can one’s emotions alter other ways of knowing such as perception or reason?